Module 7 Solutions Manual ACCT

10. Gains/Losses are "generally" recorded at the same amount for both Capital Accounts and Tax Basis.

The first two items total to the income statement amount, the third seems to be buried, inexplicably, in

25-7 If a loss cannot be accrued in the period when ti is probable that an asset had been impaired or a liability had been incurred because the amount of loss cannot be reasonable estimated, the loss shall be charged to the income of the period in which the loss can be reasonably estimated and shall not be charged retroactively to an earlier period. All estimated losses for loss contingencies shall be charged to income rather than charging some to income and others to retained earnings as prior period adjustments.”

Why are noncash transactions, such as the exchange of common stock a building, included on a statement of cash flows? How are these noncash transactions disclosed?

A corporation that distributes property that has appreciated in value must recognize a gain at the time of distribution. The corporation is treated as if it had sold the property. The gain equals the property 's fair market value less its adjusted basis. Code Sec. (b). However, the corporation does not recognize a loss if the property had declined in value. Also, the corporation recognizes no gain or loss if t distributes its own stock rights to its shareholders. Code Sec. (a). The character of the recognized gain depends on the property distributed; thus it may be ordinary income, capital gain, or Section 1231 gain.

Every sale or disposition results in a realized gain or loss (unless, of course, the amount realized is equal to the adjusted basis). Most realized gains or losses become recognized gains or losses and are included on the taxpayer’s tax return and increases (or decreases in the case of a loss) the taxpayer’s taxable income and subsequent tax. However, there are some realized gains or losses that are excluded from income or deferred to a later time period.

There is an general increase of sales when the income statement is provided. “The income statement reports the revenues and expenses for a specific time period.” (Weygandt, J. Kieso, D. Kimmel, P. 2008) The format of an income statement is listed with revenues first then expenses. Net loss is when the expenses exceed the revenue and net income is

The company accounts for these transactions as sales in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 77, ‘’Reporting

There presents some positive evidence to avoid the recording of valuation allowance. First, Packer, Inc has a profitable operation history from 1995 to 1997, despite a significant loss in 1994. This is agreed by FASB, which states that a “strong earnings history coupled with evidence indicating that the loss (for example, an unusual, infrequent, or extraordinary item) is an aberration rather than a continuing condition” is a piece of positive evidence (FASB 740-10-30-22). These profits may be carried forward into the future to offset net-operating loss. Secondly, Packer may not generate any significant U.S Federal tax net operating loss carry forwards in the near future because it has the ability to utilize tax planning, such as capitalization of R&D. Thirdly, Packer has never lost deferred tax benefits due to expiration of a US net operating loss carry-forwards.

Therefore whatever true profit is, it is not the accounting profit, as I believed before.

INVESTools should definitely capitalize these expenses. The practice of not capitalizing these expenses has led to routine recording of net losses

Since the net income reported in the statement of cash flows is transferred from the profit and loss account which is the difference between revenue and expenditures all of two types;

iii. The total income statement impact is exactly the same. The computations turn out to be identical because it is essentially a backwards way of computing the initial cost of the asset of $10,673, minus the proceeds from the sale $7,500, which both gives you $3,173. The difference between the two is perception. One reports a gain on disposals, while the other reports a loss.

Furthermore, since depreciation is not really a cash outflow, it is added back to earnings before interest and taxes to calculate the operating cash flow.

It is also important to zero out the non-fund based adjustments in order to capture only the changes that are accompanies by flow of funds. However, income accrued but received and expenses incurred but not received reckoned in the profit and loss statement should not be excluded from the profit figure for the fund flow statement.