Metabolic Rate Between Animals Of Similar Body Weights

To determine the metabolic rate of a goldfish two different methods can be applied, direct or indirect calorimetry. Direct calorimetry analyzes the exothermic reaction when ATP is produced by measuring the amount of heat that is released. Meanwhile, indirect calorimetry measures the amount of carbon dioxide or oxygen because both are components of aerobic respiration, a process which repeatedly supplies more ATP to match the demands of metabolic rate of an organism. Evidently, metabolic rate is the cumulative sum of energy used by all the cells. Most of this energy comes from regulating homeostasis, locomotion and thermoregulation. On the other hand, ectotherms like goldfish have a slight difference in their metabolic rates because their internal temperature directly correlates with the temperature of their environment. For this reason, ectotherms use less energy because they do not need to worry about thermoregulation, maintaining constant body temperature. However, temperature, size, amount of light and stimulus are factors that can affect metabolism of goldfish. Thus, this experiment will measure the metabolic rate of goldfish through in

The muskox can survive in the tundra due to its large coat of rough hair on its body. It lives in the tundra to find what it needs to stay sustained such as roots, mosses and lichens.Next the Arctic Hare survives in the tundra because it has shortened ears and limbs, a wad small nose, fat that makes up 20% of its body, and a thick coat of fur. It live in the Tundra because that is its place of origin.Third the Polar Bear survives in the tundra because it has a big fur coat over a thick warm coat of fat. It stays in the arctic or tundra due to those locations have the food source they need to survive.Fourth the Arctic fox survives in the Tundra because the furry soles, short ears and short muzzle which are good for chilly climates. They stay

The Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) is a bear native largely within the Arctic Circle encircling the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and land masses. Although it is closely related to the Brown Bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological forte, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice, and open water, and for hunting the seals which make up most of its diet. Though there are many theories surrounding evolution, the two stand outstanding hypotheses applying to the modification from Brown Bear to Polar Bear are Lamarck’s theory of Use and Disuse, and Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection. The intention of this paper is to compare these thesis and determine the most appropriate in

"Polar Bears, Ringed Seals, and the Complex Consequences of Climate Change" is an article written by Mary Bates who earned her PhD studying Bat echolocation. She works for an American Association for the Advancement of Science. In this article Mary talks about how Climate change is impacting different species at different rates. Here, she focuses on sea-ice dependent animals such as Polar Bears and Ringed Seals at Arctic. She explains on how these animals are dependent upon the sea-ice for living. The Arctic is warming at a rate three times greater than the global average, and that the sea ice coverage is declining rapidly. She also talks about Hamilton's study on sea-ice dependent animals. Before the melting of sea ice the Polar bears used

The snowshoe hare is an important consumer in the ANWR food chain. Without it, top predators such as the brown bear would lack an important food source. The snowshoe hare is an herbivore. Like all herbivores, it eats only plants. Some plants that the snowshoe hare eats are the reindeer lichen, the arctic willow, and the arctic sedge. In the ANWR, it is important that the snowshoe hare has useful adaptations since it lives in the tundra, one of the world’s toughest biomes to survive in. Its signature adaptation is its ability to change color. During the winter, its coat is white as snow, which helps it blend in with its tundra habitat. During the spring and summer, its fur changes reddish-brown, which helps it blend with the dirt and mud that is common in the tundra during and after the period

Abstract: Metabolism is used to refer to all of the chemical reactions involving energy transformations in the cell of the body, for example cellular activity such as cellular respiration and its sub activtys like glycolysis, Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain all produce energy in the form of ATP and a byproduct of the energy production, heat is also produced . Although the cell is not 100% efficient thermodynamically, the energy in the form of heat is lost in the cell each time when energy is produced. Metabolic rates of an organism can be measured directly by the amount of heat lost from the body in a certain period of time. Another way an organisms metabolic rate can be measured is indirectly, by measuring the amount of oxygen that is consumed in a given period of time. In the experiment conducted, we needed to find the metabolic rate of an ectotherm. Using a goldfish (ectotherm) we calculated the metabolic rate by means of counting the number of operculum beats when three different goldfish where submerged in various temperatures. What was found is that the metabolic rate increased when the temperature increased and the metabolic rate decreased as temperature dropped.

These aspcts help them with being able to kill and strike their prey. Another way they adapt is that they can hunt their prey under water. They can also smell seals from over a mile away. They can adapt to cold weather because of their very thick fur.They also have white fur which helps them be able to camouflage into snowy surroundings. They also have black fur which absorbs heat from the sun.They also have blubber which helps them stay warm when they go swimmimg in the ocean. They also have fur on their feet which helps keep their feet warm.They also have webbed feet and an oily coat which is water

Final Thoughts: there are many other adaptations but i could only talk about a few out of many such as their teeth or their fur or eyesight under

The polar bear lives up in the Arctic region where global warming and climate change are melting the ice caps that the bears thrive on. They use the ice as a platform from hunting and rest. The random pocket holes in the ice, where the seals pop up at, is where the polar bear catches its prey. With this reduction of ice, “the abundance of seals, and increases the amount of energy and time needed for hunting, leaving less energy for reproduction” (Endangered Species and Habitats).

Due to the effects of greenhouse gases, the sea ice that polar bears rely on for foraging and shelter is declining rapidly. Some populations of polar bears are forced to depend on their stored fat for energy during summer due to melting of the sea ice, which prevents them from hunting more efficiently. Being forced to rely on stored fat leads to a decline in energy intake, which leads to a decline in body mass. A decline in body mass correlates with slower reproductive rates and decreasing survival rates, which effects the growth and genetic diversity of the population. The increased amount of open water in between sea ice causes the polar bears to swim for greater lengths and therefore makes it more difficult for female polar bears to find proper dens for reproducing and protecting their offspring (Derocher and Stirling, 2012). The rate at which the sea ice declines is projected to accelerate over time (Derocher and Stirling, 2012), which means we will soon reach a year when severe malnutrition will lead to an irreversible decrease of polar bear populations (Aars et

 The polar bear has to be able to stay warm in the harsh winter cold. In fact sometimes because they have such thick fur they have to lay down on the snow to cool off so the harsh cold isnt even enough to keep them up to tempreture.

Costa, D. P. and Kooyman, G. L. (1982). Oxygen consumption, thermoregulation, and the effect of fur oiling and washing on the sea otter,Enhydra lutris. Can. J. Zool. 60,2761 -2767.

I have a thick layer of blubber under my skin to keep me warm. Just in case if you were wondering, I am a warm-blooded mammal. As a polar bear, you live a very solitary life. When we were around two an a half years old, our mother abandoned us. But it's okay though, because she already taught

The best type of insulation for an animal needs to retain heat in the artic would be the combination of blubber and fur. With two layers of protection against the bitter cold, it would only make sense that this would be the most effective method over fur or blubber alone. Our lab results also coincided with this idea with the lowest amount of heat lost during the 20-minute duration was from the fur and blubber combination. At the end of the experiment was four degrees Celsius warmer than the fur alone, two degrees warmer then the blubber alone, and eight degrees warmer then the control.

Polar bears are the most known animals for the impacts of climate change on species. Global warming has been most prominent in the Arctic, and this trend is expected to continue. Their dependence on sea ice makes them highly vulnerable to a changing climate. Polar bears greatly rely on the sea ice environment for traveling, hunting, mating, resting, and in some areas, maternal dens (WWF). Specifically, they depend heavily on sea ice-dependent prey such as seals. Additionally, their long generation time and low reproductive rate may limit their ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Every time people breathe or burn something, oxygen in the air is converted to carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is used by plants to breathe and is converted back to oxygen, creating a cycle. If there is an increase in oxygen burning, for example, burning a lot of coal or oil to generate electricity or run cars, and cut down trees, the amount of carbon dioxide in the air is increased. This makes the air thicker and warms up the earth. The amount of warming is only a few degrees but it is enough to disturb the fragile balance of nature, which in turn will melt the polar ice, raise sea levels, cause violent hurricanes and endanger species such as polar bears. The polar bears are just one example of endangered animals because of the high demand of human need for energy which is acquired by burning fossil fuels.