Mid Tudor Crisis

During the years of 1547-1553 England experienced a handful of serious rebellions during the six-year reign of

Tudor governments were relatively successful in dealing with the problem of rebellion, although this was more effective towards the end of the period than at the beginning shown through the decline in rebellion after 1549: only 5 English rebellions occurred as opposed to 10 before 1549. Over the course of the Tudor period the main aims of rebellions were only fully achieved in the rebellions of 1525, the Amicable Grant and 1553. In addition to this the reforms made to local government, policies directly implemented by central government and the effects of trials and retribution, such as Henry VII’s concessions made to the late 15th century pretenders, Lambert

One cause was the relationship between Charles and his parliament. Charles believed in an absolute monarchy. He saw kingship as his divine right, that going against him was going against the will of god. This inevitably caused friction between him and parliament, who wanted to impose financial guidelines. Upon requesting tonnage and poundage, a source of income based on custom dues, he was granted it only on an annual basis, as opposed to the customary life. This shows us Charles was not given free control over his sources of income, contradicting his belief

Popular protest and rebellion show that subordinate members of society were unhappy with how society was based around class. Rebellions and protests were an outlet for class based frustrations. There was a fear that the crown, which was positioned in a high level on the Great Chain of Being, would make life harder for the commoners for its own benefit. For example, in 1536 Adam Fermour in Waldron in Essex had a fear that if a man should pass away, the crown would allow his wife and children to starve or turn to beginning to survive. Fears such as this one were shared within in labouring class between 1530 and 1550. These fears further antagonised local grievances and made it more likely for people to join rebellions. The rebellions of 1549 show this frustration with the class based system as John Guy describes the situation as being ‘the closest thing Tudor England saw to a class war’.

Cromwell was born during the tail end of the Elizabeth’s reign. With the reestablishment of Protestantism, the disarmament of the nobility, avoidance of religious wars, and no danger of a feudal revolt, England was poised in an unusual period of peace. The English victory over the formidable Spanish Armada had secured the nation’s independence and simultaneously removed any fears about radical anti-Catholic Puritan revolt. However, troubles brewed on the horizon. Britain’s citizens were exhausted from their lengthy war with Spain and there had been a string of poor harvests and famine. So while theirs was a time of diplomatic peace, English men were getting desperate and increasingly uncertain as Elizabeth’s death approached. All of the tension culminated in the Earl of Essex’s revolt in 1601. With the revolt easily crushed by royal forces,

England was experiencing arising conflict in its country in large part from religious conflict between different types of Protestants and factors including financial problems Charles I experienced as King. England was a Protestant country and when Charles I started implementing changes to the church, many got upset and fears he was turning the nation to Catholicism. Charles I also didn't spend his money wisely, just like his father, and found himself in the need to find more money in different ways. With Charles looking for money, he upset many people. England’s civil war in 1642 arose in large part due to differences in religious attitudes, the authority of the King and the lack of money he had for England.

The era of 1621 to 1653 showcases the introduction of the Caroline era, as it neared the end of James I’s reign, and extends to the proclamation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector - following the downfall and defeat of the monarchy. As it primarily focuses on Charles I’s rule, his incapability to conduct pragmatic and decisive action as well as a general incapability to be flexible with his ideology in order to suit that of those around him, it is arguable that the ruler’s action - within the aforementioned time frame - is much more detrimental to the repetitive failure of parliament rather than the MPs; although it can be argued that both sides tended to “push limits” in order to insists their own ideologies.

The English renaissance was specific in its distraction with religion and the place of man in association with God. Britain had experienced a particularly a laden period in its religious feelings with Henry VIII having taken the nation through the reconstruction, the nation having gone from being Catholic to getting to be plainly Protestant, disciples of the recently framed Church of England. Some may guarantee that the King James Bible and Cranmer's Book of Common Prayer remain as specific cases of English renaissance talk that should have been significantly persuasive upon English Literature of the period. For quality, expository virtuoso, passionate intricacy, profundity, and assortment, the stories of the English Renaissance is unparalleled.

The War of the Roses was a civil war between the House of York and the House of Lancaster. This civil war impacted the whole country of England from the rule of that the English government had over England and the affects in religion that occurred. The War of the Roses had a huge impact on how England would continue to operate, in fact its ending marked the beginning of the English reformation. This essay will argue how The War of the Roses can be looked at as being significant primarily for its aftermath that not only caused a change in government and changes in religion, but altered the way England would operate by bringing an end to the middle ages.

These problems had some political, rather than strictly economic origins - the decline in revenue from direct taxation, from its peak at 1100 sterlings in 1360 to as low as 100 sterlings during the 1400s was not necessarily due to a lack of means to pay taxes, but a waning political will and interest . During this time, the parliament and convocations blocked proposed direct taxes, thus leaving the poorer towns under a heavy tax quota and leaving wealthier parts of society relatively untouched-of the poorer populations, the town of Beverley had, for instance, made a protest addressed to its provost in 1435 opposing the payment of 200 marks . Following the death of Henry V in 1422, the English parliament’s financial contributions to the war ceased for a period of seven years as the will to continue investing in the war waned, thus placing limits on ambitions for conquests in France. The Duke of Bedford, who oversaw the governing of French territories, managed to maintain garrisons and safeguard conquered territory during this period through taxation from the English possessions in France, though this brought dissatisfaction among the peasantry in regions such as Normandy. Subsidies only began again when the gains made under Henry V appeared to be endangered in

The Restoration, a period of constantly changing ideals, shows how the change in government from Charles I to Oliver Cromwell affected the people of that time, shows the Child of Hope, shows the shift in winds of religion, compares and contrasts Absolutism and Constitutionalism, shows how the influence of the English people on the world, and shows a new era being heralded in without which we would not exist. The seventeenth century, started with the Ascension of Charles I to the throne of his father James II. It was a relatively stable period under Charles I, yet it soon became engrossed in a civil war, of which. Oliver Cromwell and

The revolts of 1536-1537 have always been the cause of disagreement amongst historians. What happened in October 1536 when commoners in Lincolnshire took arms to protest taxations and the dissolution of monastic houses is complex and figuring out the actual origins of the subsequent risings in the north of England can be tricky in nature. There are mainly two schools of thoughts amongst academics as to what led those rebellions to take place. The first is quite simple; there was huge discontent with the current regime and commoners fearing taxations and religious change protested against the King and his parliament. The second school of thought attributes said revolt to factional rivalry amongst the court gentry and carries the belief that

The economy often fluctuated, especially alongside changes in the population. When the throne was passed to Henry VII, it was in a considerably terrible state – the Black Death of the 1400s had wiped out a good chunk of the population, and those who survived then had to also face the War of The Roses 1455-2485, which also claimed a lot of lives. Consequently, the spread of illness and disease damaged agricultural output, which would’ve kept the English economy at its weakest for both peasant and landowners. However, by the accession of Henry VIII the population had shot back up to around 2.3 million in 1524, and then rapidly increased from there. In 1541 the population had hit 2.7 million.

Dicey and her family learned that when times of trouble arise, sticking with family is the way out, through all of their struggles and sadness. To illustrate, the text explained that when Maybeth, the younger sister of the family, could not learn to read, despite all her efforts, the family decided that the best choice was to have James tudor her instead of a school tudor (page 95). This explains how the Tillermans learned that family is the key to succeeding. With someone from her family being her tudor, Maybeth was able to relax and not be nervous, allowing her to learn easier. Furthermore, when Dicey’s mother died, the family gathered in their living room and sat together looking through old photos of the children’s mother and uncles (page

Nonetheless, the Tudor dynasty was not fully established by 1487. this is due to the threats Henry faced from others with a strong claim to the throne, numerous rebellions and the lack of legitimacy he had as a usurper. these threats lead to the conclusion that Henry's position on the throne was not secured and neither was the Tudor dynasty. Even though Henry had certain factors that aided some security in his place on the throne e.g. an heir, Henry needed more time to secure his position as monarch and development of his ruling as the king of England.