Mild Tbi Case Study

Awareness about traumatic brain injury has increased because of combat operations in Irag and Afghanistan and in the National Football League. The debate over the nature of traumatic brain injury is an ongoing issue. Some think of categorizing from mild to the server is the condition of TBI that can lead to a person bring over diagnosed or misdiagnosed. The other side points out that the focus should not be on diagnosis put on the recovery and treatment of the symptoms.

Health professionals will often interchange between the two terms, concussion and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), when discussing this health condition (Halstead, Walter, Council on Sports, & Fitness, 2010). A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury resulting from a traumatic event which causes the affected individual to experience temporary neurological deficits, these are a result of “biomechanical forces” that have reached the head taking effect on the brain (Jordan, 2013; Paul McCrory et al., 2009; Silver, McAllister, & Yudofsky, 2011). This type of injury usually presents with multiple post concussive symptoms, although in some cases these symptoms do not present themselves until later (Paul McCrory et al., 2009), in which can result in the concussion going unnoticed.

Perhaps one of the least understood injuries is a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), otherwise known as a concussion. Over 1,000,000 concussions occur the United States every year (Majerske et al., 2008), and can be caused by any blow to the head. It is likely that many concussions do not go diagnosed. 300,000 of these concussion have been contributed to sports related injury (Majerske et al., 2008), making the study of sports related concussions in athletes the most important and easiest subjects to study.

Concussion diagnosis is assessed through a variety of subjective clinical assessment tools (ex: SCAT3, SAC, BESS, Symptom checklists).17 These clinical assessment tools are often subjective in nature and largely rely on the patients’ test performance. Researchers are currently seeking out appropriate advanced concussion assessment approaches that are more objective. The following essay will outline Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Electroencephalography (EEG) as advanced imaging tools that researchers have used to outline the effects of concussion on the brain.

for the safety of the athletes. Collins, Lovell, and McKeag (1999) reported a 25 year old hockey

A traumatic brain injury (TBI) also known as a concussion is a serious health problem to athletes, especially to football players. The brain controls the body and gives a person personality and defines every aspect of his or her life. A brain injury can disrupt a person’s life in an instance and like broken bones or bruises; TBI can limit or prevent normal body functions. A brain injury, unlike common injuries can damage mental abilities to include memory and speech. There are only two classifications in TBI; mild and severe. Mild TBI is classified as loss of consciousness and or confusion and disorientation for less than thirty minutes. Severe TBI is thirty or more minutes and with memory loss. A person

Concussion, also known as minor head trauma or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the most common type of traumatic brain injury. It is typically defined as a head injury with a temporary loss of brain function. Symptoms include a variety of physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms, which may not be recognized if subtle. A variety of signs accompany concussion including headache, feeling in a fog, and emotional changeability. In general, the signs can be categorized into physical signs (such as loss of consciousness or amnesia), behavioral changes (such as irritability), cognitive impairment (such as slowed reaction times), and sleep disturbances.[1] Fewer than 10% of sports-related concussions among children are associated with loss of consciousness.[2]

Concussions can be considered the “invisible injury.” While the injury is there, it cannot be seen without looking at the symptoms and performing tests (Concussion Facts). A concussion, sometimes referred to as a mild head injury, is defined as “a traumatic brain injury that alters the way the brain functions.” It is caused by a blow to the head or as a result of the head and upper body being violently shaken (Mayo Clinic, 2014). A concussion can be a result of a large number of activities. These activities can range from a car wreck to a hard hit to the head in a sports game or even just falling

One of the most common TBI’s are Concussions. A concussion is a brain injury caused by a blow to the head or body which causes the brain to come crashing into the skull. The brain suffers bruising and the axons are destroyed. Axons are the delicate fibers that carry electrical signals to the brain. The person will experience a variety of symptoms such as loss of consciousness, dizziness, blurry vision, confusion and nausea.

Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI), however, are simply another term used to describe a milder form of concussion. Similar to the conceptual definition of a concussion, the World Health Organization Collaborating Neurotrauma Task Force defines an mTBI as being “an acute brain injury resulting from mechanical energy to the head from external physical forces” (Crandall et. al., 2014, p. 1359).

Traumatic brain injury in general is characterized by the changes in brain function due to some sort of a biomechanical force induced by either directly or indirectly as a hit or blow to the head (Facts and Prevention, 2015). Mild traumatic brain injury, which will be considered as equivalent term with concussion, was defined by the International Conference on Concussion in Sport as a complex pathophysiological process induced by biomechanical forces (Mccrory et al., 2013). This penetrating head injury will disrupt the normal function of the brain. The cause of sports-related brain injury can be induced by a direct or indirect blow to the head. Injury can also be caused by the force of impulse due to impacts on other parts of the body being

The human brain is extremely fragile and “any bump, blow, or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury that disrupts the normal function of the brain” is considered a traumatic brain injury (TBI) (CDC quote). As an inpatient rehabilitation nurse, TBI 's are a large percentage of the patient population and are continuously growing. All brain injuries are different and unique from one another, but brain injuries could affect everything from a person’s memory and reasoning, to their sensations, their ability to communicate, or even their personalities or feelings. Brainline.org is a website that was found through Google and is made available for the public to offer information and resources “about preventing, treating, and living with TBI” (about us). BrainLine states that their purpose is to serve those who have been affected by TBI, either it be the person themselves, their families, or the healthcare professionals caring for them. (BrainLine).

The cognitive challenges that can occur with Post-Concussion Syndrome include troubles with attention, concentration, memory, reasoning, planning, understanding, speaking, and language. As a result of damage to the upper brain stem and frontal lobes, the abilities to act upon and register messages from the brain and the outside world are impaired (Stoler & Hill, 2013, p. 206). These attention and concentration problems could impact alertness to react upon information, the capacity of sustained attention, and the ability to focus on one thing. Memory problems, associated with damage to the complicated memory system in the brain, could include issues registering information, perceiving input from the environment, storing information, especially

The article discusses the scientific research and theories behind whether playing football is linked to traumatic brain injury (TBI) to NFL players. Previous evidence that existed mainly involved finding signs of TBI in deceased players, and so it was difficult to determine whether it was football that was responsible for TBI or other factors. However, studies not show that more than 40% of retired NFL players show evidence of abnormal brain structures (Park). The director of Florida Center for Headache and Sports Neurology, Conidi, analyzed that the brains of 40 former NFL players who played for an average of 7 years showed damage to the white matter of the brain which it responsible for connecting nerve cells among difference regions (Park).

Traumatic Brain Injury is otherwise known as TBI. “Traumatic brain injury, a form of acquired brain injury, occurs when sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. TBI can result when the head suddenly and violently hits an object, or when an object pierces the skull and enters brain tissue” (NINDS, 2010). There are two main types of TBI, closed head injuries such as head hitting a windshield and penetrating head injuries such as a gunshot wound. As reported by the Global Neuroscience Initiative Foundation,” The severity of traumatic brain injuries is often assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale, with scores ranging from 3 to 15. The higher the score,