Middle Ear Surgery Research

| - osteoblasts begin to replace the fibrocartilage splint with spongy and compact bone, forming a bulge that is initially wider than the original bony shaft

Bone remodeling This is where the body replaces old bone with new bone. The woven bone is replaced by lamellar bone. Osteoclasts remove small bone fragments and osteoblasts deposit spongy bone, converting it to compact

tissue regrow in the attachment site will be hard connective tissue. Don't forget about the rewiring of

While observing the surgery, I learned that the surgeons possess a variety of techniques that can be applied in dealing with a range of otologic findings. One of the more prominent nuances required for implantation was changing the techniques to account

Cochlear implants are biomedical devices that help individuals with severe hearing impairments with auditory sensation. In order to process sound cochlear implants include external and internal components. A microphone, which is part of the external component gathers sound (Petersona, Pisonia, & Miyamoto, 2010). These sound waves from the environment are transferred into electrical signals (Petersen, Gjedde, Wallentin, & Vuust, 2013). The electrical signals are then organized through a series of filters. After this step is completed, the signals are conveyed across the skin to a receiver within the internal components. In the implanted device, further conversion occurs and the signals are delivered to an array of electrodes within the cochlea. Each signal is directed to a specific electrode, this method utilizes tonotopic representation and coding of frequency. Lastly, the electrodes stimulate the auditory nerve (Petersona et al., 2010). These are the main processes involved in the application of cochlear implants. This paper explores some of the current research related to the application of cochlear implants including: language abilities, plasticity and areas for further research.

In re-examining my role as a clinician, I now have a better understanding on how to break down the information regarding CIs to better educate my patients regarding treatment options for hearing loss. Consequently, some multidisciplinary medical professionals fail in their duty to deliver appropriate recommendations and allow a bad practice to go unchallenged. To conclude, this opportunity to observe a CI surgery was a wonderful experience and the knowledge I obtained from this surgery will aid in my development as a future

As with any invasive surgical procedure, there is a certain amount of associated risk and complication. Some important complications surrounding any operative procedures utilizing general anesthesia include bleeding, respiratory decompensation, infection, and relapse. Outcome and prognosis of Lefort procedures depend on many factors before, during, and after surgery. Major anatomical complications reported with Lefort I osteotomy include nasal septum deviation, ophthalmic and lacrimal duct injury, malocclusion or mal-union of the maxilla, and injury to stenson’s duct. A reciprocating saw is generally utilized to perform the osteotomy with sufficient cooling methods to reduce heat damage to the underlying bone. Overheating puts bony structures at risk of osteonecrosis. Separation of the nasal septum is crucial and care should be taken to avoid the nasotracheal tube on the side of nasal intubation. Sectioning the tube would compromise the patient’s airway and cause significant risk to the procedure. Separation of the pterygoid plate from the maxillary tuberosity is another technique sensitive step during final completion of the osteotomy in the region of the infratemporal fossa (Patel).

SWPL is superior in surgical outcome because the surgeon to vaporize the malleus handle, the tendon of the tensor tympanic muscle, and even the medial of the handle using a mirror. SWPL gives a similar hearing results by maintaining the cone-shape of the tympanic membrane after surgery as

When treating patients with Meniere’s disease you will notice that all patients have different levels of balance disturbances and degrees of hearing loss. The degree of symptoms a patient experiences will justify which surgical option the patient will undergo. The non-destructive surgeries aim at reversing endolymphatic hydrops and preserving the patient’s hearing by endolymphatic sac decompression.1 Destructive procedures like chemical or surgical labyrinthectomy, and vestibular nerve section result in vestibular deafferentation of the inner ear. Preserving the patient’s hearing is the goal in vestibular nerve section, and to a certain extent chemical labyrinthectomy. Unfortunately surgical labyrinthectomy will result in definite hearing loss for the patient.1

The structural unit in compact bone is called the Haversian system and is organized as parallel columns, which run lengthwise down the axis of long bones. The Haversian system consists of the Haversian canal (central canal), a layer of lamellae (bone matrix), tiny spaces (lacunae) between the lamellae, osteocytes (bone cells) within the lacunae and canaliculi (small channels). Trabeculae are plates in spongy bone that branch and connect with one and another. The process of forming a new HAVERSIAN system and new Trabeculae begin with a process called remodeling, this is a process in which an existing bone is reabsorbed a new bone is laid down to replace it there several phases that occur to reach this. Phase one is Activation:

Duraplasty was not performed. Bone bridge formation is demonstrated between the occiput and the C2 spinous process.

- It is a well-known fact that osseointegration failure is multifactorial, dependent on anatomic conditions, systemic health, genetic disposition, immune function, and behavioral factors .

However, it is not possible to claim the exact size of the symphysis since the anterior end is breakn. Are present in this view the dentary, splenial, post-splenial, angular, prearticular, anterior and middle coronoid. It is noted an anterior Mackelian foramen where lay the post-splenial. Despite the damages, is noted that this foramen have an anterior bone declivity, which the anatomy feature a foramen and not a simple opening for breaking. MCP-4275-PV shows a well-developed posterior Mackelian foramen, with length greater than its height, representing about ¼ of the hemimandible size, but with length shorter than the adductor cavity. This foramen is located close to the ventral base of the hemimandible, which the center laying anteriorly to the adductor cavity edge. The anterior and middle coronoid do not have any type of dentition, but the posterior coronoid cannot be identified since there is an injury in this region. The prearticular can be seen in lingual view. Is impossible identify the ventral suture of the prearticular and angular, however, the dorsal portion of the prearticular surround the lingual edge of the adductor cavity and lingual edge of the glenoid cavity . Its height is not reaching the dorsal portion of the hemimandible, just reaching about 1/3 of the height. This bone shows a breakn in the postero-ventral portion and is damaged a lot in the posterodorsal region, and is

CC, a 28 year old male, has a chief complaint of a notable muffled right hear. The patient stated it started 2 weeks ago. It has a consistent duration. He denies any pain, discharge, dizziness, or tinnitus bilaterally. The ability to hear voice is decreased on the right side. Rhine test is AC>BC for the left ear. The right ear results indicate AC<BC. Weber test result indicates hearing is louder in the left ear. Upon inspection using an otoscope, the right ear has a llarge amount of cerumen. The tympanic membrane is visible, pearly gray, and semitransparent. Jarvis (2016) states that conductive hearing loss is one of the health care conditions that can occur with impacted cerumen. CC has no temperature. CC denies weight loss, fatigue,

Osseous resective surgery is a procedure used to correct deformities of alveolar bone from advanced periodontitis. It is highly effective and helps to ensure that gums and bone are as healthy as they can be. There are two ways one can go with this surgery: periodontal osseous resective surgery or apically positioned flap with osseous resective surgery. Each one involves different steps (Gehrig, 2016).