Modernization Theory And Global Inequality

Over time some societies become more modern than others creating an unequal balance among other states globally. It is the thought that the modernization theory in some societies, are left behind because of advances in technology and within the economy also (Macionis and Plummer, 2012:p 306). Rostow (1990: p12) suggested that the modernization theory is created by an outside government or corporation to introduce new technologies and build industries to make money. As the four phases of modernization are explained above, it is simple to understand how these societies built upon modernization can create global inequalities and unequal balance within an underdeveloped society. However,

It is a commonly accepted that inequality is increasing throughout the globe, with startling statistics such as the recent Oxfam report indicating that the richest 85 people in the world own more wealth than the poorest 3.5 billion people(Oxfam Australia Media, 2014). Inequality is thought of as disparities or gaps, such as the distance between a low income and a high income household, or the ratio of their incomes (Divided We Stand, 2011). Domestic inequality refers to inequality within a country and

Inequality, a subject that usually focuses on developing countries or communistic governments, is now a topic that no longer focuses predominantly on these foreign nations; but rather one that lies here, on our own soil. The United States has one of the largest socioeconomic gaps on earth. In terms of dollars, our gap is greater than a majority of impoverished countries. In a country like Chad, someone could earn a thousand dollars a year and another

In an economy, income inequality means the unequal distribution of household or individual income over many participants. It is also often presented as a percentage of income for a given percentage of the population. Most people associated income inequality with the concept of income fairness. Assuming that the rich have a larger share of the income of a country than the population in general, then they acknowledge it unfair. What causes the income inequality might be vary? It could be region, education, sex as well as social status. Income is the amount of money you earn from your job or investment. However, wealth is the amount you own, such as car, home, retirement amount, saving accounts, and so on. Even though, we are not living in the

Measurable changes in society, and the policies that drive them, spring from abstract strains of thought that develop over time. This is the case with many paradigms of development theory, such as that of Modernization Theory. Modernization theory is closely associated with modernity, a concept that is particularly difficult to define in concrete terms; however, there are several points that help one grasp its complexity. Giddens (1990) sees modernity as particular modes of social life that reflect 17th century European values of progress and enlightenment thinking. As well, one can view modernization as a continuous project, meant to liberate countries from their traditional ‘backward’ way of life and become more aligned with Western ideals (Cooper 2005). Modernization became a popular theory due to its roots in the sociological theory behind modernity and capitalism, as well as the perpetuation of its necessity by developmental economists. Modernization theory was considered an effective method for development due to the assumption that its success domestically, as shown by the Tennessee Valley Authority in the 1930’s, would be just as effective on foreign nations (Ekbladh 2002). Despite this, there are more recent criticisms that contest the efficacy of modernization in current development discourse regarding non-economic barriers to development and the theory’s inherent euro-centric underpinnings. The first section of this paper discusses Max Weber’s spirit

Economic inequality among countries has been declining due to the increased inequality within countries. This has been mainly caused by the introduction of globalization, resulting in the decline of production in the developed countries. For instance, in my global issues class, we had to discuss globalization and whether it was a good or bad thing. Whereas, some of us said it was a good thing, few of my classmates stated that globalization is known for making the rich even richer, and increasing uneven economy within

Here, researchers looked at data in global income inequality over the past 200 years. By looking at the evidence, Oatley comes to the conclusion that globalization has indeed resulted in the increasing inequality gap with increasing wealth for the rich, which in turn has resulted in the increasing poverty for the poor. According to Oatley, globalization has also transformed social inequality from simply being a local problem (state based) to being an international one. This is to say that wealth is globally being accumulated by the wealthy from the poor. Here, the net effect of globalization appears to be bad. This is not only because of the fact that inequality is on the increase, but also because it has significant impacts on different nations in general. This is to say that globalization leaves various third world countries at the mercy of other wealthy nations. For instance, although the global south (developing and third world countries) are dependent on the developed nations, they are also the producers of raw material and even labor. However, raw materials are sold cheaply to the developed nations, where they are processed and refined and then re-sold at high profit margins. While the developing nations and other third world countries will indeed see some benefits here, it is

The modernization process has been experienced in different ways by different countries that some of them succeeded and some of them failed. Theoretically it has been defined as “a concept in the sphere of social science that refers to the process in which society goes through industrialization, urbanization and other social changes” (Zapf, 2004).Even there is no single approach toward this process, evolutionism, diffusionism, structural functionalism, systems theory and interactionism as well as other disciplines such as political science, economics, anthropology, psychology and others are combined to be known as modernization theory.

The overriding difference between modernization theory and dependency theory is that where modernization theory contends that there are universal practices that result in economic success, dependency theory states that poor countries are subordinated by wealthier ones in order to maintain the status quo. To this end, modernization theory involves the belief that by adopting principles of wealthy nations, such as technology and mass culture, economically disenfranchised cultures can enjoy success (Weinstein, 2008). Implicit in modernization theory is that every country can achieve success through following the same framework.

Modernization is a structural explanation that sees rural poverty as a result of a lack of economic and industrial development. According to modernization, traditional values and practices prevented the acceptance of new technologies and institutions. This point of view looks past the individual and points

A character whose view align with Modernization theory would be Benjamin Powell of the free market institute. In the documentary he says “These low wage manufacturing, so called sweatshops, they are not just the least bad option workers have today there part of the very process that raises living standards

Modernization theory is a hypothesis used to clarify the procedure of modernization that a country experiences as it moves from a simple society to a modern one. Dependency theory is the idea that assets spill out of a fringe of poor and immature states to a centre of rich states, enhancing the latter to the detriment of the former. These two theories contrast in that modernization theory clarifies how created states work and develop, whereas dependency theory outline how work and develop are restricted. Modernization theory clarifies the advancement and improvement of innovation in more steady regions of the world (Culp, 2014). Dependency theory looks at the impacts that modernization in one district has on different parts of the world. Dependency theory is more comprehensive than modernization theory. Modernization theory emphasises that instruction, innovation and broad communications are noteworthy reasons why created districts pull ahead from others. Be that as it may, modernization theory does not operate on a worldwide scale where the assets, work and power originate to make this advancement conceivable. In modernization theory, the majority of the advancements that local areas or states make originate from an aggregate interior exertion.

Modernization theory and dependency theory can be seen as the two most important development theories of the 20th century. Modernization theory of development can be first credited to Walt Rostow. According to Rostow, “ It is possible to identify all societies in their economic dimensions, as lying in one of the five categories: the traditional society, the precondition for takeoff stage, the takeoff stage, the drive to maturity stage, and the age of mass consumption stage. Rostow believed that every country moves from one discrete state to the next. Modernization theory considered that all countries exist along various points of single developmental path. Every country fell along the same developmental spectrum. The modernization theorists maintained that the today’s developed countries have gone through all the stages of development and the developed nations were also underdeveloped at some point in time. All the nations go through the stages of industrialization and capitalism to become developed. The modernization theory runs on the assumption that underdeveloped countries are underdeveloped because they lack the requisite capital, proper institutions and ethos of entrepreneurship and rationality.

The political scientists, economists, philosophers, and other scientists have different views and ideas about development and modernization such as, Adam Smith, Karl Marx, Lenin, Baron, and Frank are the different scientist that introduced development theory. Similarly, this paper offers a discussion of modernization theory between two Asian

Well, the term "Development" is the process of positive change which brings improvement in the lives of everyone all over the world. It is a dynamic process so its positive impact falls on people, family, community, village and town equally keep on changing without gapping. Inequality is the result of disparity particularly on earning ability as well as lack of opportunity on authorization of property or wealth. Due to the inequality, it refers that a particular situation in socio-economic field as a poverty in which a person lacks even the fulfillment of basic needs, desires of everyday life and it results low level of living standard, low per capita income, social-disorder, measurable-productivity, no security of life and property, lack of balanced diet, excessive dependency propensity on others particularly capital and technological sectors and excessive outgoing propensity of the high cream profile i.e. brain drain. Similarly, inequality brings the situation of economic-crisis and it results measurable condition in socio-economic field and its scenario will be seen as high mortality rate, unfair socio-environment, high level of corruption, loose of discipline as well as moral feeling among the people in every country (Economy).