Microbial Diversity And Bioremediation Of Toxic Heavy Metals From Ash Dyke Of Power Plants Of Chhattisgarh

Coal ash is a byproduct of burning coal in power plants and is composed mainly of aluminum and silicon oxides. This ash is commonly stored away in dump sites, only to leach out solutions of concentrated toxic heavy metals. Such issues are detrimental to the health of water systems, posing both a human and environmental health risk. However, there are solutions to this problem. Coal ash possesses unique chemical properties that allow for the remediation of other environmental concerns, such as the treatment of soil polluted with heavy metals, the removal of nutrients from wastewater, and the remediation of acid mine drainage in streams.

Coal ash also contains selenium which is already needed in our body, but excess amounts can lead to impaired vision, paralysis, and even death. The ash contains a lot of lead, exposure to lead can cause numerous issues in your brain affecting your nervous system and can cause brain swelling. Arsenic which is found in the ash can be harmful, if ingested it can lead to nervous system damage and cardiovascular issues. If arsenic that is found in the ash is absorbed through the skin can cause skin cancer. Coal ash contain boron also can cause damage to the intestines and even death. The EPA is responsible for protecting the environment from these types of spills, but in the case of properly disposing the ash the EPA ruled that coal ash was classified as a non-hazardous material leaving it up to the companies to dispose of it as they want

To ensure that the Animas River returns to its original state and the drainage from the Gold King Mine is cleaned up, we believe that a high density sludge process should be used. We believe the most effective high density sludge process is the health steele process. This process works by first mixing the sludge with lime in a tank so that the water can return to it’s original ph. Once the water reaches a safe ph for drinking, it reaches the lime reactor where air is added to ensure the water doesn’t change when exposed to air. Once the water leaves the lime reactor it is transported to the floc tank, where the remaining contaminated particles are removed from the drinking water. The final step is when the water reaches the clarifier and is sent back out to the river, as a healthy drinking water.

The main pollutant of surface water in the mid-Atlantic region is Acid Mine Drainage, AMD, also called Abandoned Mine Drainage. AMD is a nonpoint source pollution that has degraded more than 4,500 stream miles, in just the mid-Atlantic region, due to the drainage of metal-rich water from mining activities (Jacobs). The runoff is extremely acidic due to the exposure of pyrite containing rocks, a sulfur bearing mineral (FeS2), during mining activities, and the chemical reactions associated with the contact of air and water with such rocks. As a result of such chemical reactions, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is produced. Several chemical reactions take place and are as follows:

From the data given of the measured amounts of cadmium given at each stations along Cruddy Creek, there were extremely higher concentration levels, 430 mg/kg dry weight total of cadmium from stations F, G, and H, upstream in comparison to a total combined amount of 315mg/kg dry weight of cadmium from stations A, B, C, D, E, and the reference sites. Thus, the following locations have been identified as potential sources responsible for the distribution of cadmium into Cruddy Creek; Atlas Batteries, Metal Plater, and Pacific Coal & Electric power plant due to their relevant histories and proximities to the increased amounts of cadmium.

All around the world, countries are fighting to keep their drinking water clean. Whether it’s streams, rivers, or lakes, countries have taken great measures to maintain high quality drinking water for both human consumption and animal consumption. Countries must first understand the sources of the polltion, then determine the best methods to eliminate the pollution. Clean drinking water is a valuable resource and a the key to human survival. Plants and animals also depend on water for their growth, so all water must be kept clean. The major contributors to water pollution can be classified in three categories, industrial, agricultural and municipal.

Waste produced by coal power plants includes arsenic, mercury, chromium, and cadmium and if not disposed properly, is responsible for contaminating drinking water supplies, causing damage to the vital human organs and the nervous system

Fly ash is recognized as a hazardous material to living organisms. During combustion of coal at very high temperature, heavy metals present in coal emitted into the atmosphere with flue gas, and they can also be reabsorbed onto particle matters and pooled there (Yuan, 2009). Different leaching methods give the information about the elements present in fly ash (Nerin, 1992; Andres, 1996). Due to the huge amount produced and the great amount of toxic chemical compounds, the disposal or storage of fly ash from coal power plants can pose a significant environmental problem (Herck, 2000). Fly ash contains several toxic elements, such as lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and arsenic (As) that may leach out and contaminate

Ground water forms a large percent of all the used water on the earth. And as it cannot be seen, it is usually overlooked or ignore when considering all the water on the earth. Since aquifer is valuable source, protecting it form pollution and managing its use carefully will guarantee its future as an important part of eco-system and human activity. Recently, industrial applications of toxic heavy metals have caused dangerous environmental problems. This essay will show the effect of aquifer polluted by some contaminants such as Cr (III), Fe(III), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) or radioactive materials on people, plants and animals. In addition, it will demonstrate the best treatment and preventative methods. Furthermore, it will argue that the pretreatment of industrial wastes is the best way to prevent the pollution in ground water.

According to the Environmental Protection Agency, coal ash is defined as “waste produced primarily from the burning of coal in coal-fired power plants. Coal ash includes a number of by-products produced from burning coal” (Coal Ash Basics (EPA), 2015). This coal ash can either be stored in a dry state or put into basins and mixed with water and held in a coal ash pond. The issue lies with the storing of the ash in the basins as a water mixture. Coal ash contains heavy metals such as arsenic and lead (Palmer, 2014), which when stored in an unlined basin can potentially contaminate ground water used in wells.

Moss samples at both sites generally follow the pattern of elements found in the corresponding soils. At Bwlch mine, the highest concentrations of Pb, Zn and Mg were all found at site 7, next to the mine building, on areas of fine grained tailings. The concentration of Pb in particular shows that some of the more immobile toxic elements are bioavailable to plants.

Coal slurry (a mix of rock and coal products left over after the mined coal has been treated for use as a fuel) is a severe environmental problem around coal mines. The slurry itself is a semi-liquid, and is generally stored in a pond or small lake near the mine exit. The slurry contains a whole host of nasty chemicals, mostly benzene relatives and derivatives, and is categorized as low-level toxic waste. Storing is a significant problem, as it has a tendency to leech into the local environment, contaminating groundwater and nearby croplands. The major problem is that the volume of coal slurry is quite high, relative to the amount of usable coal produced.

I’d like to provide another resource about how hazardous coal ash is to water and health. It provides additional information about coal ash and its problems. Most coal ash comes from coal-fired electric power plants. Actually, burning coal releases the greenhouse gasses that affect global climate. Moreover, Processing coal and transporting coal to the power plants adds

The largest source of contamination is runoff from land. Toxic runoff can be sewage, rainwater flowing over exposed topsoil, flooding or agricultural runoff. Rain can cause runoff of chemicals or waste that can seep into creeks, rivers and other waterways that lead to the ocean. Some of the chemicals found could be antibiotics or waste from animals, pesticides from crops or from pollutants, originating in the air, which have settled on land and washed away. Unless a solution to pollution runoff is found, this type of contamination will continue indefinitely and contribute to the deterioration of the ecosystem in the

Heavy metal distribution in sediments around Kallur Mandli and Sagar road Industial estate Shimoga, Karnataka, India.