Minimum Weight Design of a Wing Box Subjected to Bending

The purpose of the Boomilever Project is to build a cantilevered truss that is light-weight while still able to support 15 kilograms. With this project it serves to reinforce the cumulative concepts that have been taught throughout this semester of Engineering Statics. It has been necessary to research designs, types of wood, and types of adhesive that will create a final result that is consistent with the

The bony collar of long bones helps them withstand compressive stress by the mechanism described in #4A above (i.e. hydroxyapatite, weight-bearing pillars). In addition, long bones also withstand compressive forces by virtue of the spongy ("cancellous") bone in the epiphyses. The interlocking network of bony plates (called "trabeculae") found in spongy bone help to distribute the weight of the body out to the tough bony collar of the diaphysis. In this way, bony plates act much like the trusses or struts in old-time railroad bridges which distribute the weight of the train evenly over the entire bridge.

The specimen ends were not thick or had moving wedge grips to keep it secure in the holders of the servo-hydraulic load frame. The movement of the specimen in the machine causes some of the data to be an inaccuracy. Also, the transverse strain causes issues with the strain gages that are called transverse sensitivity. The transverse sensitivity affects the accuracy of the data that is being collected for the transverse strain more than the longitudinal strain. This is greatly seen in the percent difference in the strain values such as in one case the Longitudinal strain was .4% while the transverse strain was 30%. Another issue with the strain gages was that if the strain gages weren’t properly placed on the specimen the data accuracy would

Suspension bridges usually experience torsional forces during very windy conditions where there are high wind speeds, this can create a twisting force causing the deck to rotate resulting in the bridge experiencing shear stress. (Bagga

Each separate truss (of the dimensions 920x5x50mm) consisted of a Pratt truss with nine diagonal members on each side of the centre. The model was tested in sufficiently isolated condition by tutors. It successfully passed the initial weight test, and satisfactorily resisted horizontal forces. Once fitted onto the testing rig, loads were applied and increased incrementally. Slight deformation was observed before failing at 12.5 kg, at which force a collection of members failed in succession, concluding the test.

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic view of the structure at rest. (b) Schematic view under external acceleration

{N} and {M} are the generalised stresses can can be expressed as membrane strains and curvatures by using the laminar stress-strain relationship and Love Kirchhoff hypothesis.

The following report is based on an experiment conducted to calculate the lift curve slope for a symmetrical aerofoil subjected to varying angles of attack. Pressure readings were taken at different points on the upper and lower surface of the aerofoil. The report concludes that maximum lift is generated between 12 º -15º, which is also the stall point. It also states that region close to the leading edge contributes most to the lift force.

This report aims to describe the experiment performed to investigate the stiffness of a channel section, and in particular calculate the flexural rigidity (EI) of the beam by two different sets of calculations based on the results gained in the experiment. The EI of an object is used

During the construction, two half-spans being assembled 50 meters above ground level had a misalignment of 4.5 inches or 114mm in camber. It was suggested by John Holland & Constructions to use a kentledge to weigh down the higher section of bridge. It so happened that they had ten, eight tonne concrete blocks on site. These were placed halfway along the higher span to

Honeycomb out-of-plane compressive properties are of interest for many researchers because they are important for the mechanical performance of sandwich panels, such as local compression and impact resistance. Bouakba et al [1] proposed a novel type Voronoi-lattice and study this honeycomb by FEA on in-plane mechanical properties using the ANSYS code. This work described a continued study of the out-of-plan mechanical properties. The compressive properties for this novel type Voronoi-lattice have been simulated using a full-scale representation of the honeycomb panels under compression loading. The experimental evaluations on the novel honeycomb compressive properties are implemented

-The protractor of the aerofoil connected to the lift and drag voltmeters was then used to vary the aerofoil’s angle of attack from 0° to 20°. Lift and Drag voltage values measured for each angle were recorded and calibration coefficients of 6.7 and 6.4 were used to obtain force Newton values for lift and drag. The lift and drag forces obtained for each angle were then plugged into equations (3) and (4) to obtain lift and drag coefficients. Equation (5) was used to calculate a theoretical value for the lift coefficient.

Superstructure bears the load that is being passed over the bridge and it transmits the forces caused by the same to substructure. Load received from the decking is transferred on to the substructure by Bearings. They also distribute the load evenly over the substructure material as it may not have sufficient strength to bear the superstructure load directly. Piers and Abutments are the vertical substructures which transfer the load to the earth in the foundation. Wing walls and returns are constructed as the extension of

Below are two tables in which I have recorded the data which I obtained during the experiment. The first table reflects the Relationship between the deflection/flexion of the cantilever and the mass of the load and the second table reflects the relationship between the flexion of the cantilever and the length of the cantilever.

Where P is the applied force, L is the length of beam, E is the modulus of elasticity of aluminum, and I is the moment of Inertia.