Modern Aircraft Brakes

In this report a comparison of three Braking systems; Calliper, Drum and Disc will be made on a variety of areas including –

The development and use of the disk brakes was fist in England in the 1980’s. Frederick William Lanchaster was the first guy that patented the first ever caliper-type disk brake in his Birmingham factory in 1902 and it was used successfully on his Lanchaster cars. He struggled to keep up the maintenance of a quality brake because of the limited choice of metals in the period of time. Causing him to use copper as the braking medium acting on the disk. However, due to the bad road conditions, it didn’t allow copper to last very long because copper can wear out easily, making the disk brake system non-viable.

Manufacturing is a step of process used to convert raw materials into some useful part or product. In our day to day life the parts or a product that are used which are manufactured or derived from another materials it is fundamental objectives for all the problems, and these parts are manufactured by using some of the equipments.

Chemical machining (CHM) process is a controlled chemical dissolution (CD) of a workpiece material by contact with strong reagent (etchant). Special coatings called maskants protect areas from which the metal is not to be machined. It is one of the non-conventional machining processes.

Briefly, the goal of the following project which is its overview is to assess the manufacturing techniques that

Brakes have been around for a few years, and only a couple different types of brakes can be manufactured. The two classifications of brakes are disc brakes and drum brakes. Drum brakes are an older type of brake that uses springs and levers to apply brake pads to the wheels. Disc brakes are a newer type of brake that uses a piston and an O-ring to apply pressure to the brake pads. Which in turn creates friction to a rotor that is bolted to the wheel, whereas drum brakes only apply pressure to the wheel (Stockel, Auto Service 714). These brakes have been used in many different vehicles as well as used in trailers and motorcycles. Disc brakes are seen in most cars today throughout the world; though they did not start out as the best brake when they were first engineered, disc brakes are now the best leading brakes out there because of the quality and performance level that was engineered into this brake.

Evolution and innovation are two of the most important factors in the development of aerospace design. When faced with a design problem the decision has to be made whether to develop the current idea, or whether to explore a new idea. The decision chosen will usually be a mixture of both.

The aircraft manufacturing industry consists of completed aircrafts, aircraft engines and engine parts and other aircraft parts and systems. Completed aircraft manufacturing accounts for over 60% of the aircraft manufacturing industry, the largest sector. Aircraft engines and other aircraft parts and systems account for smaller equal parts of the industry. Please refer to figure 4. The aircraft segment includes completed large commercial aircrafts, regional aircrafts, business jets, helicopters and ultra-light aircraft. Completed aircraft manufactures also build completed aircrafts for the defense department and international defense agencies. The aircraft engine segment also includes the manufacturing of single engine parts, as well as completed engines. The other aircraft parts and systems segment includes products like propellers, transmission, landing gear, etc. The aircraft manufacturing industry is a $233 billion industry (Soshkin, 2015). In the past five years the industry as a whole has seen a 7.1% growth and is projected to have a 4.1% growth through the next five years. The product segmentation of the industry is 63% completed aircraft, 19.1% engine and engine parts, and 20.6% other aircraft parts and systems (Soshkin, 2015). The industry is a mature industry. Products are sold two ways, to commercial buyers and to government buyers. Over half of the products sold are sold to commercial buyers, but the most expensive items are sold

Manufacturing process and techniques (Information on these is also shown in Materials section of app)

As an engineer will have to decide the best combination of engine and thrust device to attach to an aircraft. This report covers the technical developments in the advancement in propulsion systems. This is in conjunction with social, environmental and safety impacts an engineer must have

Since the first aircraft was developed for flight, people have had a goal to improve the aircraft’s physical applications and production of the aircraft more profitable. These changes made aircraft lighter and have increase flight ranges for aircraft for useful for people. In aircraft modification in today’s world is making another major leap in attempting to replace metal structures on aircraft. The reasons for the changes are due to production cost, to create a lighter aircraft, to increase load capabilities, and aim to prevent fatigue and corrosion damage.

The future of passenger aircraft and their manufactures has an amazing outlook. Every year the brightest minds in aviation compile the greatest technological advances towards creating the safest and most economical aircraft on the planet. No detail is over looked, and the bottom dollar is the all controlling factor. From private aircraft to public aircraft, space exploration and beyond, the future is bright for the passenger aircraft market, and everyone who purchases air travel should be excited to see how industry unfolds.

Engineering is a field of precision and optimization. The basics of engineering are embedded in the fact that a successful engineer will design and manufacture products with maximum utility and lowest costs. This will maximize efficiency and result in a product that lives up to its usefulness. The engineering field has seen a lot of innovations that may not always materialize into successful products for the end user, due to the only reason that they are not cost effective and adaptable solutions. This has given rise to the fact that now engineers in the design phase carefully weigh the choices in regards to the materials they use. This ensures the fact that all the hard work, energy and resources spent in designing a product are not laid to waste as the materials required to design the product are not suitable in the sense that the product’s cost will surely outweigh the utility it provides. Along with cost effectiveness, the practicality and ease of manufacturing are basic considerations for a product. A product too complex and demanding will require a longer production time, be susceptible to more errors, require more maintenance and also take longer to assemble and disassemble in case of trouble shooting for errors.

It has to be highlighted that in order to facilitate the reverse engineering requirements, the individual parts were drawn by using appropriate software (Catia V6) and the corresponding individual component dimensions were measured. By taking into consideration the appropriate dimensions and facts, a CAD model was developed by means of Catia software for digitally document the design information. It has to be highlighted that further design changes in the disc brake is performed in accordance to necessary requirements and final assembly is generally carried out by means of comprehensive manufacturing drawings which were prepared. Reverse engineering finds frequent use as a highly useful tool for manufacturers in the aspect of re-considering their product design in a well-organized, efficacious and economical method. As far as the process of providing insights regarding the design parameters that affect the longevity and performance pertaining to the products are concerned, reverse engineering has served as a methodology to facilitate the study of mechanical engineering components and keeping up to pace with the contemporary market requirements. It has to be highlighted that one of the most prominent aftermarket auto parts manufacturers in the global scenario has necessitated the use of

26.1 Why are the nontraditional material removal processes important? Answer. Reasons for importance of are nontraditional material removal processes (1) the need to shape new metal alloys and non-metals that are difficult to machine by conventional processes; (2) the requirement of unusual and complex workpart geometries; and (3) the need to avoid surface damage which is often associated with conventional machining. 26.2 There are four categories of nontraditional machining processes, based on principal energy form. Name the four categories. Answer. The four categories