Modern Indi A Pluralistic, Multilingual, And Multi Ethnic Society

The general cause of the Indian Independence Movement was India’s desire for independence from British, French and Portuguese Rule. The aim of the movement was “Swaraj, a self-governing India” (Sharma, 2005, p. 22). One, more specific, cause of the Indian Independence Movement took place in 1905 when the province of Bengal was divided into two provinces,

The only thing they had an interest in was their own profit and not the well-being of Indians. Lalvani said that the British’s push to make India a great country was “superbly efficient” and maybe it was, but like Gandhi says in Document 1, “You have given us no responsibility of our own government.” The people of India never got to prove themselves; Britain was already so advanced before that, that India had no time to play catch up or stand up for themselves. Britain created the foundation for India’s various government systems (Lalvani). Out of the 960 civil offices, 900 of them had British tenants (Doc 2). So in a since it is true that Britain set up the systems but it also shows that there was an unequal say in how India should have been governed and gave no Indians any room to help. Keeping in mind the Englishmen had no genuine interest in India’s people which led to even more unjust laws natives had to comply

British Imperialism had a negative impact on the politics of India because the British took away control of the country for their benefit and enforced laws that discriminated against Indians. Lavani claims the British “established the framework for India’s justice system, civil service, loyal army, and efficient police force.” However, this framework was not intended for the Indians, but for the British. For example, 94% of government positions were held by Englishman (Doc. #2). These people had “no permanent interest in their well-being” and returned to England after “forty-five or fifty-five years of age with large pensions (Doc. #2).” This shows the British government used India as a source of wealth and controlled the people without

Throughout the years many historians have compilated and examined why Indian people were so desperate to gain back their independence from the British Empire during their rule over India, from 1612 to 1947. The reasoning can most definitely be found as the British discriminated against Indian people as they believe that they were inferior; it is no surprise that Indian people fought so hard for their independence. Throughout the British Raj, they placed and put forward unbelievably racist acts and laws which discriminated against Indian people. Which of course led to Indians to rebel against the British rule and which the British reacted with causing massacres. Explaining the nationalistic many India’s felt during the British Raj.

While the British assumed control over India, they created the advanced infrastructure of its newly founded political system and military with the sole purpose to restricted the native population. According to Lalvani, all of India’s standards for its justice system, civil service, army and police force were all set by the British imperialist. Although the framework was set to have an efficient way of governing the native land and population, it did not include Indians and instead served the needs of englishmen. Out of 960 civil offices, 900 positions were occupied by englishmen and only the remaining 60 were filled by natives (Doc.2.) Ultimately, through the creation of heavy taxation and freedom restricting laws that only affected the Indian

In a quest to find raw materials, the British East India Company slowly started to take over India. Then in 1757 they won a decisive battle against India. A year later after the sepoy rebellion the British took direct control of India. Britain’s government of India resulted in massive change politically, economically, and socially. The British completely made a mess of the Indians calm government politically and economically, the British did give Indians a better life socially.

Under British rule, India began receiving some positive changes that modernized its society. The British had already introduced their political, social, and economic ideals to India due to the previous influence of the East India trade company. India adopted the ideas of liberty, equality, human rights, science and technology from the British, and reformed their government into a centralized political system. In addition, many new legal measures were taken to protect the women and children of India. The ritual in

Although it could be argued that Britain unified India 500 million diverse Indians, and built a strong Indian army, they had an extremely strict cruel government that eliminated Indians freedom and used their own army against them as punishment. According to Dr. Lalvani imperialism in India resulted in “the bringing together of several different states into one unified India” However before the British came to India Hindus and Muslims lived together in peace for centuries. And while Britain was present and after they left the two religious groups were extremely divided and violently fought. Including wars that resulted in “5,000 people dead and 12,000 people hurt” (Gandhi). Britain encouraged separation and division of Muslims and HIndus because of the attack strategy, “divide and conquer” upon the idea that it would be easier to take over and govern a country that was fighting among

For example: “Indians were now viewed as backward, and the British justified their dominance with this belief. Only British people could have higher posts in the civil service, and officers in the company’s armies had to be European. The Indian justice system was replaced with a British court system.” (E. India Company Rules). By not having adequate say in the political system, India’s policies started to favor British power rather than the Indian people.

India is no different, the Sepoy Rebellion was one of the main stands the Indians took to defend their beliefs. With the British's complete disregard of Hindu and Muslim practices, Indians broke into outrage when asked to bite off the ammunition cartridge greased with pork and beef fat. How could they not? Their entire belief system itself was being threatened. Although out of this gruesome cultural war Gandhi emerged with a new way of thinking, without violence. With Gandhi’s defiance, a salt taxation was released which gave even more control to the British Raj. Although stopping Gandhi’s way of thinking was helpless and the Indians took yet another stand with the 1930’s Salt March. Though there were some laws that Gandhi could not take a stand too. Some of the government released laws were careless and did not seem to have any purpose but to irk the Indian people. Being treated as second class citizens in their own home is what the people came to know, racist attitude also dominated around the country of India.

On the other hand, India has spent a majority of its history as a colony of England. It was not until 1947 that India became an independent nation state, after a grassroots nationalist movement started by Gandhi, and even then they were a one party congress. They are also an interesting case of democracy because of how many unfavorable aspects towards it they had, such as high inequality, many peasants, and many different languages and religions (Lecture). In 1956, India was broken up into states by the States Reorganization Act, that made state lines based on linguistic group. India’s founding leaders mirrored the ideas of America, in balancing states rights with a central government (Sil, 2014). They have also more recently gone through a liberalization of their economy. India is unique in the way that their social hierarchy is constructed because of the fact that they have a caste system. The caste system is a combination of religious practice and community organization that is a part of Hinduism (Sil, 2014). This system was officially demolished in the country, but in the country it is still very prevalent, and the focus on helping those who were in lower castes succeed has made people more aware of the way they institute social policies.

The Army's Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Culture Center characterizes culture as a "dynamic social framework," containing the qualities, convictions, practices, and standards of a particular gathering, association, society or other group that is found out, shared, and disguised by individuals from that society (Watson, 2010). Culture frames the premise of how individuals translate, comprehend, and react to everything around them. There are numerous meanings of culture utilized by the United States military. The all-encompassing shared characteristic is that culture is a common comprehension and conviction framework made by individuals from a specific culture or gathering in a general public (HQDA, 2014). Culture influences practically

When the British came to India they were going to educate them to be able to run their own country India like other colonial countries was taken on by the British for ‘the better of the people’ until ready for independence. However, Gandhi believed that the British would never give them their independence due to the benefit to the British economy. “The British claimed to be making India more civilised but really they felt that they would never give India back to the Indians.” (India and The British Empire - The Changes, 2012) As this quote shows the opinions of a British official in India. “Unless Indians can govern India wisely and well, in accordance with modern national ideas, they have no more right to India than Hottentots have to the Cape, or the black fellows to Australia. In my opinion, Hindus would never govern, Hindustan a half, a quarter, nay one tenth as well as Englishmen” (India and The British Empire - The Changes, 2012). British took control over India since they had raw materials that were being imported to Britain such as silk and spices, British trade had made a lot of money for themselves and the government. British would exert whatever means necessary to demonstrate that through economic superiority and power, India was at its mercy (Brown, 2016). The British intended to slowly take

Scholar Prince J. Stern said that it turned India into “a company state.” Gradually, as the 19th century came in, we saw the “ceiling” of the British colony times. During this time, India was thought about as a primary aspect of the British Empire. The British Empire at this point was known for “the sun never setting” because it expanded on both hemispheres. The British colonization of India had major effects on their culture, political, and economic aspects.

Further evidence shows that more British involvement over the course of two centuries made nearly all aspects of Indian society weaker overall. Areas that experienced direct British rule have significantly lower levels of access to education, roads, and healthcare in the postcolonial period, thereby demonstrating that the quality of governance during Britain’s imperial rule in India had a significant effect on the country after becoming an independent nation in 1947 (Fisher).