Mitral Valve Prolapse Research Paper

If these primary treatments are ineffective for the patient, the physician may want to revert to other methods such as surgery. Depending on the specific problem in the heart, the physician could recommend bypass

The use of beta-blockers to slow the heart rate may benefit patients who have episodes of tachycardia, or rapid heartbeats, with the mitral valve prolapse. Unless it has progressed to something severe, the patientwill probably not need treatment. If it has become severe, then the patient can benefit from surgery to repair or replace the leaky valve. Although it sounds scary, it is a condition that can be managed quite easily and the patient can live a normal lifestyle without any impairment or major adjustment to your activities.

It was established that the patient’s symptoms were due to an aortic regurgitation this was confirmed by echocardiogram. The use of the SOAPIER model is an effective means of providing rationale for a holistic clinical decision making. The findings and treatment options were discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting including Mr Jones and family. The family were informed that surgery was the safest treatment option. Complications that could happen with or without surgery were also explained ensuring that the patient had adequate understanding to make a valid choice about his treatment. Mr Jones agreed that a replacement of the aortic valve with a mechanical valve was necessary, thus it last for more than twenty years or more . Mr Jones

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was first characterized by Barlow and Bosman in the 1960s.(Barlow and Bosman) It was first called Barlow’s Syndrome before being called mitral valve prolapse by Criley (Barlow and Bosman),(Criley et al.). Barlow’s syndrome was diagnosed by electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and chest X-ray.3 The mitral valve apparatus includes tow leaflets, chordae tendineae, anulus, left atrium, papillary muscles and left ventricular wall (Devereux et al.). Mitral valve prolapse involves the leaflets, chordae, annulus and left ventricular wall.(Devereux et al.) The anterior leaflet is relatively long and semi-circular, while the posterior leaflet is shorter in normal patients.(Irvine et al.) Most commonly the posterior leaflet is affected.(Devereux et al.) During systole the leaflet balloons in to the left ventricle.(Devereux et al.) Physically, in a patient with mitral valve prolapse, the leaflet is displaced beyond the mitral anulus.(Levine et al.)

Mitral valve prolapse is usually detected through a routine physical. Most patients do not have any symptoms when the murmur may be heard. When auscultation occurs, you will hear a normal S1 and quiet systole. The valve will then have a mid-systolic click that is very pronounced. A crescendo-decrescendo is immediately heard after the mid-systolic click. This is best heard in the apex area of the chest. (Systolic Murmurs- Mitral Valve Prolapse) To properly diagnose the disorder an echocardiogram has to be done. An echocardiogram is an ultrasound of the heart that can show the characteristics of the valve and to examine if the valve is allowing leakage or backflow. (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2011) Misdiagnosis in the past effected 5-15 percent of patients who were actually suffering from other conditions that were causing the valves to bulge and mimic mitral valve prolapse. In the years past doctors would prescribe antibiotics to patients who was having dental procedures done but The American Heart Association does not recommend the prescribing

diagnosed with an irregular sized heart and mitral valve prolapse, which would have to be monitored

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) is also knows as Barlow’s Syndrome or Click Murmur Syndrome and it affects about 2-6% of the United States population. While Mitral Valve Prolapse is one of the most common heart valve abnormality that can develop in any person at any age. It is usually not life-threatening and the patient might not even have symptoms. A patient might feel symptoms such as Fatigue, chest pain, or palpitations, which will cause a doctor to run tests such as an echocardiogram; causing a detection and confirmation of the Mitral valve prolapse. The MVP abnormality is caused when one or both of the mitral valve flaps are enlarged or have extra tissue. Causing the valve leaflets to not close correctly and allow leakage of blood back into

A heart murmur are harmless, healthy and don’t need a treatment. During a physical exam, doctors know that every child has a heart murmur and can hear the whooshing sound. There are some things that can be abnormal when it can be very damaged by the heart valve which 1/3 of the populations are born with valve problems. This condition is making the heart go faster than it normally would and it can be forced to have the blood goes faster. The causes are anemia, high blood pressure, thyroid, and a fever. Those causes can make the blood flow a lot faster, which can be dangerous if the problems are by the birth defect of the child. The valves open and close by four chambers, two on top and two on bottom. Stenosis, mitral prolapse, congenital, and

Tricuspid atresia is treated from birth and involve a combination of operations within the first two years of life. Initially a cardia catheterization procedure is done to evaluate the defects. Then generally 3 operations are done, including a Blalock-Taussig shunt, Glenn Shunt (done at 4-6 months of age) which replaces the initial shunt, and finally a Fontan procedure (done at 2-3 years of age) which forms a second that directs blood from the inferior vena cava to the right pulmonary artery. The Glenn shunt is left in place. Aortic Valve Stenosis is a heart defect that is either congenital or acquired. The disease itself can be described basically as the inability of the valve to open completely. Atrial Septal defect is caused by an opening the atrial septum, there are 2 ways it can be caused, including a congenital cause, or the hole that is present in the heart of every fetus is not properly closed at the postnatal stage. Coarctation of the aorta is the narrowing of the aorta and is a congenital disease. It can occur anywhere in the aorta however most often is found in the segment just after the aortic arch. Patent Ductus Arteriosus is usually found a

Most of the heart leaked ASD close themselves during childhood. And if it does not close, a few small ASD does not cause a problem and may not require any treatment. But in the end the persistent need ASD surgery is to be corrected.

Methods: we prospectively enrolled 30 patients who had moderate rheumatic aortic regurgitation associated with pure rheumatic mitral stenosis in 15 patients ( group S) and 15 patients with pure rheumatic mitral incompetence ( group R). Quantification of the degree of the aortic incompetence done by echocardiography using the percentage of the width of the regurgitant get to the width of the left ventricular outflow tract ( LVOT). All patients had mitral valve surgery through a median sternotomy with cardiopulmonary bypass. The follow-up of the patients done over one year period by both clinical and echocardiography to estimate the progression of the degree of aortic incompetence postoperatively.

“Most people may never need to seek treatment for a heart murmur, but it’s good to have your doctor closely monitor the condition over time,” said Dr. Nitanth Vangala, Pomona Valley Hospital

Abstract: Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary tumors of the heart. Although these tumors have been reported in all cardiac chambers, myxomas arising from heart valves are extremely rare. Herein, we report a new case of a patient with mitral valve myxoma, as well as review 89 reported cases of these tumors in the literature. Mitral valve myxomas often occur in middle age patients, with slight female gender predominance. Most of these tumors arise in an isolated fashion on the atrial side of the anterior mitral valve leaflet. The embolic events were the most frequent manifestation, followed by obstructive symptoms. Unlike atrial myxomas,

For many patients, surgery is performed on the damaged valves. Surgery types differ for each individual depending upon which valves were affected, how severely they were infected, and if valves had previously been replaced artificially. Before surgery, patients must undergo a series of strenuous tests and careful assessments to be sure he or she qualifies for surgery. In a particular study, several patients were able to undergo valve replacement surgery.

The issue of MV repair in RHD is dealt with as a class IIa recommendation. Mitral valve repair may be considered in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease when surgical treatment is indicated if a durable and successful repair is likely or when the reliability of long-term anticoagulation management is questionable. Mitral valve surgery may be considered in symptomatic patients with chronic severe primary MR and LVEF less than or equal to 30% (stage D).However, MVR should not be performed for the treatment of isolated severe primary MR limited to less than one half of the posterior leaflet unless mitral valve repair has been attempted and was unsuccessful(class III).