Methods Of Using Stratified Sampling Essay

According to statistical data found in the Bureau for Justice Records, there are a number of problems that most prisons in the country face. The records indicate that the number of adult federal and state inmates increased from `139% in `1980 to 260% (Walker, 1999). As a natural default, the United States of America has the highest incarceration rate in the world. This in itself brings about one of the major problems that are faced in modern incarceration which is overcrowding in most prison facilities. The number of offenders in the country has increased rapidly over time while the country prison system has not really been able to cope with this rapid increase. Prisons intended for one or two inmates are now crowded with more than fifty individuals. Because of this most prisons are overcrowded and most of the facilities available are unable to cater for the needs of all the prisoners (Siegel, 2009).

The criminal justice system has become an ad hoc medical and social service delivery institution with more than eight million offenders under correctional control. Offenders have more physical, substance-abuse disorders, social and psychological deficits than the general population. According to Estelle versus Gamble, correctional institutions are required to provide reasonable care for all offenders who are incarcerated. Other issues such as psychological and social services have become a burden. A recent survey of prison administrators sheds light on the capacity of offenders that needed medical, psychological, and social services for offenders. The survey also dissected the analysis of the organizational factors that may affect whether an

Corrections are an important part of the criminal justice system and they work in concert with law enforcement and the courts. Citizens in the United States expect criminals to be monitored, with some in secured facilities, so they will not fear of becoming continual victim of crime. To illustrate this expectation further, there are 2.5 million individuals on probation or parole and 1 million individuals in jails or prisons (Morris & Tonry, 2013, p. 370). However, does every individual confined in jails and prisons still need to be there or is there a better way to deal with certain special prison populations? Due to the large number of prisoners within the correctional system, certain special populations of inmates do not receive the rehabilitation or care needed to successfully reintegrate back into society. Additionally, these special populations create an undue burden on the correctional system in terms of financial costs associated with their confinement. There are changes that can be made to the criminal justice system to accommodate special populations of inmates. This paper will explore the alternative

In the 1970s and 1980s, a massive amount of inmates began fillin up the United States prison systems. This huge rate of growth in this short amount of time, has greatly contributed to the prison overcrowding that the United States faces today. In fact, the prisons are still filled to the seams. This enormous flood of inmates has made it practically impossible for prison officials to keep up with their facilities and supervise their inmates. One of the main reasons why many prisons have become overcrowded is because of states’ harsh criminal laws and parole practices (Cohen). “One in every 100 American adults is behind bars, the highest incarceration rate in the world” (Cohen). The amount of inmates in corrections systems, throughout the

A sample of inmates released during this period was drawn from a list obtained from the Florida Department of Correction, for a total sample of roughly 3,793 offenders. Careful attention was given to securing a representative sample from each offense group. The offenders chosen were released from public and private state prisons after expiration of their sentences. The centralized idea of this study was to determine the differentiation between public and private state prisons focusing on recidivism. I have chosen two cases that reflect on the central issue of this topic and how they are treated by the Courts which can hopefully shed some light on the research problem as it exists in present society. These cases are based on

Nearly, 5% of the world 's population is represented by the United who possesses 25% of the world 's prisoners (Liptak, 2008). Approximately 2.2 million prisoners are awaiting pre-trial and 1.6 million post-trial inmates are incarcerated in city, state, and federal prisons throughout the United States, equating to 756 per 100,000 people incarcerated (Carson & Golinelli, 2013; Exworthy et. al., 2012). Nearly 700,000 men and women are discharged from prison yearly (Mallik-Kane & Visher, 2008). Recidivism places a strain on the prison by means of over crowdedness and lack of funds. Recidivism is defined as repeated arrest or incarceration. A report, by the Bureau of Justice states that over 2/3 ex-felons were re-incarcerated within three years of previous conviction; eight out of ten suffers from chronic health conditions (James & Glaze, 2006). Mental illness in the United States criminal justice system is significantly prevalent. The Bureau of Justice and Statics report that approximately 73% of females and 55% of males are in state prisons, while 75% of females and 63% of males are in local jails (James & Glaze, 2006). Within this population, female inmates represent a large portion of those incarcerated in federal prisons diagnosed with mental

Glaze, L. E., & Kaeble, D. (2016). Correctional Populations in the United States, 2010 (NCJ 236319). Retrieved from https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpus10.pdf

The United States has more than 2.3 million prisoners housed in approximately 1,800 state and federal prisons (Ingraham, 2015). Each one of these has their own formal summary or mission statement that lists the goals and values of that institution. These institutions offer several different programs for prisoners, to include educational services and vocational training that is meant to help them reintegrate back into society once their sentence is complete. I will look at four different adult correctional systems in the United States and discuss their mission statements and the programs they offer.

The article outlines several factors that influence or have an impact on offender’s recidivism rates. An interesting fact is the number of adults who reside in the United States that are currently under some type of criminal justice oriented supervision. There are more than 2 million adults in the United States who are incarcerated and an additional excess of five more million adults who are currently on probation and parole (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2011). There were 125.9 million adults in the United States in 2014 (Wikipedia, 2018). The range of the number of adults who are incarcerated and the amount that is under some type of criminal justice supervision is 118,900,000.

American Prisons poorly represent our criminal justice system; due to not have clearly outlined goals associated for its offenders. Also, look at the cost to lock up and house this country’s offenders, it has increased significantly over the past few decades. With the two above stated issues, we have a huge problem in America. Other countries look at our justice system as though we have got it figured out and, we may have a better idea of Justice than most countries, because, well we are no longer chopping off hands for stealing anymore. While there are some prisons that are too harsh, there are some that make life way too easy. Therefore, we must create a baseline for all prisons in this country. In order to decrease the percentages of repeat offenders and expedite the out-processing of small time criminals, American prisons are in dire need of help, especially

These participants were measured within general population for their history and background of disabilities and crime, and, in an unsystematic way, assigned to function as guards and inmates. Prior to moving forward with the operation, the result was estimated that the assignment of these roles may possibly result in significantly contrasting reactions and interactions toward themselves, as well as the ability to cope and adapt to the environment. The guards were given freedom, within reason, and the inmates were confined to restrictions that created the prison mentality. Over the course of one week, each individual was observed, interviewed, and recorded using video and audio. The inmates were to remain in the mock prison for 24-hours per day and the guards on eight-hour shifts, and could leave after their shift was complete.

The article I chose for a research study that examined attitudes that inmates have toward mental health treatment. The study consisted of the utilization of mental health, and the effectiveness and maximum effectiveness of the treatment. The Kansas Department of corrections used 278 volunteers who were incarcerated adult male offenders. The inmate attitudes towards treatment were having an effect on the number of treatment sessions and the dosage that the inmate received which was indicated by the multiple linear regression. An inmate who indicated positive attitudes seeking help were associated with institutional behavior which was the hierarchical linear regression analysis. The behavior decreased and also the disciplinary infraction declined

Bishop, G.F., Hippler, H.J., Schwarz, N., Strack F. 1988. A comparison of response effects in self-administered and telephone surveys. In

The study was designed as a repeated measures study where respondents’ perceptions were collected by

Study procedures were approved by Dr. Glen Martin, of Webster University Review Board. The survey was conducted at a