Methods to Counter Terrorism

(2) having knowledge of any other lawful order issued by any member of the armed forces, which it is his duty to obey, fails to obey the order; or

The word terrorism came during the French revolution of the late 1700’s to describe efforts by the revolutionary government to impose its will through widespread violence. It became defined as a “system or rule of terror.” However, the repression of populations by their own governments is usually not included in the modern definition of terrorism. (Homeland Security 260)

The next function of force according to Art is deterrence. This serves to prevent the enemy from doing something that one doesn’t want him to do and that he might otherwise be tempted to do by threatening him with unacceptable punishment if he does. In essence this is the threat of retaliation for deviating from one’s requests. The effectiveness of the threat depends upon the states’ credibility for carrying out the threat, and the United States being the superpower that it is, had all the credibility needed to have the full attention of the Iraqi leader. This is why Hussein complied with the UN in 2002 with the Security Council Resolution 1441. This act demanded that Iraq re-admit weapons inspectors and comply with previous resolutions it has ignored since the 1990s. Even after the U.N. inspector Hans Blix reported that there was no

This chapter fundamentally describes that terrorism was not a new phenomenon it has been around for centuries, which indicates that there is nothing new about the act of terrorism. The first recorded mention of the word terrorism dates back to the French revolution. In the early of the eighteen century, a group known by the named of Thugees were the most brutal and feared terrorist organization of their time. As the word spread of the threat posed by the Thugees, civilians stopped traveling with strangers for fear of being kidnapped, among other things. The Thugees group were said to have kidnapped and murdered about one million people during their existence. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, attention turned to anarchists, as they were partially responsible for the killing of the Tsar of the Russia and the President of the United Sates. Anarchists also played a big role in the start of the First World War.

Terrorism is difficult to define because it has different meanings as time has changed. Terrorism is said to be a social construct which is the way different people view social and political realities. I could only imagine what the word “terrorism” was defined as in early eighteenth-century. As is states in the 8th edition of the book Terrorism and Homeland Security, “Some scholars have opted for a single definition stating that terrorism is an act or threatened act of violence against innocent people for political purposes (Laqueur, 1987, 1999). Terrorism will never have a single definition.

Terrorism can be traced back nearly 50,000 years, to the onset of human existence. It has affected every culture, and every gender. Ranging from the Egyptians and the pharos, to the Greek kings.

As with any law, there are always exceptions to the rule and in this particular circumstance there are two. The use of force can be justified under the laws of inter-state force if:

Since the September 2011 terrorist attack on the US homeland that claimed innocent civilians, the US and its allies have been actively trying to eliminate these terrorists. On their part, these terrorists have continuously evolved their tactics and their organizational structure in order to evade being captured or killed. In order to effectively fight them, the US must adopt a bold warfare strategy that is agile, precise and sustainable. The strategy must limit the loss of lives – both for the local civilians as well as US personnel – and at a lower cost to US tax payers.

Terrorism contains a negative connotation in which it has left dreary scares and horrific cases of violence amongst multiple countries, such as the United States of America. The universal interpretation of terrorism reflects amongst the terrorists as a whole; nevertheless, the ideology of terrorism stems from the idea of rebellion and disregarding the effects of their own actions in order to carry out terrorist’s wrongful activities. These groups of rebels’ main goal varies from group to group; in most cases, terrorist groups’ main objective was to establishing a sense of dominance, power, and government's destruction. Having a militant mindset, restoring peace and liberty would be their least concern. Not only does historians want to understand why terrorist groups target the United States, but as well as how they are attacking and killing thousands of innocent U.S citizens. In facts, according to the National Security Research Division (RAND) Database of Worldwide Terrorism Incidents, the common trends of attacks usually lead historians and U.S officials to pinpointing the top three places: businesses, diplomatic offices, and military institutions. Most specifically, the top three tactics against the United States are bombings, armed attacks, and kidnappings. According to the United States Department of Defense, terrorism was interpreted as "the...use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear...intended to...intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological."

Beginning as a tactic to counteract the effects of the French Revolution, terrorism has evolved into the “unofficial or unauthorized use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims” (OED). What distinguishes terrorism from other forms of political violence is that it is specifically aimed at eliciting a reaction from the government through psychologically affecting the public. Oftentimes, nations attempt to minimize terrorism by increasing the degree of power held by the governing institutions. However, democratic societies must retain the freedom to criticize and hold the government accountable. The government should not enhance its authority for the sake of arbitrary control but should use its power in

Terrorism is the greatest threat to humanity. Terrorism is political violence in an asymmetrical conflict designed to raise fear and psychological fear through violent victimization and the destruction of non-combatant objectives. These actions are intended to send a message from an illegal organization. The purpose of terrorism is to exploit the media to maximize possible publicity as an amplifier of amplification power in order to influence the target audience in order to achieve the desired short and /or medium-term or long-term goals. They do not know friends and do not know the rules. The problem of terrorism is closely linked to the main areas of life in the

The term terrorism is not new to the world as to date back many incidences are tied to our history that highlight the terror and rage. However, it first got attention back in the eighteenth century during the presidency of Ronald Reagan (Cutter 2014). Later the attack of 9/11 in New York shook the world, and the term got highly contentious afterwards. The concern regarding terrorism now focuses cover the underlying aim of the violence while saving the innocent lives from the vulnerability of loss of their lives (Horgan 2017, 199). This term can be considered as a strategy or tactic, more precisely a crime and a holy duty by reacting to the atrocity and repression.

Terrorism is a constant issue all over the globe. There is no country free of it’s influence. Terrorist often use threats to scare the public, get publicity for their causes, and show people that no one can stop terrorism… not even the government. By definition, terrorism is, “the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion” (Merriam-Webster). The act of terrorism is stupid and unnecessary, but it is extremely common in today’s world so it is important to be educated and understand it.

The word terrorism has popped up more and more times spreading through America like a virus, but this is no ordinary virus. This word is used to change the lives of one cultural and to put fear in others throughout the world. The word can create chaos while forming an emotion aroused in impeding danger and points the finger of all America’s causes to the Muslims. The meaning of terrorism has bent the structures on what the word has stood for and what the word means to our civilization.

Terrorism iscertainly not innovative and despite the fact it has been documented throughout history, it is moderately difficult to define what terrorism is. When discussing terrorism, it is publicly implied as either utilizing or threatingthe brutality in order to supplement a political cause, which can be confusing as there isn’t a universally approved definition towards terrorism. For instance, the Global Terrorism Index hasanalysed that 64,000 people were killed by specific enactments of terrorism throughout 2002 and 2011. This is an interpretation of how terrorism has become one of the exceedingly political problems throughout the previous half century. There are a variety of law enforcement, researchers and policy makers who have so far been unsuccessful to institute of defining terrorism this is why I will examine the difficulties that come towards defining terrorism.