Mental Health: Aerobic Exercise And Schizophrenia

A lot of people use very general ideas to make (and critique) “good” writing- when there are some slightly more specific things to look for. If you’re looking for an example of good writing, however, look no further. In the story, “The Treasure of Lemon Brown” by Walter Dean Myers, the author uses descriptive writing to develop a mood, and figurative language to develop characters.

Participant has completed an adult pre-exercise screening assessment, is currently fit and has no history of medical conditions in which to influence the results or compromise wellbeing.

Past fitness programs at our facility have used evaluation methods before, during and after programs are implemented. The first evaluation allows us to tailor offerings for current cohort and establish baseline measures. At the midpoint we make sure client’s needs are being met and make adjustments as necessary. The final evaluation demonstrates effectiveness and areas for improvement.

Most of the researches stated its efficacy in treating the patients with schizophrenia, treatment for an abnormal curvature of spine, rehabilitation for the chronic neck pain, for enhancing the energy metabolism. Therefore, the regime of exercise would be able to add positive prospects into the life of a being and reflect a culture of healthy lifestyle.

The American Jury system is important because it's a constitutional right based on the 6th and 7th amendments. The American Jury system was created to give citizens legal decisions and to prevent unfair judgments by the government. The Founding Fathers wanted to enhance the democratic government to protect each other's freedom and rights. The American Jury is a productive system because it prevents tyranny and checks and balances. Preventing tyranny is a benefit to the American jury system because it provides individual rights and makes sure it's fair.

Propaganda is a way to send a message to people which promotes or publicizes a particular political cause or point of view. Propaganda is used to influence people’s attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors in the spreading of ideas. The message or idea of propaganda is brought to the people through art, music, posters, radio, books, films, and the press, etc. Also it can persuade someone to believe one side of a subject over another. Propaganda has played a huge role within war, presidency, and social issues.

Despite the advances of antipsychotic medications, schizophrenia is a leading cause of global disability associated with high rates of hospitalizations, depression, and suicide attempts (Statistics Canada, 2015, para. 5). According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (2016), “schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves” (para. 1). Additionally, individuals with schizophrenia may experience varied symptoms including: delusions and hallucinations; movement and thought disorders; flat affect and decreased pleasure; and impaired attention and memory (NIMH, 2016, para. 4, 5, 6). The purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of nonpharmacological interventions in the population of adults with schizophrenia. Several modalities of nonpharmacological treatments have been examined for efficacy, however our research focuses specifically on the following categories: (a) psychoeducation and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), (b) physical fitness and yoga programs, (c) combined pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies, (d) case management and community services, and (e) technology and relational agents.

According to Wilk et al. (2005), cognitive impairment is thought to be a central feature of schizophrenia. It spans across a number of separate cognitive domains, such as attention, working memory, executive functions and verbal fluency (Reichenberg, 2010). This notion is also supported in another study done by Bowie and Harvey (2006), which suggests that as a result of schizophrenia being associated across discrete domains of cognitive impairment, it has led some to gather that it is a disease “with a global profile of neuropsychological impairment”.

Jimmy LeeTakeuchi, H. G. (2015). Subtyping Schizophrenia by Treatment Response: Antipsychotic Development and the Central Role of Positive Symptoms. Canadian Journal Of Psychiatry, 60(11), 515-522. Kaltsatou, A. A. (2015). Effects of exercise training with traditional dancing on functional capacity and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled study. Clinical Rehabilitation, 29(9), 882-891.

There were 47 patients for this study, both men and women between the ages of 60 and 80 years, overweight, recently sedentary, nonsmokers, and had established type 2 diabetes without the use of insulin. The subjects were separated between two groups by the type of exercise they would perform. Both were provided a healthy eating plan designed to provide a moderate weight loss of 0.25 kg/week for the course of the study. Adherence to the diet was assessed in biweekly interviews with the participants. Both groups visited the exercise lab 3 nonconsecutive days per week for 6 months. The control group exercise was designed to increase flexibility but not improve cardiovascular

This study discussed the research on exercise as an alternative treatment for adolescents suffering from depression. Adolescents participated in a randomized control trial as the researchers measured differences between two different types of intervention (EXER and STRETCH group). The results showed improvements for both groups, but some varying differences, with the EXER group showing more significant improvements. Overall, the results are hopeful but strengths and weaknesses need to be considered.

Smith et al. (2013) took a less studied approach to improving cognitive decline by testing the effects of aerobic exercise on adults (60-88 years old) already suffering from cognitive impairment. After 12 weeks of moderate exercise there was an improvement of memory and neural efficiency across all subjects.

Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States (Hall & Lorenc, 2010). Evidence has shown that cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is beneficial for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (McLeod, Brooks, Taylor, Currie, & Dewhurst, 2004; Zullo, Dolansky, & Jackson, 2010). Cardiac rehabilitation is a versatile program that encroaches upon many disciplines in order to create an optimal medical therapy that seeks to educate patients through counseling to make behavioral changes that will improve their health status. The goal of CR is to reduce the risk of repeat cardiac events, improve cardiovascular health, and reduce all-cause mortality with the use of evidence-based guidelines (Lawler, Filion, & Eisenberg, 2011; Lobelo, Stoutenberg, & Hutber, 2014). Exercise therapy is a key factor to programming. Effective training protocol that elicits a high rate of compliance will produce positive outcomes. Although moderate intensity continuous training has been the main training regimen recommended in cardiac rehabilitation guidelines, Ito, Mizoguchi, and Saeki (2016) found high-intensity interval training reported to be more effective in the clinical and experimental setting from the standpoint of peak oxygen uptake and central and peripheral adaptations in their review.

Some hypothesize that moderate levels of exercise will decrease the symptoms of mental health conditions (Blumenthal et al., 2007; Diaz & Motta, 2008; Motta, Kuligowski, & Marino, 2010; Rosenbaum, Nguyen, Lenehan, Tiedemann, van der Ploeg, & Sherrington, 2011) and therefore be used as an alternative or complimentary treatment option for mental health (Libby, Pilver, & Desai, 2012).

Of the 10 studies, six of them were randomized controlled trials, one had a quasi-experimental design, and three of the studies were single group studies. The duration of the intervention ranged from 3 to 52 weeks, with only one study spanning one full year. Some studies involved the use of pedometers or accelerometers, and those studies had pre and post-intervention measures which lasted between five days to three weeks (Buchholz et al.,