Metaphysical Emotionism : What Evidence Is There?

The ability to identify emotion and carry it out into one’s daily life is what defines an individual as human; if one lacks emotion, then the individual will become a robot of society. Emotion is defined as a natural instinctive state of mind deriving from one’s circumstances, mood, or relationships with others

Jennifer S. Lerner, author of Emotion and Decision Making, talks about how our emotions can actively affect our actions. In Lerner’s book, it states, “We start with emotions arising from the judgement or a choice at hand, a type of emotion that strongly and routinely shapes decision making.” Our emotions cause us to make certain decisions in our everyday lives. For example a person who is feeling nervous and anxious about a specific outcome of a risky situation may choose a more safe route. A person who admires an organization may donate money. In both cases, our the way we feel about something or someone determines how we address a situation and how we treat someone or something. In some way our emotions act as our conscience in each situation we go through that requires us to choose an outcome .

Attempts to define “emotion” have proved to be rather difficult. Instead of searching for a comprehensive definition, Gross (2011) describes the three core features of emotions. First, emotions occur when an individual decides that a situation is relevant to his or her goals. Second, emotions are multi-faceted, and involve both subjective and physiological experiences, as well as behaviors. The third feature involves the authoritative nature of emotions. They have the powerful ability to interrupt ongoing processes, assert their priority over other activities, and force their way into awareness. For example, some traditions describe emotions as “disorganized interruptions of mental activity” (Salovey & Mayer, 1989). Emotions are such an

In contrast,emotion is a strong feeling which is shown and connects to other factors such as a person’s circumstances, mood or relationships with others. However, individuals who interact with people and things as part of their daily lives, play a part in anybody’s emotional state, making them feel positively or negatively about that experience.

The passions such as Descartes understood them correspond roughly to the sentiments now called emotions, but there exist several important distinctions between the two. The principle of these is that passions, as is suggested by the word’s etymology, are by nature suffered and endured, and are therefore the result of an external cause acting upon a subject.[4] In contrast, modern psychology considers emotions to be a sensation which occurs inside a subject and therefore is produced by the subject

Moral emotions represent a key element of human moral apparatus influencing the link between moral standards and moral behavior. Different things can trigger such as a triad of negatively valenced, self-conscious emotions, shame, guilt, and anger. Like in the book Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. The moonster commits horrible acts just so people can hear him out. His nature is good and kind, but how society only views him by his external appearance which is grotesque.

(b) What is emotionism? What evidence is there in support of epistemic emotionism? Provide 2 examples and explain them. Is there evidence for metaphysical emotionism?

The second is the acknowledgements of neediness, with Stoic’s definition of emotion, “them both object-directed intentionality and a close relation to beliefs of a certain sort, beliefs that ascribe high importance to things and persons outside the self’s secure control” (p.64). Third is impartiality. Emotion might lead to prejudice. One such example is the 500 deaths out of 100,000 oversea voyages. People thinks that 500 dead people are a lot and they pity them because of emotion.

For decades, moral psychology had been heavily influenced by theories emphasising on the role of reason and emotion in making moral judgements. Moral reasoning was thought to be defined as a slow, conscious and deliberative mental process that involved effortful and controllable manipulation of given information to arrive to a judgement (Haidt, 2001). On the other hand, moral emotions involved an intuitive emotional process that occurs impulsively and effortless without the person having conscious awareness of the mental processes that led to the concluded judgement (Haidt, 2001).

A debate for emotion is whether or not the bodily arousal, behaviors, or conscious experiences cause the emotional behaviors or if it’s vice versa. Schachter and Singer believed that “an emotional experience requires a conscious interpretation of arousal: Our physical reactions and thoughts together create emotion.” (p. 461). This is called the Two-Factor Theory and it explains how physical arousal and cognitive appraisal weave together to create our emotions and how we act upon them. This means that when humans are presented with any type of situation, our body will react in a way that will trigger a memory of an identical situation or one similar to predict an interpretation, and those two combine to create our emotion regarding that affair. This is

As someone whose heart guides most of what I do, the role of feelings in ethics seemed very interesting to me. In the words of Jean Jacques Rousseau, “’what [we] feel is right is right, what [we] feel is wrong is wrong’” (Ruggiero 29). Rousseau’s argument implies an absence of an overarching moral regime (Ruggiero 29). As someone who is fascinated by the sciences, the reference to Carl Rogers’ study of humanistic psychology excited me. Rogers agrees with Rousseau that the true guiding principles come from our intuition and emotions (Ruggiero 29). Both scholars prioritize sensations and emotions over intellect (Ruggiero 29). I agree with Rousseau and Rogers because I find myself living my happiest life when I follow my initial thoughts and pursue

Emotion is the premise for this discussion. We see in chapter four of our text that emotion is one way of handling an argument. Moreover, the text gives different outlines for the aspects used in emotion. The

In this scenario, the moral judgements being passed about the person who is stealing stems from emotions that the viewer feels. Therefore, the sentimentalist would argue that your judgement of the person stealing was invoked by your emotions toward the action that is taking place. In addition to emotion, cognitivism is a purely cognitive theory that takes emotions to be composed of cognitive assessments of a situation, which they typically call a judgment. Cognitivism explains the rationality of emotions, because if emotions are just like judgments or beliefs, they can be assessed in the same way as judgements or

Myers was a professor of philosophy and the philosopher in residence at the American Dance Festival. He was an expert on a few of William James writing. Myers work was intended for a broader audience. After reading his journal article on James’s Emotion it was concluded that Myers was trying to get a vivid understanding by comparing and contrasting various theories definition of emotion and came up with the idea that James have taken “extraordinary liberties in doing philosophy, but he did talk about emotions and feelings in interesting ways”. Moreover, Myers’s work can be compare to Solomon’s since they both spent a great deal of time reviewing and comparing other theories work to James’s definition of emotion. Myers traced James career and

Chapter 1 explains the work of a Harvard psychologist named William James. William published the article “What is an Emotion?” in a philosophical journal entitled Mind in 1884. His paper is an argument for the primacy and necessity of bodily systems in producing emotional feelings. James-Lange theory states that physiological arousal instigates the experience of emotion. A Harvard physiologist, Walter Cannon, roundly criticized James’ theory, claiming that, according to the Cannon Bard theory, physiological changes follow emotional expression.