Mitral Valve Prolapse

The four valves of the heart are the tricuspid valve, the pulmonic valve, the mitral valve, and the aortic valve. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is responsible for allowing blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle, preventing backflow of blood into the atrium. The pulmonic valve is located between the pulmonary arteries and the right ventricle and is responsible for allowing blood flow from the heart to the lungs. The mitral valve is found between the left atrium and the left ventricle, which allow blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle preventing backflow of blood back into the left atrium. The aortic valve is found between the aorta and the left ventricle and allows blood to flow to the aorta and throughout the body.

Aim In this experiment, the external and internal structures of a sheep’s heart was examined and identified by dissection. To determine the functionality of a human heart since they are both mammals. Hypothesis Based on the external observation, the left side of the heart appeared bigger than the right side. When looking

Mitral Valve Prolapse Michele Tolliver Body Systems, LRC Class #1 October 7, 2014 The flow of blood through the heart is controlled by four valves. If any are not working correctly, blood cannot flow or be pumped effectively to the heart. The four valves are: the tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, mitral, and aortic semilunar. There are many abnormalities or defects that can affect their operation and in this paper, I will discuss the most common one which is a “mitral valve prolapse.” A valvular prolapse is an abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that causes the valve to not close completely. It is also known as “click murmur syndrome” and “Barlow’s syndrome” and is more prevalent in women than men. It has a strong hereditary

a. The Somatic nervous system regulates voluntary movement. b. The Autonomic nervous system controls organs that operate involuntary. i. Sympathetic nervous system mobilizes the body for action ii. Parasympathetic nervous system maintains and The left side of the heart, has the left atrium and ventricle that takes in oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it out of the aorta.

Mitral Valve Prolapse Clinical Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was first characterized by Barlow and Bosman in the 1960s.(Barlow and Bosman) It was first called Barlow’s Syndrome before being called mitral valve prolapse by Criley (Barlow and Bosman),(Criley et al.). Barlow’s syndrome was diagnosed by electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and chest X-ray.3 The mitral valve apparatus includes tow leaflets, chordae tendineae, anulus, left atrium, papillary muscles and left ventricular wall (Devereux et al.). Mitral valve prolapse involves the leaflets, chordae, annulus and left ventricular wall.(Devereux et al.) The anterior leaflet is relatively long and semi-circular, while the posterior leaflet is shorter in normal patients.(Irvine et al.) Most commonly the posterior leaflet is affected.(Devereux et al.) During systole the leaflet balloons in to the left ventricle.(Devereux et al.) Physically, in a patient with mitral valve prolapse, the leaflet is displaced beyond the mitral anulus.(Levine et al.)

Heart valves ensure one way blood flow through heart. The atrioventricular (AV) valves lie between the atria and the ventricles prevents the back flow of blood in to the atria while the ventricles contract. Chordae tendinae anchor AV values to papillary muscles. The left AV valve, the mitral or bicuspid valve consists of two cusps of endocardium. The right atrioventricular valve, the tricuspid valve, has three cusps. The second sets of valve are the semilunar valves. The pulmonary semilunar valves lie between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk. Aortic semilunar valves lie between ventricle and the aorta. Semilunar valves prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricle.

Although Mitral Valve Prolapse has existed for many years, there are a few facts a person should know while being diagnosed with this disease. Mitral Valve Prolapse is the most common valve abnormality in the U.S (Gillinov 517). About two to three percent of the population has Mitral Valve Prolapse (Gillinov 517). Of that percentage, very few need surgery due to a severe leak (Gillinov 326). If surgical treatment is necessary, a person receiving a non-surgical valve can most likely receive a 20 percent greater chance to live at least 1 year after treatment, compared to patients receiving medication alone (Gillinov 517). This means many people who were born or diagnosed with a valve problem can most likely be diagnosed with Mitral Valve Prolapse over any other heart valve disease. When a father or a mother has Mitral Valve Prolapse, this creates a very high chance when they have a child, the child will be born having

Locate the mitral valve (or bicuspid valve) between the left atrium and ventricle. This will have two flaps of membrane connected to papillary muscles by tendons.

parents were ecstatic to hear the great news, but their happiness was shortlived; years later I was diagnosed with an irregular sized heart and mitral valve prolapse, which would have to be monitored

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) is also knows as Barlow’s Syndrome or Click Murmur Syndrome and it affects about 2-6% of the United States population. While Mitral Valve Prolapse is one of the most common heart valve abnormality that can develop in any person at any age. It is usually not life-threatening and the patient might not even have symptoms. A patient might feel symptoms such as Fatigue, chest pain, or palpitations, which will cause a doctor to run tests such as an echocardiogram; causing a detection and confirmation of the Mitral valve prolapse. The MVP abnormality is caused when one or both of the mitral valve flaps are enlarged or have extra tissue. Causing the valve leaflets to not close correctly and allow leakage of blood back into

The Heart is hollow organ which is composed of four muscular chambers the right and left atrium and ventricles that is specialized for pumping blood throughout the body. The heart is also consists of four valve; two atrioventricular valve which is the bicuspid and tricuspid valve that is allowing blood to flow in the atria and closes when there is a increase ventricular pressure that prevent backflow into the atria as ventricles contract (Craft, Gordon, and Tiziani, 2011), and the semilunar valves which include the pulmonary and aortic valves is located at the exit of the large arteries from the ventricles that opens when there is intraventricular pressure exceeded the aortic and pulmonary pressure which allows the blood flow into the systemic

A heart murmur are harmless, healthy and don’t need a treatment. During a physical exam, doctors know that every child has a heart murmur and can hear the whooshing sound. There are some things that can be abnormal when it can be very damaged by the heart valve which 1/3 of the populations are born with valve problems. This condition is making the heart go faster than it normally would and it can be forced to have the blood goes faster. The causes are anemia, high blood pressure, thyroid, and a fever. Those causes can make the blood flow a lot faster, which can be dangerous if the problems are by the birth defect of the child. The valves open and close by four chambers, two on top and two on bottom. Stenosis, mitral prolapse, congenital, and

The Blood Starts Flowing After the blood is received it is pumped through the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. The tricuspid valve can be found in between the right ventricle and atrium, its main job is to contract to prevent blood from returning, and ensure that it is going the right direction. The blood continues to make its way to the lungs where it picks up oxygen and rids of carbon dioxide. Lastly, the ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs through the pulmonary valve. The pulmonary valve prevents blood from returning into the right atrium after the tricuspid valve relaxes. The pulmonary valve is a semilunar valve that has three cusps and is in between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

Mitral Valve Prolapse is a common cardiac disorder, affecting two to three percent of the general population annually (Delling & Vasan, 2014). Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is characterized by changes in the mitral leaflet tissue with displacement of the one or both leaflets into the left atrium of the heart. Because the leaflets do not close tightly to seal the valve, they are commonly referred to as being “floppy”. The mitral valve allows blood to flow from the left ventricle into the left atrium of the heart, and when the leaflets become floppy it can cause backflow of the blood, also known as regurgitation (Delling & Vasan, 2014). This backflow of blood, or regurgitation, causes a murmur or turbulent blood flow, which can be heard on auscultation.

Cardiac Tamponade is a life-threatening medical complication in which blood or fluids fill the area between the sac that encases the heart and the heart muscle, placing tremendous pressure on the heart. The extreme pressure restrains the heart’s ventricles from extending fully and keeps the heart from functioning normally. The heart is not able to pump enough blood to the rest of your body, which could lead to organ failure, hypotension, shock, and in the worst case possible even death. According to (NCBI) 2 out of 10,000 people can end up getting the condition. (Barwell, 2012) This pressure is enough to back up blood returning to the heart as well. There are many different things that can cause the onset of cardiac tamponade.