Military Coup Of 1973 Summary

Between 1973 and 1984, almost 30,000 Argentines were murdered or ‘disappeared.’ The result of a military coup d’état during which security forces and death squads acting in the form of the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance, or ‘Triple A;’ hunted

On 24 April 1965 the youthful military officers ascended in the Dominican Republic. After four days the United State troops ambushed the nation. It was the essential US military intercession in Latin America in over 30 years. These occasions went on to the main point of everyone's thought somewhat, in reverse Caribbean republic where until 1916 ordinary war and had been the standard, vote based system and honest to government the brief uncommon case. By then the United States attacked, and the eight-year United States occupation orchestrated the one party of Rafael Trujillo, which went from 1930 until his going in May 1961. The nation climbed out of the harm of Trujillo in the midst of a period when the United States was so worried about a

In the book Overthrow: America’s Century of Regime Change from Hawaii to Iraq, author Stephen Kinzer argued the many events that led to America’s long term failure of “regime change” in Iraq. I believe that the most compelling case for Kinzer’s argument of long term failure for the United States has to be when America tried to overthrow the leader, President Ngo Dihn Diem, of Vietnam whilst we were aiding the country. Even if America thought that getting a new leader would be better in the war against North Vietnam. This case was different than the others. For example, instead of just targeting person or a movement, the United States was targeting the leader of Vietnam during the time where America was aiding them in the way. In turn, when President John F. Kennedy and his advisors were together for a final meeting to overthrow Diem, Kennedy never gave a clear decision. Three days later, President Ngo Dihn Diem was murdered. This, of course, caused controversy and a major dilemma between Vietnam and the United States and eventually led to a strain between the two

Paraguayans do not have many historical happy times in their past. Their history leading up to Operation Condor involves three men that led the country to a government based on military dictatorships. After Jose Francia and Carlos Lopez, two of the first leaders of Paraguay after winning independence from Spain, Francisco Lopez is in power in 1862 (Resnick). Lopez was interested in not being a country of isolation and forced everyone to be part of the military unless one was a priest or could pay the price to not be in the military. While he signs a treaty with Uruguay a war is about to begin over who is in power in Uruguay. Lopez runs into trouble with bringing Paraguay into the War of the Triple Alliance. Paraguay falls on the wrong side having to fight against Brazil, Argentina, and the Colorado Party of Uruguay (Resnick). Paraguayans are forced with two options that both end in death: not fight and be executed by Lopez or go to war and be killed by Brazilians, Argentinians, or Uruguayans. Paraguay eventually has to even send their children to fight due to the loss of many people. After Paraguay loses the war, Brazil takes the country over. The next known leader that Paraguay has after Brazil leaves is Alfredo Stroessner. This man starts the process of Operation Condor in 1975 (Resnick). Stroessner becomes leader of Paraguay in 1954 due to his planned military coup taking over the nation. He was the Commander in Chief of the military in Paraguay controlling all parts of the military. Stroessner put conditions in place like Argentina with additions including secret police, censorship, prison camps, torture, no freedom of speech, banning unions, curfew, dissolving Congress, and suspending the Constitution. His reason for the military coup and the new conditions put in place in Paraguay was due to the fear of

One of the most speculative experiences of conquest and dictatorship in the history of Latin America has been the socialist and dictatorial regimes in Chile. Chile has gone through multiple times of dictatorship, lead by the military, and also had lapses of a socialist government. The film “Machuca” by Andres Wood provided an insight of the series of social events in Chile in 1973, ranging from inter personal experiences to political issues and the Chilean nation. “Two dictators, Salvador Allende and Augusto Pinochet, both brought tremendous suffering upon the Chilean people -- one through his socialist policies and nationalization of

Eisenhower executed two coups; the first one in Iran in 1953, followed by the coup in Guatemala the following year, 1954 (Rabe, Stephen G.). In the case of Guatemala, the goal of overthrowing Arbenz became known as “Operation PBSUCCESS ” (Rabe, Stephen G.). With his plans, the CIA planned on using a psychological warfare operation, an invasion of the country led by Colonel Castillo Armas and to campaign to coerce Guatemalan military officers into sticking against their president (Rabe, Stephen G.). All of these methods worked. The CIA played with the mind of the people. There would be late night phone calls and death threats. They also included kidnapping, torture, and summary executions which installed terror into the people (Document 4). The coup, led by Colonel Castillo Armas was successful because there were mass shipments of weapons and money to anti-Arbenz groups. The CIA created training camps near bordering nations, Nicaragua and Honduras, and created propaganda campaigns to get people to join their troops (Cold War

Throughout 1939-1971, El Salvador was run by a military-style dictatorship, causing those who had land and wealth to be stripped from them just because they could. According to Encyclopedia Britannica the persistence of this dictatorship can be partly credited to Augustin Farabundo Marti, who forced the Salvadorian Communist Party (2017). Proving to be a catalyst for conflicts for years to come.

This Extended Essay will examine how American domestic politics during the Nixon Administration influenced the role of the U.S and more specifically the C.I.A in their role in the Chilean coup of 1973. Throughout this paper connections will be drawn between various corporations which had a significant stake in Chile’s industry and economy before the coup occurred and their subsequent relationships with different members of the Nixon Administration or those in places of power such as the director of the C.I.A. This paper will document just how much was at stake for various companies, and what they stood to gain or lose from a significant regime change. Furthermore, just how the C.I.A and these American corporations waged an economic war on Chile’s economy will be examined. In addition, this paper will provide an analysis on just who stood to gain the most from a regime change, the American people winning a war against communism, or the multinational corporations whose businesses in Chile could be potentially nationalized. This paper will also examine the interdepartamental differences and rifts inside the Nixon Administration itself, and help clarify whether or not these differences were based upon an ideological difference or because of their roles in rival corporations. Overall this paper will provide a broad look at just how much these large multinational corporations had an affect upon the Nixon Administration, and how much an ideological sense of responsibility was

The 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état was a covert operation carried out by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that deposed the democratically elected Guatemalan President Jacobo Árbenz and ended the Guatemalan Revolution.[1] Code-named Operation PBSUCCESS, it installed the military dictatorship of Carlos Castillo Armas, the first in a series of U.S.-backed dictators who ruled

for protection. Allende objected to this proposal and Gen. Pinochet's soldiers began attacking the palace, defended by the supporters of the president . At 11: 00 Allende, by radio station, gave the nation his last message, that he will not leave the palace and will defend Chile

The Cuban revolution was the spark that ignited the flame of communism in Cuba. The developing nation gained independence only as recently as 1898, and was already filled with an atmosphere of distrust and resentment towards the United States. In July of 1953, a revolution began in Cuba between the United States backed President Batista and Fidel Castro. Fidel and his brother Raul Castro lead a series of guerilla warfare battles against the forces of President Batista. “I am Fidel Castro and we have come to liberate Cuba,” stated Fidel Castro. In January of 1959, Fidel Castro became the President of Cuba. With the regime of Fidel Castro, Cuba would fall to communism.

Only a year early did the Arturo Umberto Illia got thrown out of office by Juan Carlos Ongania via military coup. Ongania quickly forced strict news strict laws oppressing the Argentinians. Before that two other leaders were quickly out of office. One was only provisional and stepped down the other was thrown out because of a coup. In 7 years Valenzuela watched four leaders be in and of office within two years.

It is impossible to separate the history of military dictatorships in Latin America from the history of economic exploitation and of US intervention in the region. The history of slavery and other forced labor in the pursuit of large-scale agriculture and resource extraction in the time of the colonies has created a legacy of economic exploitation. This poverty and inequality has in many cases led to popular uprisings and calls for reform, which provided the reason (or the excuse, depending on your point of view) to use military force to restore discipline. The United States' willingness to support strong regimes capable of securing its interests in the region also has played a decisive role. These

Allende who at the time was a socialist governor, believed that Pinochet fully supported him. Minister points out in his article, “Allende's socialist platform advocated nationalizing foreign-owned industry and rectifying Chile's gross economic disparity. Further polarizing the situation, the US government under Richard Nixon smuggled funds to the military for arms and anti-Allende propaganda”. This resulted Allende arranging Pinochet as Commander in Chief of the army on September 9. Two weeks later, Pinochet joined a “CIA-Backed four-man junta “ to overthrow the government. By September 11, Santiago was under a sate of “siege” that would be raised over the next 17 years. Pinochet soon assumed complete control when he decided that one and only one leader could control a “volatile situation”.

Following Allende, the notorious Pinochet regime seized power. Under his rule, the Constitution, Congress and political parties were dissolved. Thousands of political opponents were arrested, executed, tortured or simply "disappeared". Augosto Pinochet, a military general, became President and stayed in office until 1990 when he resigned as President. He remained involved, however, as the Commander in Chief of the armed forces. In the mid 1990's a new elected Christian democratic government, together with human