Molecular Functions Of Gonorrhea By Chad Morrison Bio Essay

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the obligate human pathogen that causes the sexually transmitted disease (STD) gonorrhea. This Gram-negative diplococci/gonococci does not infect other animals or experimental animals and does not survive freely in the environment. The gonococcal infection occurs in the upper or lower tract, pharynx, ophthalmic area, rectum, and bloodstream. During the 1980’s gonorrhea was also referred to as “the clap” when public awareness was quite minimal. This was one of the venereal diseases prostitutes hoped to contract since it resulted in infertility by pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). As documentation, diagnostic testing, and public awareness improved, there has been a decline

People who practice anal intercourse can get gonorrhea of the rectum. Even women who do not

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease that however, can be transmitted through sharing of sex toys and can also be transmitted "from mother to child during vaginal delivery." (Women's Health Zone, 2011) The work of Brooks (nd) states "People usually report symptoms 2-15 after exposure, although some people show no symptoms at all. Men are more likely to notice symptoms than are women. Males with asymptomatic urethritis are important reservoirs for transmission and are at increased risk for developing complications. If there are symptoms, both male and females usually have white/yellow discharge, dysuria, and irritation or

Chlamydia is a bacterial infection that is found in semen and vaginal fluids. It can be spread through anal, vaginal, and oral sex to your sex partner. Because Chlamydia is a bacterial infection it can be cured with the use of antibiotics, but the individual will have to be tested first. Chlamydia can show no signs in patients but if it does patients will experience a burning sensation when urinating, lower abdomen pain, discharge from penial and vaginal area, swollen testicles, and pain or bleeding in anal area. It has been reported that 466 Chlamydia cases have been diagnosed per 100,000. Specifically in Huntsville, Texas there has been an increase amount of Chlamydia cases reported at Sam Houston State University. The rise in Chlamydia cases was due to a lot more students at the Sam Houston State

Most people have heard of the STD (sexual transmitted disease) chlamydia because it is one of the most common. As stated on Center for Disease Control and Prevention chlamydia is the most common among females, but males can be infected as well. Even the symptoms can go unnoticed, but chlamydia can be cured. Even though it can be cured chlamydia can but cause serious damage to a woman’s reproductive organs.

The lack of difference in the rates of repeat gonorrhea infection by region of birth might be attributable to access of care. In the U.S. Army, all active duty personnel have access to free medical care. In this regard, African-American personnel, who are from the south and are low-income before military service, would then have higher health care access. This may result in rates of repeat gonorrhea infection being similar by region of birth after joining the U.S. Army. Another possibility is that region of birth is a key determinant of gonorrhea incidence, but not for repeat infections, and other behavioral, biological, and socio-cultural factors may influence the risk of repeat infection among women. Newmand and Berman (2008), report

The most common sexually transmitted infection is Chlamydia. About three million people are infected yearly (Shoquist & Stafford, 2004). It is especially common among teens and young adults. As is the case with many sexually transmitted infections, Chlamydia often has no symptoms and over half of the people infected have no idea they have anything to worry about (Shoquist & Stafford, 2004). Chlamydia can infect the genitals, eyes, and throat (Friedman & Skancke, 2009). Symptoms, when present, include painful or burning urination, discolored discharge, and uncomfortable swelling (Sutton, 2006). If Chlamydia is left untreated, it can lead to the inability to produce offspring in both males and females (Shoquist & Stafford, 2004).

Chlamydia is a well-known sexually transmitted disease that men and women can contract. It can cause damages to a woman’s reproductive system, it can even risk her possibility of pregnancy. Chlamydia can be spread by anal, oral, or vaginal sex with a person who already has the disease. To prevent the risk of catching chlamydia one should practice abstinence. If one plans to practice sexual activities they should be sure their partner and themselves are free from sexual transmitted diseases. Also, using condoms is another way to practice safe sex to prevent sexual transmitted disease and unplanned pregnancy. According to a source from Austin Community College Chlamydia was discovered in 1907 by Stanislaus von Prowazek in Berlin. Signs or symptoms of Chlamydia differ between men and woman. Reshma Suthar states that 50% men don’t experience symptoms and 75% of women. In men signs and symptoms include genital itching, painful urination, discharge from penis, inflamed rectum, inflamed eyelids, and sore and

various shapes of nuclei, of the gonorrhea pustule exudates with humans as its only natural host.

Treatment of sexually transmitted disease varies depending on the type of infection. Some treatments are more invasive than others, but it is imperative to receive treatment in order to prevent further transmissions of the infectious disease within the community. Although some sexually transmitted diseases, such as syphilis, that are left untreated the symptoms goes away after a period of time, failure to treat sexually transmitted disease can also lead to serious consequences. Long term consequences of untreated sexually transmitted disease cause infertility in both women and men, ectopic pregnancies and pain in the pelvic and abdominal area of the body. Syphilis left untreated results in the development of tumors, damaged nervous systems, internal organ failure, brain damage, blindness and

Although rates of Gonorrhea, Chlamydia and syphilis are increasing in many parts of the nation, teens and young adults ages 15 to 24 account for nearly two-thirds of diagnosed cases of chlamydia and half of gonorrhea cases (figure 1). Although everyone sexually active can

The term "Sexually Transmitted Diseases" (STD) is not specific for one disease but more than 25 infectious organisms that are transmitted from person to person by sexual intercourse. STDs are almost always transmitted by anal or vaginal intercourse, and oral sex (generally less efficiently). Some STDs are also transmitted through contaminated drug equipment, pretty common among drug users. Since 1980, eight new sexually transmitted pathogens have been recognized in the United States. STDs may cause serious, life-threatening complications including cancers, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortions, stillbirth, low birth weight, neurologic damage.

The sexually transmitted disease, syphilis, can be passed from person to person in two ways. One way is having direct contact with a syphilis sore during sexual intercourse. The other way syphilis is spread, is from an infected mother to her baby during pregnancy. Syphilis cannot be spread from indirect contact. An example of this is using the same toilet seat an infected person did.

All states have a reportable diseases list. Gonorrhea is one of the conditions on that list. Therefore, the case must be reported (U.S. Department of Health and Human Service). In this scenario, the physician cannot make an exception because it is mandatory.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) " gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by a bacterium. Gonorrhea can grow easily in the warm, moist areas of the reproductive tract, including the cervix (opening to the womb), uterus (womb), and fallopian tubes (egg canals) in women, and in the urethra (urine canal) in women and men. The bacterium can also grow in the mouth, throat, eyes, and anus." This disease is often referred to as the clap and has been around for a very long time.