Mitral Valve Disease Essay

The four valves of the heart are the tricuspid valve, the pulmonic valve, the mitral valve, and the aortic valve. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is responsible for allowing blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle, preventing backflow of blood into the atrium. The pulmonic valve is located between the pulmonary arteries and the right ventricle and is responsible for allowing blood flow from the heart to the lungs. The mitral valve is found between the left atrium and the left ventricle, which allow blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle preventing backflow of blood back into the left atrium. The aortic valve is found between the aorta and the left ventricle and allows blood to flow to the aorta and throughout the body.

The flow of blood through the heart is controlled by four valves. If any are not working correctly, blood cannot flow or be pumped effectively to the heart. The four valves are: the tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, mitral, and aortic semilunar. There are many abnormalities or defects that can affect their operation and in this paper, I will discuss the most common one which is a “mitral valve prolapse.” A valvular prolapse is an abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that causes the valve to not close completely. It is also known as “click murmur syndrome” and “Barlow’s syndrome” and is more prevalent in women than men. It has a strong hereditary

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was first characterized by Barlow and Bosman in the 1960s.(Barlow and Bosman) It was first called Barlow’s Syndrome before being called mitral valve prolapse by Criley (Barlow and Bosman),(Criley et al.). Barlow’s syndrome was diagnosed by electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and chest X-ray.3 The mitral valve apparatus includes tow leaflets, chordae tendineae, anulus, left atrium, papillary muscles and left ventricular wall (Devereux et al.). Mitral valve prolapse involves the leaflets, chordae, annulus and left ventricular wall.(Devereux et al.) The anterior leaflet is relatively long and semi-circular, while the posterior leaflet is shorter in normal patients.(Irvine et al.) Most commonly the posterior leaflet is affected.(Devereux et al.) During systole the leaflet balloons in to the left ventricle.(Devereux et al.) Physically, in a patient with mitral valve prolapse, the leaflet is displaced beyond the mitral anulus.(Levine et al.)

Abstract: Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary tumors of the heart. Although these tumors have been reported in all cardiac chambers, myxomas arising from heart valves are extremely rare. Herein, we report a new case of a patient with mitral valve myxoma, as well as review 89 reported cases of these tumors in the literature. Mitral valve myxomas often occur in middle age patients, with slight female gender predominance. Most of these tumors arise in an isolated fashion on the atrial side of the anterior mitral valve leaflet. The embolic events were the most frequent manifestation, followed by obstructive symptoms. Unlike atrial myxomas,

1. The possible signs and symptoms of mitral valve dysfunction are fatigue, chest pain, palpitation, dyspnea, tachycardia, anxiety, and migraine headache (Goodman & Snyder, 2013). The most common triad of symptoms associated with mitral valve dysfunction includes rapid and irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, and fatigue occurs due to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Some patients also feel syncope and numbness or tingling in the hands and feet in case of mitral valve dysfunction (webmd.com, 2016). Therefore, while treating the therapist should be alert for

Valvular heart disease is when a valve is damaged or has a defect in one of the four valves in the heart. There are four types of valves you have the mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary. All of theses valves have significant jobs of moving blood through the heart to get to the rest of the body. Now the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve are used to control the blood between the atria and the ventricles which is the upper and lower chambers of the heart. Also the valves that are frequently affected by valvular disease are the mitral and aortic valves. The valve that controls the flow of blood through the heart is the pulmonary valve and the aortic valve governs the flow of blood between the aorta and the heart. To ensure that the blood

In addition, as mentioned before the American Heart Association states four types of cardiovascular diseases. Heart valve problems, arrhythmia, heart attacks and strokes are all affiliated with this deadly disease. If an individual is suffering with a heart valve problem, medication and heart valve surgery is provided. Arrhythmia is treated with medications, receiving a pacemaker and cardiac defibrillation. Heart attacks are treated also with medications, angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft surgery to improve blood supply entering the heart muscle. Lastly, medication is provided to treat strokes. Another treatment available for strokes are undergoing a carotid endarterectomy

Heart(cardiovascular) disease involves many statuses where the normal function is disrupted by the condition of the heart or blood vessels. It will slow down the delivery of oxygenated blood into the body. There are several requirements for the heart to have a normal function. There needs to be adaptable coronary circulation because the vessels that supply the oxygen and nutrients to the heart must be functional, capable and meet increased demands when needed. It must provide a flexible response by the myocardial contractile cells so when the animal needs additional cardiac output during exercise and stress, the cells of the heart can provide a higher heart rate output. The valves on the heart are crucial and must be maintained for blood flow

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is caused by a myriad of complications including, ischemic, infectious and degenerative changes in the valve structure. (Huether, McCance, p. 628) This alters the function of the mitral valve causing it to bulge backwards into the left atrium. (Huether, McCance, p. 628) MVP can lead to mitral regurgitation (MR) in which the blood flows backwards or is regurgitated into the left atrium. MVP can be single leaflet or bilieaflet prolapse referred to as SiMVP and BiMVP. (Nordhues, B.2015)

This is a structural abnormality of the heart where one or more of the chambers becomes affected. While there are three different types of cardiomyopathy the one associated with taurine deficiency is known as dilated cardiomyopathy which is characterized as enlarged heart chambers and a reduction in contraction ability. Symptoms of this disease include loss of appetite, weakness and depression. DCM, if left untreated, can lead to more serious heart conditions and can cause congestive heart failure. That being said it is very important to make sure that a cat is getting fed the appropriate amount of protein in their diets to greatly reduce the risk of dilated cardiomyopathy. If this disease is caught early enough it is possible to reverse the effects of the disease by making sure to supplement the amino acid taurine into the diet. Due to the discovery of taurine being a factor of this disease pet food companies are forced to make sure there is sufficient amounts of taurine in the feed they market. This has made dilated cardiomyopathy a more rare form of cardiomyopathy and not commonly seen in heart disease cases, it cannot go away completely as there are still genetic factors that play a role in the

Suspected to be an inherited disease in Great Danes, this degenerative heart muscle condition can be detected through testing. It is associated with the enlargement of the left ventricle of the dog's heart that eventually weakens its ability to effectively pump blood. Great Danes with this health condition can be treated with pain medication to relieve pain. However, this condition is often fatal and when medication eventually fails, it can be heartbreaking to watch your pet deteriorate.

The left ventricular dimension and left atrial diameter were measured using two-dimensional echocardiography in the parasternal long-axis view, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was calculated using the biplane method. The pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was estimated using the tricuspid regurgitation jet and the simplified Bernoulli equation(5b). Wilkins calcium score system was assessed individually in all subjects to determine the severity of mitral valve calcification (5c).

At the recent veterinarian appointment Aeolus and I received some bad news, he has a stage 3 heart murmur. It was explained there are six stages to a heart murmur and how having one of his arteries partially blocked is causing his heart to work harder and getting larger. A symptom is coughing from a sound sleep or when lying down. Those positions make it hard for the heart to work. An ultra sound cost $500 that would show what’s going inside. However, we can’t afford it, electing to put him on medication that should allow a semi normal life.

Mitral valve prolapse is a common cardiac valvular abnormality observed in 25-30% of ADPKD patients, followed by aortic regurgitation and tricuspid valve abnormalities. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity

One symptom is heart murmur. Heart murmur is when your heart makes swishing sound heard in you heart. Other symptoms that are typically known is shortness of breath. This can happen when exercising or doing some kind of body workout. These treatment can be treated by different kinds of things. This disorder can be treated by doing heart surgery or cardiac catheterization. For the surgery they will stitch up the hole with surgical materials or your body’s own tissue. Cardiac catheterization is when they put a flexible tube in your heart to insert a device in the hole to cover it. People who have atrial septal defect face fewer challenges in their daily