Montgomery Boycott By Coretta Scott King: An Analysis

In history, there have been many social changes that have occurred like the industrial revolution, the abolition of slavery and the Civil Right Movement. The less powerful not having enough voices to overcome the obstacles being erected by the powerful and many more examples. These voices play a major role when it comes to making big political and social changes. In “Return to Hayneville,” Gregory Orr recounts his experience and involvement in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. He argues that vocal campaigns and movements in public discourse and deep connections within people, help bring about change in today’s society. Whereas, In Vivian Yee, Alan Blinder and Jonah Engel Bromwich, “Parkland Students Start a Social Movement” they bring

Social movements are not spontaneous events, and they must build towards their goals over time on a series of phases and preconditions. Successful social movements rely on a number of micro and macro factors including efficient organizational structures, the ability to mobilize human and material resources, as well as effective leadership and rapid diffusion of ideas. As it will be shown, the presence of mobilizing structures, movement frames as well as suitable political opportunities combined with reactionary incentives during the Civil Rights Movement helped culminate both short and long term societal changes.

contended that the refusal to admit the children to the school was a denial of

One of the most known leaders of the Civil Rights Movement was Martin Luther King, Jr. His nonviolent methods of protesting racial injustice allowed for many people to join the cause due to the high moral approach that he utilized (Brinkley, p.745-749.) The Civil Rights Movement contributed to the major changes in American society. The reason that this is statement is validated is because the efforts of this turmoil during this period is realized today. They accomplished their goals, which were to end racial segregation and stand for equality for all American citizens. While Martin Luther King didn’t live to realize his accomplishments himself, he left behind a legacy that showed many that goals can be accomplished through nonviolent methods. The political changes are that laws were put into place to ensure the goals of Civil Rights activists are upheld. The social changes are that in most cases people are treated equally in regards to race.

An ultimate conflict of Americans throughout time has been how to fight injustices in an appropriate way with lasting long term affects. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in his “Letter from a Birmingham Jail.”(1963), explained that after disappointment from failed negotiations, direct action now had to be taken. Dr King stated in the letter, “But he will not see this without pressure from devotees of civil rights. My friends, I must say to you that we have not made a single gain in civil rights without determined legal and nonviolent pressure.. We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed.” It can be understood that when political aspects fail, whether between countries, states, or government offices, there is always the social relationship to fall back. During the civil rights movement Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. used this to his advantage. The personal connection between

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) began with the remarkable effort to attack and dismiss the principle of separate but equal (Piven and Cloward 1979, p. 207). Credited to the aftermath of the effort, Frances Fox Piven denoted, “Protest had become possible; victories had become possible” (Piven and Cloward 1979, p.208). The significance is laying the groundwork to reject any type of possible segregation in the future, making equality in society tangible rather than abstract. The civil rights movement later went to display tactics more in the public grounds, on highly influential boycotts. Rosa Park’s arrest sparked the Montgomery bus boycott of 1955, a large scale boycott led by Martin Luther King (Piven and Cloward 1979, p. 209). The successful Montgomery boycott was then followed by the similarly successful Tallahassee boycott of 1956 (Piven and Cloward 1979, p. 212). Both successful boycott demonstrated the expansion of power that the movement needed to gain political influence. The wide variety of actions by the protest groups ignited the success of the civil rights

This boycott that lasted for more than a year, also demonstrated the unity and determination of black residents and inspired blacks elsewhere to stand up for their rights. The Montgomery bus boycott marked the beginning of a new era for the CRM, it has been called the second reconstruction, as it was the beginning of the last great battle blacks had to fight to gain equal rights with whites. This is what Rosa Parks, whose bold act of defiance helped ignite this boycott to occur. The event with Till was also a catalyst, as it inspired Parks to act with this bold personal defiance. MLK also became the new leader because of his believe in nonviolence. It was proved the perfect tactic to achieve equality. This peaceful response to the violence persuaded many whites of justice of giving black their rights and the evil of racist opposition to

As compatriots of the United States, it is our responsibility and commitment to overthrow any type of social or civil injustice. In that process, we as American’s must ensure our rights by practicing a form of civil disobedience. In other words, we should not remain quiet in the roars of prejudice against a certain group of people. Leaders that derive from the civil rights movements like Martin Luther King Jr, Cesar Chavez, Malcolm X, Eleanor Roosevelt, and others have shown us that nothing we want will come into our laps, as humans we must work for the things that we want. In 1950’s through the 1960’s, there was a wave of activist who fought their way to the end of civil injustice, many used their orating skills and others recruited members

Civil resistance, a dividend that has sculpted an entire country, faced controversy that established equality throughout a nation. While there has been a multitude of civil resistance cases within the United States, none may be as important as the march from Selma to Montgomery. Answering questions such as: the practices behind civil resistance, what future activists can learn, as well as how prior knowledge of the subject could benefit present researchers, the march from Selma to Montgomery rewrote history books. When defining civil resistance, the underlying foundation behind the definition can be seen within the deep-seated roots of equality, which is located in the analysis of Selma.

The Montgomery Bus Boycott was started by a woman who stood up against unjust segregation by sitting down. It officially started on December 5,1955, because a Black woman named Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a White man. It was started by the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA), which was created for this purpose. The boycott continued for 381 days, until bus segregation was declared unconstitutional. The Montgomery Bus Boycott started a wave of nonviolent protests against segregation in the United States of America.

December 1, 1955, an African-American woman named Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a city bus in Montgomery, Alabama. By refusing to give up her seat, Rosa Parks was arrested. Dr. King held a meeting at his church the next night to discuss ways of dealing with her arrest and protesting her arrest. So, they decided that they would have a bus boycott, beginning on Monday, December the 5th. Her refusal caused what is now known as the Montgomery Boycott. Since the boycott caused a larger quantity of all black patrons, Dr. King realized that although a boycott was needed, many of the patrons were afraid of taking a chance on boycotting because of the effect it may have

We will stand and succeed if we are all on the same team, if we are divided we will fall and fail. Parks began the way for desegregation ("Rosa Parks Biography”). She did not go unnoticed (“WSU”). The buss boycott improved the rights of the black people (“montgomery”). The bus boycott took 13 months until the Supreme Court overruled segregation on public busses (“montgomery bus boycott”). She fought for racial equality, and succeeded (“montgomery’’). Two head’s are always better than one. Martin Luther King Jr. have been hearing that Parks was arrested. He called a church meeting (“rosa parks pictures”). He wanted things to change, just as much as she did. That’s when he thought about boycotting. The city would lose a lot of money if the black did not ride the bus (“rosa parks pictures”).

In this essay, the significance of Rosa Park’s involvement in the Montgomery bus boycott will be discussed. The questions of how important the incident was at the time, the impact it had at the time and how it helped shape the way civil rights are today will be addressed. During the time of the bus boycott, segregation was a common and accepted concept, for black people to challenge this concept of segregation was unheard of and controversial. At the time the segregation was not only on buses but also were they ate, drank, shopped any everywhere in everyday life. For this to be challenged was extremely difficult because it was a part of the established culture.

In the late eighteen hundreds, the Reconstruction by Congress was overturned by the Supreme Court. Segregation or separation by skin color was made a law which was adopted by private organizations, institutions and businesses (loc.gov). Physical violence and mental harassment was imposed upon those whom were deemed inferior in color. Some citizens accepted the law, as is, without question while others believed it was their supreme right to remain separate without modification. Human activists, that opposed this way of living, pursued an extensive battle to abolish racial inequity and segregation from American life (loc.gov). During the nineteen hundreds, many understood this treatment as an offense to human beings and activists began

During the Civil Rights movement of the 1950's and 60's, women played an undeniably significant role in forging the path against discrimination and oppression. Rosa Parks and Jo Ann Robinson were individual women whose efforts deserve recognition for instigating and coordinating the Montgomery Bus Boycotts of 1955 that would lay precedent for years to come that all people deserved equal treatment despite the color of their skin. The WPC, NAACP, and the Montgomery Churches provided the channels to organize the black public into a group that could not be ignored as well supported the black community throughout the difficult time of the boycott.