Models of Health

According to Baggott (2004) the biomedical model of health looks at individual physical functioning and describes bad health as the presence of disease and illness symptoms as a result of physical cause such as injury or infections and attempts to ignore social and psychological factors. Baggott (2004) states that the features of biomedical model rest mainly on biomedical changes, which can be defined, measured and isolated. In effect this is directed

The biopsychosocial model (BPS) of health is a framework developed by George L. Engle. This approach postulates that health and illness are influenced by biological, psychological and social factors. These factors are all involved in the causes, manifestation, course and consequence of health and diseases. The biopsychosocial model was introduced as an alternative approach to the biomedical model which is a more narrow approach (Abraham, 2008). The biomedical model states that diseases can only be

Biomedical model of health is an approach which eliminates psychological and social factors (environment) but only comprises biological issues in trying to recognize or understand an individual`s medical illness/disorder. The biomedical model of health looks upon treatment in expression of changing the body by medical intervention forms. Also this model seeks to look at what is wrong and fix that part of individual as it focuses on illness rather than health as well as diagnosing an individual`s illness.

An example is The Biopsychosocial Model (Engel, 1977) which links biological, social and psychological components to health. Borrell-Carrio, Suchman, & Epstein (2004) stated that Engel wanted to design a model that would summate a patient’s subjective experience of an illness that could not be answered on a biomedical level to the objective experience. An expansion of this earlier model is illustrated in the Whitehead & Dahlgren’s (1991) five layered social model. Situated in the centre is the individual, primarily focused on genetic factors, surrounding it are lifestyle factors (e.g. personal eating habits) and social and community networks (e.g. school peers). The second outer layer is working and living conditions allowing access to essential services and the outermost layer is general socioeconomic, culture and environmental

As stated by the World Health Organization (WHO), ‘health’ is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 1948). The health and wellbeing of individuals is generally determined by their circumstances and environment, a phenomenon known as the social determinants of health. WHO describes the social determinants of health as:

The Biomedical health model is developed in early twenty- century where people used to die in large numbers from the infectious diseases such as Rabies, Chickenpox, TB. The biomedical model defines health as the state of being well physically. in the other hand, based this model if a person looks good and is not sick physically, he/she is considered as a healthy person.

3. Distinguish between illness and disease. How are these concepts related to the medical model of health care delivery?

The central theme revolving around the biomedical model is it inability to analyze other components besides the biological factor when determining a patient’s health. This approach does not acknowledge other possible elements involved in the health of a patient, instead it focuses directly on analyzing and focusing on pure “biophysical or genetic malfunctions” (Biomedical Models and Resources, 1998). Whereas the biopsychosocial model demonstrates that “health and illness are determined by a dynamic interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors” (Brown et al., 2005). Due to the profound examination this model provides when diagnosing a patient’s health, it has become essential to the medical field. More importantly, its

Firstly, to enable me to describe and explain these concepts, I will first need to know the right definition of health. According to WHO (World Health Organisation), health is a state of condition of a person with complete physical, mental and social well – being and not just simply the absence of disease or illness. This simply means that being physically fit does not mean a person is already healthy, there are other factors that need to be looked at in order to say that a person is really healthy. According to WHO’s concept

Social determinants of health are financial and social conditions which impact the condition of individuals and groups. These conditions are formed by the measure of cash, power, and assets which individuals require, all of which are affected by approach decisions. Social determinant of health affect influences which are linked to health results. Influences linked to health results include: How a man creates amid the initial few years of life (early adolescence growth). The amount of training a man's acquires. Obtaining and keeping employment. What sort of work a man does. Having nourishment or having the capacity to get (sustenance security). Having admittance to health administrations and the nature of those administrations; lodging status;

Social determinants of health are the general socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions in which people are born, grow,

According to WHO, The biomedical model views health as the absence of diseases or disorders (ohprs).The biomedical model of health focuses on risk behaviours and healthy lifestyles with an emphasises health education, changing knowledge, attitudes and skills. It focuses on individual responsibility, treats people in isolation of their environments biochemical explanations of ill health as the basis for treatment and intervention, as opposed to the focus of other forms of non-allopathic medicine (see Alternative or complementary

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), “health” is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 1948). The health and wellbeing of individuals is commonly determined by their circumstances and environment, a phenomenon known as social determinants of health. WHO describes the social determinants of health as,

Over the past many years, several health models have been developed to show the mechanisms by which Social Determinants of Health (SDH) affect health outcomes, to make explicit the linkages among different types of health

Q1. Which model of health would be the most suitable for you to use and why?