Microsoft in India and China - Tce

On the other hand, knowledge of the political and legal environment of China will be fundamental. Information on their laws and regulations, such as foreign trade policies, product standards, tax laws and requirements, trade barriers, labor laws, etc. are extremely important when assessing China as a potential market for our company. Finally, a thorough research on China’s market conditions, such as potential competitors, market trends, market opportunities and threats, potential risks, unique market characteristics, etc. will be necessary to obtained a complete evaluation of the country before entering the market.

According to the Department of Justice, Microsoft used its resources and technology to drive other companies out of business, thereby eliminating the competition and creating a monopoly. Without competition, Microsoft was able to set prices and consumer conditions in a way that exceedingly benefited the company while ensuring a decreased amount of new competition because of the proprietary software installed in most PCs. (Competitive Processes, Anticompetitive Practices and Consumer Harm in the Software

Microsoft has developed into an inescapable force within the technological field. Coming from a delayed humble beginning, it has had to devote large sums of money to approach the levels of the founding technological companies. Today, Microsoft controls the market in computer software. How they have achieved this status is what some have come to question. Through “bundling” software programs, manipulating other computer companies, and packaging deals with personal computers, Microsoft has managed to eradicate nearly all competitors in the computer software market (Love, 1997). This near monopoly affects the entire spectrum of classes, including the consumer, other networking providers,

The government has been looking into Microsoft since 1990, when the Federal Trade Commission first started examining charges of monopolistic behavior. In 1995, Microsoft and the U.S. Justice Department reached a settlement that required the company to change a variety of business practices, including key aspects of its licensing agreements with personal computer makers (2).

The legal system is another issue to be considered when doing business in China because it is still viewed as being in a developing stage. Contracts, for example, are highly influenced by this difference. In the Chinese culture, contracts describe how relationships will be developed whereas in the United States, the contract is a binding agreement that spells out the specific terms, conditions and expectations from each party involved. As Company X pursues the possibility of expanding business to China, it must understand that the Chinese business culture does not place as much emphasis on the binding force of a written contract.

Commencing in 1990, Microsoft was investigated and then charged with violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act which governs United States businesses. The company was determined to be a monopoly, and one which used anti-competitive practices to keep its leading edge on the market. As would most any organization on the receiving end of the allegations, Microsoft did not agree with the charges and sought to defend its business

This process has more significance in most countries except the Unites States. The approach in the U.S. is to get down to business straight away without wasting too much time on people. This is in stark contrast to the process in China where the focus is on building “Guanxi”, that is, the intricate and omnipresent network of personal relations. The U.S. approach can be a huge problem when doing business with China. The American efficiency interferes with the patient development of a mutually trusting relationship – the very basis of an Asian business agreement. This is what happened in the case study. Mr. Smith had done his research and was aware about the Chinese business methodology, but he did not think it was important to implement it. He was well advised by Mr. Tang. Mr. Tang, even though pointed out the significant features of the “American” and the “Chinese” way of doing business, did not stress enough to make Mr. Smith understand its significance. Mr. Tang also jeopardized his relationship with Mrs. Ming whom he had known for many years by not disclosing that the supplier was not a direct supplier.

They used to always complaints how the bill was never consistent. I felt really bad for them. Whenever we receive the monthly telephone bill you can feel this tension in my house. I wouldn’t dare use the phone during the month when the bill exceeds $500 or more. I think everything have changed for the better. The antitrust law pressed the issue with ATT’s monopoly ways to invent the baby bells. This behavior is not as complex to the U.S, but it has taken the country widespread all over the world community and each country has its own challenges. China had filled an investigation against Microsoft the computer for its monopolistic behavior. The authorities said that Microsoft Windows operating system was not conducting business the way China thought their product were being handled properly. Microsoft violated China’s antimonopoly law by packaging and sold their products the wrong way. The law suited stated that Microsoft was charging a fixed rate which made it unreasonable to go into business. Eventually that will cause the company to lose billions of dollar in profit both business and the

The Sherman Antitrust act of 1890, along with other laws passed by congress, was put in place to regulate companies from engaging in anticompetitive practices. However, in 1998 Microsoft was the subject of an investigation initiated by the Justice department. In their charges the Department of Justice accused Microsoft of engaging in monopolistic activity. The purpose of my report is to examine what led to the investigation. Furthermore, I will explain the judgment in the case. Finally, I will analyze the present state of Microsoft. In order to understand this subject I will explain the current laws against monopolies in the United States. Then I will describe the events of the investigation and judgment of Microsoft.

There are several factors that are important to examine in the Microsoft-Nokia negotiation. The first factor is that this was a cross-cultural negotiation because Microsoft is an American company, while Nokia is a Finnish company. Both countries have very different values, so it was extremely important for representatives from both companies to understand each other’s cultures before the negotiations began.

had to buy, Microsoft also would sing contracts with the vendors for long periods of time

Microsoft had to split their operating system company from the rest of their organization. Another action Microsoft took was its relations with Java. They licensed a version of Java that worked mainly with windows where they tried to drive out the competitors and in later years they didn’t even allow Java to work with Windows XP (Rivkin 4). Microsoft tried to basically kill Java and with this the producers of Java sued Microsoft. Last, Microsoft took actions toward their competition in open-source software: Lunix. Microsoft responded by opening up into own server OS code like Lunix did. They actually sold stripped-down versions of the code to emerging economies and they also set up a lab that’s sole purpose was to find competitive weaknesses in the Lunix OS (Rivkin 5).

Weakness: First, the most important issue in China is “Localization.” There are some services or products are useless in the Chinese market. For instance, most Chinese people don’t have

This paper aims to explore the cultural barriers that GM encounters while doing business in China especially in terms of language and Asian mind difference. As a matter of fact, we cannot examine all the cultural barriers due to the scope of the paper. On the other hand, some differences emerging from different thinking behavior between US and China are exemplified in the second part of the paper. In the first part, the company information and the SWOT analysis of GM are given before going further with the Asian operations of the company.

Political & Legal environment: The political system of a country is an important part of a companies marco-environment. ‘Who governs the country?’ ‘What does the government follow?’ and ‘What legal regulations follow from these policies?’. The most important factors a company is subject to are policy uncertainty, macro instability, and tax rates. Considering China is a country in transition all of the above factors are subject to change, to a degree substantially larger than it is in stable developed countries. We have recently seen changes happening in China on all of the above factors. One example is the new regulations regarding copying, which turned out in favor of Starbucks. However, what will happen in the (near) future is hard to tell. Whatever happens though, Starbucks will be subject to the consequences, whether positive or negative.