Microeconomics/Macroeconomics Chapter 1 Questions and Answers

Ten Principles of Economics Thinking Like an Economist Interdependence and the Gains from Trade The study of economics is guided by a few big ideas. Economists view the world as both scientists and policymakers. The theory of comparative advantage explains how people benefit from economic interdependence.

Kahneman’s article is an analysis of intuitive thinking and how it guides our decision-making. Although primarily aimed at the field of psychology, it is an interdisciplinary article with applications in economic theorising. Kahneman attempts to differentiate between two systems of thought, one of intuition (system 1) and one of reasoning (system 2), and argues that many judgements and choices are made intuitively, rather than with reason (a slower and more deliberate process). Intuitive decision making, which encompasses heuristics, although generally more efficient and rapid, makes the agent potentially subject to errors due to framing effects or violations of dominance. The analysis of the studies and theoretical situations also provides criticism of the commonly held model of the rational agent within economics. The article also further conceptualises Kahneman’s theory, the Prospect Theory (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979), which has descriptive applications of people’s choice in decision-making situations involving risk and known probability of outcomes. These situations are typically unexplained by the more normative rational agent model.

As long as the marginal benefit of an activity exceeds the marginal cost, people are better off doing more of it. But as soon as the marginal cost exceeds the marginal benefit, they suddenly become better off doing less of that specific activity. This can be used when deciding how many employees a company should have. To produce the profit-maximizing level of output and hire the optimal number of workers, and other resources, producers must compare the marginal benefits and marginal costs of producing a little more with the marginal benefits and marginal costs of producing a little less. You can decide how many workers to hire for a profit-maximizing car company by

This course provides students with the basic theories, concepts, terminology, and uses of microeconomics. Students learn practical applications for microeconomics in their personal and professional lives through assimilation of fundamental concepts and analysis of actual economic events.

2. The key economic concept that serves as the basis for the study of economics is:

Decisions will be made by using the concepts of marginal costs and marginal revenue to maximize profit. A mix of pricing and non-pricing strategies will be

The third principle of individual economic decision-making relates to marginal decision-making. Rational people will think at the marginal level, making small changes or tweaks in their plans to achieve the desired objective. Rational people normally have a certain system or method he/she uses to achieve their objective and they understand that sometimes small changes must be made to accomplish this.

Dear Mr. Peter Politico, Hello I am Kim Billiot, I have been hired as your economics advisor to help you further understand the concepts and give guidance on economics and provide you with knowledge resource that will help you for your debate. Detail below explain the term of economics and have been broken down to further explain each concept and explanation to why these events occur. Good luck on your debate and if you should need any further assistance I am happy to oblige.

Economists have often modelled human decision makers as completely rational. According to this model, rational people know their own preferences, gather and accurately process all relevant information, and then make rational choices that advance their own interests. However, Herbert Simon won a Nobel Prize in economics by pointing out that people are rational, but only boundedly so in that they seldom gather all available information, they often do not accurately process the information

Macroeconomics is the study of the behavior of an economy at the aggregate level. Macroeconomics considers the industrial sector, the services sector or the farm sector, but not specific parts of any of these sectors. The factor studies might include inflation, unemployment, and industrial production, often with the focus the effect of government policy on these factors.

| If the minimum expected regret is computed, it indicates to a decision-maker the expected:Answer

Prospect theory is an important alternative descriptive theory for decision-making under unreliable situation (Kahneman and Tversky 1979), which includes real life selection and psychological analysis between choices that involve risk. Prospect theory, which efforts to explain individual make decisions between risky replacements based on the value of potential gains and losses (Wakker 2010), advanced from expected utility theory, which explains that investors want to maximize expected utility of wealth when unclearly situations (Blavatskyy 2007). According to Kahneman and Tversky (1992), more recent researches perceived nonlinear preferences in choices that do not involve definite events in prospective theory. The concept of framing effect refers description invariances (Kahneman and Tversky 1992). To be specific, individual always makes the same decision in identical choice conditions. Also, decision makers have tendency to

Opportunity cost is the value of next best option. Giving up one thing to do something else.

This assessment will be an analysis of graphed data and changes in supply and demand for three economic problems. Problem A involves production possibilities for consumer and capital goods, problem B is an evaluation of changes in supply and demand equilibrium, and finally, problem C involves pricing with relevance to supply and demand. Successful completion of this assessment demonstrates proficiency in; applying theories, models, and practices of economic theory, analyzing solutions with support from relevant data, resources, references, and economic principles, analyzing graphed and circular

Applying the utility theory seems a rational choice as it can reflect the decision maker’s attitude toward risk. Still problems arise when the decision is made by more than one person. Based on their experiences within General Motors, Michael W. Kusnic and Daniel Owen have found that when there were more than one decision makers, it was less