Montgomery Boycott By Coretta Scott King: An Analysis

Civil resistance, a dividend that has sculpted an entire country, faced controversy that established equality throughout a nation. While there has been a multitude of civil resistance cases within the United States, none may be as important as the march from Selma to Montgomery. Answering questions such as: the practices behind civil resistance, what future activists can learn, as well as how prior knowledge of the subject could benefit present researchers, the march from Selma to Montgomery rewrote history books. When defining civil resistance, the underlying foundation behind the definition can be seen within the deep-seated roots of equality, which is located in the analysis of Selma.

contended that the refusal to admit the children to the school was a denial of

Social movements are not spontaneous events, and they must build towards their goals over time on a series of phases and preconditions. Successful social movements rely on a number of micro and macro factors including efficient organizational structures, the ability to mobilize human and material resources, as well as effective leadership and rapid diffusion of ideas. As it will be shown, the presence of mobilizing structures, movement frames as well as suitable political opportunities combined with reactionary incentives during the Civil Rights Movement helped culminate both short and long term societal changes.

In 1956, the Montgomery bus boycott became one of the foundational elements that led to the end of racial segregation in the United States. As African Americans refused to ride public buses without equality, the economic structure of Montgomery, Alabama, was wrenched. This caused an immense amount of public attention, which showed that “[i]n particular, the [Montgomery] boycott gave Martin Luther King a position of leadership within the national movement and showed that the nonviolent method of protest was effective” (“Montgomery Bus Boycott”). Subsequent to the Montgomery bus boycott, a statement was immediately composed in connection with how effective peaceful protest could be. Over time, the approach to peaceful protests has altered immensely. A majority of the peaceful protests have become increasingly effective because of the demographic, disruption of public transportation, and the public venue in which they are held due to the astonishing amount of attention drawn by the public.

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) began with the remarkable effort to attack and dismiss the principle of separate but equal (Piven and Cloward 1979, p. 207). Credited to the aftermath of the effort, Frances Fox Piven denoted, “Protest had become possible; victories had become possible” (Piven and Cloward 1979, p.208). The significance is laying the groundwork to reject any type of possible segregation in the future, making equality in society tangible rather than abstract. The civil rights movement later went to display tactics more in the public grounds, on highly influential boycotts. Rosa Park’s arrest sparked the Montgomery bus boycott of 1955, a large scale boycott led by Martin Luther King (Piven and Cloward 1979, p. 209). The successful Montgomery boycott was then followed by the similarly successful Tallahassee boycott of 1956 (Piven and Cloward 1979, p. 212). Both successful boycott demonstrated the expansion of power that the movement needed to gain political influence. The wide variety of actions by the protest groups ignited the success of the civil rights

In history, there have been many social changes that have occurred like the industrial revolution, the abolition of slavery and the Civil Right Movement. The less powerful not having enough voices to overcome the obstacles being erected by the powerful and many more examples. These voices play a major role when it comes to making big political and social changes. In “Return to Hayneville,” Gregory Orr recounts his experience and involvement in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. He argues that vocal campaigns and movements in public discourse and deep connections within people, help bring about change in today’s society. Whereas, In Vivian Yee, Alan Blinder and Jonah Engel Bromwich, “Parkland Students Start a Social Movement” they bring

This boycott that lasted for more than a year, also demonstrated the unity and determination of black residents and inspired blacks elsewhere to stand up for their rights. The Montgomery bus boycott marked the beginning of a new era for the CRM, it has been called the second reconstruction, as it was the beginning of the last great battle blacks had to fight to gain equal rights with whites. This is what Rosa Parks, whose bold act of defiance helped ignite this boycott to occur. The event with Till was also a catalyst, as it inspired Parks to act with this bold personal defiance. MLK also became the new leader because of his believe in nonviolence. It was proved the perfect tactic to achieve equality. This peaceful response to the violence persuaded many whites of justice of giving black their rights and the evil of racist opposition to

As compatriots of the United States, it is our responsibility and commitment to overthrow any type of social or civil injustice. In that process, we as American’s must ensure our rights by practicing a form of civil disobedience. In other words, we should not remain quiet in the roars of prejudice against a certain group of people. Leaders that derive from the civil rights movements like Martin Luther King Jr, Cesar Chavez, Malcolm X, Eleanor Roosevelt, and others have shown us that nothing we want will come into our laps, as humans we must work for the things that we want. In 1950’s through the 1960’s, there was a wave of activist who fought their way to the end of civil injustice, many used their orating skills and others recruited members

The Montgomery Bus Boycott was started by a woman who stood up against unjust segregation by sitting down. It officially started on December 5,1955, because a Black woman named Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a White man. It was started by the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA), which was created for this purpose. The boycott continued for 381 days, until bus segregation was declared unconstitutional. The Montgomery Bus Boycott started a wave of nonviolent protests against segregation in the United States of America.

December 1, 1955, an African-American woman named Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a city bus in Montgomery, Alabama. By refusing to give up her seat, Rosa Parks was arrested. Dr. King held a meeting at his church the next night to discuss ways of dealing with her arrest and protesting her arrest. So, they decided that they would have a bus boycott, beginning on Monday, December the 5th. Her refusal caused what is now known as the Montgomery Boycott. Since the boycott caused a larger quantity of all black patrons, Dr. King realized that although a boycott was needed, many of the patrons were afraid of taking a chance on boycotting because of the effect it may have

Over time there have been many admirable protestors who have made meaningful changes to the manner in which the world is today, some for the better and some for the worse. One of the most operative and consequential protestors was a man by the name of Martin Luther King Jr. He had monumental courage and passion to vanquish segregation and racism that existed in the United States

We will stand and succeed if we are all on the same team, if we are divided we will fall and fail. Parks began the way for desegregation ("Rosa Parks Biography”). She did not go unnoticed (“WSU”). The buss boycott improved the rights of the black people (“montgomery”). The bus boycott took 13 months until the Supreme Court overruled segregation on public busses (“montgomery bus boycott”). She fought for racial equality, and succeeded (“montgomery’’). Two head’s are always better than one. Martin Luther King Jr. have been hearing that Parks was arrested. He called a church meeting (“rosa parks pictures”). He wanted things to change, just as much as she did. That’s when he thought about boycotting. The city would lose a lot of money if the black did not ride the bus (“rosa parks pictures”).

The Montgomery Bus Boycott embodies Martin Luther King jr’s belief in nonviolence. In “Pilgrimage to Nonviolence”, Martin Luther King jr describes how he was influenced by Gandhi’s teachings, specifically the Gandhian method of nonviolence. He states, “nonviolence became more than a method to which I gave intellectual assent; it became a commitment to a way of life” (MLK 38). His commitment to the use of non violence is seen in his leadership role during the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The boycott began soon after Rosa Parks’s refusal to give up her seat on the bus to a white man.  During this boycott, MLK encouraged African Americans to boycott the buses.

In the late eighteen hundreds, the Reconstruction by Congress was overturned by the Supreme Court. Segregation or separation by skin color was made a law which was adopted by private organizations, institutions and businesses (loc.gov). Physical violence and mental harassment was imposed upon those whom were deemed inferior in color. Some citizens accepted the law, as is, without question while others believed it was their supreme right to remain separate without modification. Human activists, that opposed this way of living, pursued an extensive battle to abolish racial inequity and segregation from American life (loc.gov). During the nineteen hundreds, many understood this treatment as an offense to human beings and activists began

During the Civil Rights movement of the 1950's and 60's, women played an undeniably significant role in forging the path against discrimination and oppression. Rosa Parks and Jo Ann Robinson were individual women whose efforts deserve recognition for instigating and coordinating the Montgomery Bus Boycotts of 1955 that would lay precedent for years to come that all people deserved equal treatment despite the color of their skin. The WPC, NAACP, and the Montgomery Churches provided the channels to organize the black public into a group that could not be ignored as well supported the black community throughout the difficult time of the boycott.