Mental Abuse In The Indian Horse

Theodore Fontaine is one of the thousands of young aboriginal peoples who were subjected through the early Canadian system of the Indian residential schools, was physically tortured. Originally speaking Ojibwe, Theodore relates the encounters of a young man deprived of his culture and parents, who were taken away from him at the age of seven, during which he would no longer be free to choose what to say, how to say it, with whom to live and even what culture to embrace. Theodore would then spend the next twelve years undoing what had been done to him since birth, and the rest of his life attempting a reversal of his elementary education culture shock, traumatization, and indoctrination of ethnicity and Canadian supremacy. Out of these experiences, he wrote the “Broken Circle: The Dark Legacy of Indian Residential Schools-A Memoir” and in this review, I considered the Heritage House Publishing Company Ltd publication.

Sherman Alexie, in “Indian Education” tells his experiences in school on the reservation. Some of his teachers did not treat him very good and did not try to understand him. In his ninth grade year he collapsed. A teacher assumed that he had been drinking just because he was Native American. The teacher said, “What’s that boy been drinking? I know all about these Indian kids. They start drinking real young.” Sherman Alexie didn’t listen to the negatives in school. He persevered and became valedictorian of his school.

Adjusting to another culture is a difficult concept, especially for children in their school classrooms. In Sherman Alexie’s, “Indian Education,” he discusses the different stages of a Native Americans childhood compared to his white counterparts. He is describing the schooling of a child, Victor, in an American Indian reservation, grade by grade. He uses a few different examples of satire and irony, in which could be viewed in completely different ways, expressing different feelings to the reader. Racism and bullying are both present throughout this essay between Indians and Americans. The Indian Americans have the stereotype of being unsuccessful and always being those that are left behind. Through Alexie’s negativity and humor in his

Education —an institution for success, opportunity, and progress — is itself steeped in racism. In Sherman Alexie’s short story “Indian Education” from his book The Longer Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven is set in two places, the Spokane Indian Reservation and a farm town nearby the reservation. The story is written in a list of formative events chronologize Victor’s youth by depicting the most potent moment from each year he is in school. Alexie addresses the issue of racism in education by examining examples of injustice and discrimination over twelve years in a boy’s life. Victor faces his initial injustice in first grade when he is bullied by bigger kids, but his understanding of injustice becomes much more complex in grades two through twelve as he experiences discrimination against his American Indian identity. Familial experiences of a Native woman, Alexie’s style and humor, and Victor’s awareness of discrimination from grade one to twelve all reveal the grim reality of growing up and being schooled on an American Indian reservation.

Isabelle Knockwood’s novel Out of The Depths shines a light on Residential Schools in Canada through the first hand accounts of twenty-seven survivors who attended the Shubenacadie Indian Residential School. Although Knockwood’s compilation of accounts are all from students of one residential school, the treatments and experiences echo the sentiments of students and authors over a much greater area. The affects of Residential Schools have had a lasting impact, affecting communities and individual generations later. Knockwood’s novel is very unique because it voices not only the harsh realities we associate with residential schools, but also personal experiences of appreciation for what the school(s) did. It will be interesting to look at

The kidnap of Saul into the residential school system is a product of the superiority complex that exists. The belief that the indigenous people were inferior to the whites is what drove Saul to the school in the first place. Meanwhile, at the school Saul is taught to suppress his culture and values. Saul accompanied with thousands of other young aboriginal children are assimilated into the white culture. The main goal of the school system was to “[try] to remove [their] skin” (Wagamese 44). In this text, Saul compares his first time being bathed at St. Jeromes to

Charlie Angus was elected as a Member of Parliament in 2004, a role which took him to the Forgotten Children of Attawapiskat. It was his experiences prompted him to write his book, Children of the Broken Treaty: Canada’s Lost Promise and one Girl’s Dream, which tells the story of Indigenous persons of Canada’s struggles, including treaty rights, residential schools, as well as the fight for education and safe housing. The book provides a challenge to many common assumptions, and it also explores many themes which are used to explain the events which have shaped Canadian culture and policies. Angus begins his book by touching on some of the original treaties signed between the first Canadian government and the members of the bands that are indigenous to the land. One of these was Treaty 9, which promised education for Indigenous children. The book then developed into the foundation of residential schools, and the horrors that are endured there. In addition to the horrendous amounts of verbal, physical and sexual abuse which took place in these schools, the students who attended these institutions faced the mass genocide of their culture, as the unspoken purpose of these schools was “to kill the Indian in the child” (Angus, 2015, p. 14). The beginning of the book, while very dark, provides an honest introduction to some of the themes that can be spotted throughout the book, and history itself. The three themes that primarily stood out to me as a reader were: cultural

One who suffers from a lot of pain usually loses themselves in the process of trying to reclaim their life. In Richard Wagamese’s Indian horse, the proganist Saul Indian horse goes through a lot of agonies which gives him the motive to kill the Indian in himself, destroying his oneness. Though alcoholism, violent acts, and his new identity makes Saul feel like he belongs it just is not who he is as a person. These harrowing changes are inspired by the tremendous amount of abuse Saul endures throughout his childhood. The endless amount of physical and mental abuse Saul experiences forces him to become a different person which in turn makes him lose his true identity.

Comprehending an excerpt of Indian Horse by Richard Wagamese leads me to feel various negative emotions that can be classified into three major feelings which involve fury, agitation, and sorrow. With a ridiculous reason that they were Aboriginals, numerous children got forced into residential schools and were sacrificed to add such a disgraceful history of Canada. The first emotion I felt was fury in the scene when the boy who opposed to change his family name was beaten by the supervisor “until he collapsed” (46). I thought this behavior was cruel enough to be considered as a child abuse and deserve criticism to use violence against kids. Additionally, the part where the author described the “rare unsupervised time” generated most agitation.

For decades, Aboriginal children were forcibly removed from their families and upraised in poorly funded residential schools throughout Canada. The purpose of this school system was to assimilate Indigenous children into the Canadian society by destroying their native culture. When attending these schools, Aboriginal children also suffered from sexual, physical, psychological, and/or spiritual abuse which had a negative impact on their overall well-being (The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, 2012). These detrimental events endured by an Indigenous child were portrayed within the novella, Wenjack, written by Joseph Boyden. Throughout the novella, it explores the experiences undergone by a First Nation student, Chanie, whose

No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.” Unfortunately Native Americans have deep roots with racism and oppression during the last 500 years. “In The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fist Fight in Heaven,” Sherman Alexie tries to show racism in many ways in multiple of his short stories. These stories, engage our history from a Native American viewpoint. Many Native Americans were brutally forced out of their homes and onto Reservations that lacked resources. Later, Indian children were taken from their families and placed into school that were designed to, “Kill the Indian, save the man.” In the book there are multiple short story that are pieces that form a larger puzzle that shows the struggles and their effects on Native Americans. Sherman Alexie shows the many sides of racism, unfair justice and extermination policies and how imagination is key for Native American survival.

This book is all about the healing process from Residential Schools. It talks about recovery programs that have started up to deal with the aftermath. It has many great, inspiring stories about how to heal and in a sense grieve their old lives and start to make new. Wadden speaks about what the Aboriginal families and communities have lost and what they have now learned to gain from the Residential Schools. It also touches on what Canada can do to help tear down the walls we have put up between each other so we can grow as one instead of as two. This book helps open many peoples eyes so they can see how Aboriginal People are rebuilding their lives based on the hard times. This is a strong source for the essay because it speaks of how we are

Indian horse by Richard Wagamese allowed me to open my eyes on the issues of Aboriginal people dealing with all the horrible pains and abusive trauma from the residential school. Before reading this book, I felt like I was educated well enough to understand how much aboriginal people suffered through generations and how much they have lost compared to what they had before. However, after reading this book I was able to see through First nation’s perspective and realized it's not just knowing about what aboriginal people have been through throughout the history. In this novel, the author allowed me to see Saul’s life transitioning ,where in the beginning saul was living the indigenous way of life with his family, but eventually forced to be

At first I was very confused on what Indian the narrator was talking about but then after re-reading the beginning paragraph I was able to put the pieces together . I think this narrator gives a lot of insight of what Native Americans have to go through when the U.S government has to sort of force them to move. He even starts off the story with “my U.S. Government glasses were horn-rimmed, ugly”. I can draw from this quote that the narrator hates wearing what the government makes them. A lot of questions remained after reading this story. I got the impression in the beginning that the narrator hated white people (kids) because they always used to beat him up and harrass him. He even got in trouble by teachers for what seemed like little mistakes.

“The time has come to end this cruelty and open up a new chapter in our treatment of horses.”