Metalloids: Exploring The Chronology Of The Iron Age

Lead was used by the Romans for water pipes, aqueducts, tank linings, and cooking pots. In the 21st century, lead remains a cornerstone of society. Ancient scientists used it in cosmetics, paints, pigments, and in lead-rich glazes. The chemical properties in lead is what makes it a thoroughly modern metal. Lead’s chemical symbol comes from the latin word for waterworks.

The Bronze Age is characterized by the use of bronze in tools and weaponry. Copper and tin are the raw materials for bronze. Tin ore was a limited natural resource and only occurred in certain areas; therefore some

The metals were placed into a clay crucible and then heated at a very high temperature inside a kiln containing a charcoal fire. Following the implementation of copper extraction, it was discovered that the process of combing metals gave them superiorities like strength, in bronze.

Copper is basic element with the sign on the periodic Cu. Copper is one of best conductors of all metals. It is second only to silver in its conductivity. “Its abundance tied the world together in telecommunication,” (Wojes par. 1); it has tied us together in communication because it is used in most electronic devices such as cell phones and televisions, allowing us to power them and communicate with each other almost instantly. It is also used in jewelery, architecture, and plumbing.

In 1200-800BC, since there were not any main empires that began to spread out and help with the process of cultural diffusion. Originally the Hittites were the only civilization with the knowledge to make and use iron weapons. When their empire was conquered the technology of iron slowly spread through cultural diffusion. Iron smiths traveled and took jobs in other civilization therefore spreading iron and its many uses. After the Hittites many other nations discovered iron and used the technology as a major advantage for them. Cultural Diffusion Throughout History To read more visit: Sargon

Silver is a soft, rare metal first mined almost 5,000 years ago in Turkey. Silver mining spread as humans left Africa and Europe. Spanish explorers, looking for gold, discovered New World silver deposits in 1492. Spanish mines in Peru, Bolivia and Mexico accounted for 85 percent of world silver production between 1500 and 1800. Silver deposits have since been discovered in Canada, the United States, Japan and Australia. While silver has industrial uses, its most notable use is in jewelry.

Iron was very important to the to the Anglo-Saxons. It proved to be very versatile in everyday life. Finding iron ore was a messy and time-consuming task that would have been done near the source of iron. The iron around this time period was obtained from deposits near the surface of bogs. The iron hunter had no breaks. He worked in all weather know matter what trying to find the iron ore.

Even though calcium has been known for thousands years it wasn’t purified and identified as an element until 1808 by Humphrey Davy of England. Calcium isn’t just used for making strong bones it’s also used to remove nonmetal from different metals mixes. Calcium compounds are most commonly found in sedimentary rocks such as limestone, chalk, and marbles where I carbonate minerals.

For example, Mercury was used in thermometers, barometers and diffusion pumps. It was also used in fluorescent light bulbs and batteries. Mercury is still used for dentistry purposes and also to extract gold. Mercuries amalgam is used to dissolve the gold and then separate them for distillation.

Iron has been here since the ancient Greece time no one knows who discovered this element. In fact, we still use this element to make structures steel, weapons, vehicles, anything that made of steel or iron. In Mesopotamia, there are evidence people that were smelting iron around 5000 BC. Artifacts made of smelted iron have been found dating from about 3000 BC in Egypt and Mesopotamia. In those times, iron was a ceremonial metal; it was too expensive to be used in everyday life.

Potassium was discovered in 1807, in england. It was discovered by Sir Humphry Davy, who was a chemist and an inventor. He discovered it through a process called electrolysis. Potassium was the first element discovered in

Iron was first found being used in about 5000 B.C. in Mesopotamia. But the Chinese started to use it in 1500 B.C. Iron revolutionised the ancient chinese warfare and created strong trade relationships.

It all began around 1850 when British discovered a method that produced in twenty minutes the same amount of steel previously produced in twenty-four hours. Due to the breakthrough in the steel industry, transportations became easier and cheaper than ever before. The rail system and the creation of steamship became way faster and it speeded up the development of the European nations. As the textbook mentioned, discovery of gold in California and Australia brought huge amount of the precious metals into Europe and eventually led to the early establishments of the modern banking system (Thomas,658).

At the time lead was primarily in use due to its association with silver, in a common lead mineral called galena, which could be extracted by burning the lead. Silver was a traded during 3000 BCE and galena was still a source. By 1600 BCE lead mining existed in Cyprus, Greece, and Sardinia.

Though steel was strong and better than iron, iron was more prevalent before the creation of the Bessemer’s Steel making process because of the price of steel was very high, around £40 and the use of Bessemer’s Steel making process lowered it down to around £6-7, this greatly helped increase