Modeling Travel Demand For A Bus Transport System

It also increases air pollution from vehicles and puts the public to a high risk of asthma, high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, aggravation, stress, and other diseases. The high level of urbanization and car ownership causes traffic congestion and this would worsen in the future as the pollution and car ownership grows. There are various ways to reduce congestion, one possible way is to create toll on the roadways so that the public has to pay a fee associated with the roadway depending on the road characteristics, demand and supply, peak time, and other various data taken into consideration. This encourages user to choose other mode of transport which could be walking, public transit and bus, or carpooling. The toll would depend on the traveler’s willingness to pay (WTP) as a function of trip characteristics including trip urgency, length, and travel speed, traveller’s income levels, and previous exposure to tolled roadway. Travelers characteristics are asses by travellers willingness to carpool or to use the transit. ( WE cant get there from

At present the trucking industry functions on public roads and the railways function as privately owned. Each mode needs to be addressed equally to make improvements. If the government implements or funds a change to a road network it should be done to either add a benefit to the rail system. As innovations are ready to be utilized there may be a need for government assistance in implementation due to the scale of which the transportation modes operate. The nation’s railway is the largest in the world due to the amount of land mass it crosses and size of the country. A balance needs to be achieved between the companies that own the transportation companies and the nations end goal that is beneficial to both the public and private sector. The many different trucking and railway companies needs legislature to be in effect on a federal level so each company falls within the guidelines across the country. The private and public sectors need to synchronized their future goals and develop timelines together to reach their end

Automobile is one of the most important transportation thing that is now governing the transportation all through the world and it's use is rising over the time. The North Americans seem to be dependent on automobile, but the new implementation of urban planning methods and new transportation systems is going to take on automobile use in coming years and some reasons are as following.

A Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) was approved for the city under the JNNURM.[11] This will make use of dedicated lanes for buses, allowing for an efficient, high-speed mode of transport for the public, reducing traffic congestion and improving safety. The project is planned for completion by the end of 2015.

Golangco (2015) stated that LRT is one of the fastest transportation that commuters use to go to their work or school even if it is crowded. But the incidents in trains still continue, like the lack of good trains that function well, the broken trains and the unexpected accidents in railroads. The situation that mentioned is really hard face every day especially for the students and workers who always use LRT. There is not enough trains running in the track meaning the passengers have two choices to make; one is to wait for another train which is more comfortable or to risk their comfortability to ride in a congested train in order to reach their destination fast.

Introduction:The metro-railproject is a much talked development project in the country now a days. After the Padma bridge project it is the most talked and most expensive development project of the country.The project has been undertaken by the government of Bangladesh to reduce the massive traffic jam and to make easy the transportation system within the Dhaka city. Dhaka is the one of the most populated mega city of the world. To provide a better transport facility to its citizen Dhaka has not that much good transport system to carry the passengers within the city. To ensure the improved, faster, comfortable and time bound transport system in the Dhaka the government of Bangladesh has undertaken the metro-rail project.

In a research conducted by Zahavi, it was proven that the travel time budget at different time periods remains stable and is a constant amount of time, close to one hour per day in different major cities. He further classified traffic models as Aggregate and Disaggregate traffic models. Aggregate models, which describe the area wide or average socio-economic variables on travel demand and Disaggregate models, describe the influence of personal characteristics and transportation system supply behavioral choice mechanism of trip makers. The concept of stable daily travel time budgets resulted in Zahavi analyzing the importance of travel speed. The main objective of this analysis was to discover if the

With all major cities in the world, such as: New York City, Tokyo and Paris, comes a exceptional transit system. Whether its is subways, buses, light rail transit (LRT) or a combination of the above, they all perform a crucial role in transporting people from one destination to the next. Since opening in 1954, Toronto’s Transit Commission, also known as the TTC, has a system that just about cover every part of Toronto, with 4 subway/rapid transit lines, 143 bus and 11 streetcar routes in 2015, (TTC, 2015). Unfortunately, the TTC is still plagued with many problems, such as: unexplained delay and overcrowding, which decline the riderships and revenues (Curry, 2016; Hume, 2016). Furthermore the population of the greater toronto area (GTA) is expected to grow in the upcoming years, Toronto’s transit system would not be ready for the increase in capacity (CrosstownTO, 2014). Therefore in order to increase the transit system’s capacity and make it more appealing, more LRT/Bus lines would need to be built in the GTA due to their constructability, benefits to society and the environment, flexibility in suburbs and their low risks in meeting ridership goal.

Public transport has become very easy to use, with applications that you can download onto your smartphone, you can know exactly when your bus or train will arrive at your bus stop. Science and technology have really improved the efficiency, comfort and ease of access associated with transport.

London Transport Buses (1999) claims “a dramatic improvement” in both the quality of bus services provided and the value for money achieved. Other authors have assessed these claims: White (2000), White and Tough (1995), Kennedy (1995b). Salient features include: cost reductions of 47% per bus mile between 1985/6 and 1998/9 (White, 2000); a reduction in the number of bids per contract from 7 in early 1995 to 3 in late 1996 (ibid.); cheaper costs to the tendering authority of about 10% per bus mile for gross contracts rather than net (White and Tough, 1995); and lower bid prices as the number of bids exceeds four (Kennedy, 1995b).

What is public transportation? Public Transportation is shared passenger transport service which can be using by all people. There are many type of public transport that we can use in daily life which is car pooling, taxi, busses and train. Nowadays the benefits and the importance of public transportation giving impact to everyone, even those who might are never board a train or bus. In recent years, voters around the country overwhelmingly passed local public transport ballot measures (On The Move, 2007). So the public transportation can give many advantages in human life that can make people to saving time and money, reduce pollutions and have safe journey.

India’s large urban population has left our systems of public transport is extremely overwhelmed, demands far exceeding the limited supply of transport infrastructure and services, absconding most buses and trains services as overcrowded, undependable and dangerous. Our cities desperately need improved and expanded public transport services. However “With 23 percent of its urban population living in poverty, India has been forced to keep its public transport fares extremely low. Making it difficult to afford even routine maintenance and vehicle replacement, let alone system modernization and expansion.” (Pucher, John)

For reporting and analysis purposes, RapidKL uses the automatically collected data to estimate the route ridership per hour. This data can be used to predict the total route ridership to be distributed to each key stop (schedule time points and stops with high passenger demand). The primary data source for evaluating this study is the raw automatically collected data from Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL), Automatic Passenger Counting (APC) and Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) systems. The data from these systems is saved on the bus and transferred to the RapidKL database when the bus refuels. The data from the AVL system can be used to identify running times and terminal departure behaviour (in response to schedule deviation). The AFC system creates a record for each fare transaction involving the smart media or magnetic stripe fare media: passengers paying with cash and non-paying passengers (e.g. children) are not

Certain function can be carried out satisfactorily only by the central or local government even where the provision of public transport is left entirely to the private sector, the government has an important role to play. If only to ensure through appropriate policy measures that the operating environment is conducive to the development of a suitable transport industry. A fundamental requirement is full government commitment to the success of the transport system even if this requires difficult political decision. In this report, there are few reasons for government involvement in the transport industry with of course based on real-life examples.

> Mass rapid transit system (MRTS)-new railway route from Tiruvanmiyur to Mamallapuram and extending it upto puducherry in next phase and MRTS in corporations like Madurai , Tiruchi , Tanjavur ,Salem , Erode .