Methods Of The Collection Of Aerosols

The objective of this experiment is to separate a 50:50 mixture of benzoic acid and benzil by using macroscale extraction. In the experiment, organic solvent diethyl ether is used. After adding 1.0 gram of the 50:50 mixture of benzoic acid and benzil to a 25ml Erlenmeyer flask, diethyl ether was added to the flask to dissolve the mixture. Benzoic acid and benzil dissolve in diethyl ether. Once the mixture dissolved in

This experiment combined all the knowledge of the previous labs performed throughout the semester. An unknown mixture containing an organic acid or base and an organic neutral compound in nearly equal amounts needs to be separated to its separate components. An understanding of solubility, extraction, crystallization and vacuum filtration is necessary in order to

There are millions of different organic compounds. Most of them are found in mixtures and in order to achieve a pure form they need to be separated, isolated, and purified. However, there are endless numbers of possible mixtures, which make it impossible to have a pre-designed procedure for every mixture. So chemists often have to make their own procedures. The purpose of this experiment was to prepare the student to the real world by them designing their own procedure which will help them understand the techniques of separation and purification better. The goal was to extract two of the components of the

Abstract: One mixture of two unknown liquid compounds and one mixture of two unknown solid compounds were separated, isolated, purified, and characterized by boiling point. Two liquid unknowns were separated, isolated, and purified via simple distillation. Then, the process of an acid-base extraction and washing were used to separate two unknown compounds into two crude compounds: an organic acid and a neutral organic compound. Each crude compound was purified by recrystallization, resulting in a carboxylic acid (RCO2H) and a pure organic compound (RZ). The resulting mass of the pure carboxylic acid was 1.688g with a percent recovery of 31.80%, the boiling range was 244-245 °C, and its density was 2.0879g/mL. The resulting mass of the pure organic solid was 2.4902g with a percent recovery of 46.91%, the boiling range was 52.0-53.4°C, and its density was 1.5956 g/mL.

The objective of this extraction experiment was to achieve a comprehensive understanding, as well as master the practice, of the technique of separating various individual components of a compound.

A small beaker was placed under the arm of the distillation head to catch the distillate. Foil was wrapped around the neck of the round-bottomed flask and a wet paper towel was wrapped around the arm of the distillation head to create a condenser. The flask was heated gently so that the distillate dropped at a rate of two drops per minute. The temperature was recorded as every drop was collected. The distillation began at around 55.0 ℃. The distillation was stopped after 29 drops were collected to prevent the solution from being distilled to dryness. See attached data. The known boiling point of 1-butanol is 117.5 ℃ (Lemonds). The known boiling point of 1-propanol is 97 ℃ (Thiyagarajan). The known boiling point of acetone is 56 ℃ (Forss). The known boiling point of 2-butanone is 79.6 ℃ (Jiang). For unknown #3 the boiling point of the first substance seemed to be around 56 ℃ and the boiling point of the second substance seemed to be around 111 ℃. Therefore unknown #3 seemed to be a mixture of acetone and 1-butanol.

A pre-weighed (0.315g) mixture of Carboxylic acid, a phenol, and neutral substance was placed into a reaction tube (tube 1). tert-Butyl methyl ether (2ml) was added to the tube and the solid mixture was dissolved. Next, 1 ml of saturated NaHCO3 solution was added to the tube and the contents were mixed separating the contents into three layers. Once this was completed

The purpose of this experiment is to familiarize oneself with the general procedures determining a partition coefficient at the microscale level and learn in weighing milligram quantities of materials on an electronic balance, the use of automatic pipets, the use of transfer pipet, and the use of a vortex mixer. Also, to familiarize oneself with extraction

The separation of molecular particulates from any mixture may involve any combination of the relative chemical, electrostatic, and mechanical properties composing each component contained therein. Typically this mixture may exist as a liquid solution or gaseous species. The respective interactions of each particulate depend on the surrounding conditions to which the solution is subjected. A solvent is utilized to dissolute the mixture such that it may pass through a separation chamber that contains

Distillation is a method of separating two volatile chemicals on the basis of their differing boiling points. During this lab, students were given 30 mL of an unknown solution containing two colorless chemicals. Because the chemicals may have had a relatively close boiling point, we had to employ a fractional distillation over a simple distillation. By adding a fractionating column between the boiling flask and the condenser, we were able to separate the liquids more efficiently due to the fact that more volatile liquids tend to push towards the top of the fractionating column, thereby leaving the liquid with the lower boiling point towards the bottom. After obtaining the distillates, we utilized a gas chromatograph in order to analyze the volatile substances in the gas phase and determine their composition percentage of the initial solution. Overall, through this lab we were able to enhance our knowledge on the practical utilization of chemical theories, and thus also demonstrated technical fluency involving the equipment.

The purpose of this experiment was to use solvent extraction techniques in order to separate a mixture consisting of a carboxylic acid (p-toulic acid), a phenol (p-tert-butylphenol), and a neutral compound (acetanilide). Extraction is the process of selectively dissolving one or more of the compounds of a mixture into an appropriate solvent, the solution that contains these dissolved compounds is called an extract (Manion, 2004).

Aerosol hairspray does destroy the Ozone Layer. There are chemicals that are harmful to the ozone layer and are destroying the ozone layer. Plus, with all the people that use it on a day-to-day basis, it adds up a lot. I know that my mom uses it every day and she uses a lot, almost to where it fogs up her room. Here are reason why it destroys the ozone layer.

In this experiment were used three separation techniques: extraction, sublimation and recrystallization. During the first method, 0.70 g sample of salicylic acid-naphthalene mixture was dissolved in 10 ml of diethyl ether. The solution was placed in a separatory funnel and 10 ml of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added to it. After the initial gas was

PBX simulated wastewater before and after the ozone oxidation was extracted thrice with dichloromethane. The obtained dichloromethane extract was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then analyzed using an Agilent Technologies 7890A-5975C Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) (Agilent Technologies, America) for the final product analysis of gas phase system. Approximately 1.5 mL sample was heated from room temperature to 330 °C and kept at this temperature for 15 s. The chromatographic separation was performed using a 3 m 250 um 0.25 um HP-5MS elastic quartz capillary column with the following program: the initial temperature was 40 °C and increased to 100 °C at a rate of 5 °C/min, then further increased from 100 °C to 280 °C at a rate of 15 °C/min, from 280 °C to 330 °C at a rate of 30 °C/min. The mass data were obtained at the ion source temperature and the detector voltage of 230 °C and 70 eV, respectively. The mass scan ranged from 20 u to 500 u.

Particulate matter removal from the industrial flue gas sources is one of the biggest challenges of the modern industrialized period. Particulate matter is a mixture of both solid and liquid that is suspended in air and is normally emitted into the air by the direct source of emission [1]. Particulate matter is of various sizes but PM10 and PM2.5 are commonly used to explain the PM concentration in the air and is normally required to be reported as an air pollution control standard. Particulate matters (PM) causes various health-related problems if their level is not controlled in the air. In a joint report, prepared jointly by European Centre for Environment and Health and WHO [1], PM matter especially smaller PM2.5 causes serious health risks and as a result, it is noticed that the life expectancy in 25 European countries has decreased about 8.6 months. There are variety of equipment used to control the particulate matter in the emission sources such as settling chambers, wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, filters and cyclone separators. Cyclone separators are most widely used to remove the particulate matter from the pollution source because of their low capital and operating cost, and simplicity in operation, however, their low efficiency is one of the major challenges.