Monumental Changes across the Globe in History
Since the beginning of time, all sorts of changes have occurred throughout the world. Changes in nature, in people, in cities, in countries, wars, politics, kingdoms, etc. Three significant major changes in history that occurred before 1500, that shaped the world were: the Neo-Lithic Revolution, Alexander the Great’s conquests, and the travels of Marco Polo.
Firstly, the Neolithic Revolution is a great place to start in History because that is when the first major shift of among people’s way of life throughout the whole world occurs. It occurred approximately 10,000 years ago. Many hunter-gatherers turned into farmers because they saw it was a good
…show more content…
Darius, previously outwitted, tried a new, desperate strategy of trying to defeat Alexander, simply with as many men as he could gather. Unfortunately for Darius, the Hoplite Phalanx formation tore through his formations and made their way to him, so he fled the scene. Alexander and his Guard chased him in hot pursuit. After killing him, he claimed Darius made him successor to the Persian throne. Also known as Alexander’s greatest victory because this victory made him the Persian King of Kings, he had overthrown the known world’s greatest and most threatening empires (Persia), and had access to more troops and the land’s resources to continue his campaign. This was the key victory that allowed Alexander to be virtually unstoppable and helped him further his campaign of conquering the known world! After taking over Persia, that opened up the pathway for many other territories that he eventually conquered, including: Anatolia, Syria, Phoenicia, Judea, Gaza, Egypt, Bactria, and Mesopotamia. He lastly challenged Punjab, India, only to turn back from lack of support/enthusiasm from his troops. Major keys to Alexander’s success were: his sheer daring, dogged determination, and because he did the unexpected (such as not waiting a day to start a battle, but attacking the Persians immediately, so they were caught off guard), the extreme loyalty/experience of his troops, and the strong military formation of the Hoplite Phalanx. After the known world was
1. In the Neolithic era, about 8000 B.C., a new civilization and culture developed. The reason for this development was the change to hunting and gathering to cultivation of agriculture that permitted man to settle down permanently ending nomadic existence.
Alexander never lost a battle. He conquered much of the Ancient world, and only surrendered his goals when his army was not ready to fight. As seen in document A, his empire was huge and unmatched by any in history. He also achieved what many thought was impossible; he defeated the robust Persian army. Alexander's remarkable achievements are a result of his courage and determination, leading him to his outstanding battle record.
The Neolithic, the period in history in which food production became widespread, began around 10,200 B.C, first appearing in Southwest Asia, and lasted until 4000 to 2200 B.C. The cultivation of vegetables and domestication was becoming
The primary reason Alexander was victorious in his battle against Darius was his use of resources. Alexander used the minimum amount of resources to achieve his goal of victory on the battlefield. Alexander was able to keep close communications with his entire army to relay important information about the attack. Equifinality is the principle that a goal can be achieved from multiple approaches (Graham & Weingart, 2015). Alexander knew he could not win the battle with a direct head on approach so adapted a unique approach to overcome Darius’ massive numbers. Alexander knew that his vision was to beat Darius in battle. A clear vision is important to define future threats (Ozdem, 2011). With a clear vision, and communication, Alexander was able to defeat Darius in battle. Even though Alexander was outnumbered at least 4-to-1 by Darius’s army. Alexander chose to use his men sparingly and retained resources until later in the battle to ensure they were fresh and could take advantage to the tiring troops of Darius.
Alexander the Great and Darius battle demonstrates to us that bigger is not always better. Alexander was more engaged in having a plan to win the battle, and Darius just wanted to fight and win. The great thinking of Alexander helped him win this battle. Alexander knew that he should not push all his soldiers out at the same time. Alexander trained his soldiers well, they knew where to be, and when to strike. In order for Alexander and the soldiers to be successful, they first had to be discipline and have the confidence in Alexander their leader. Alexander was sure that his soldiers could defeat their enemy because he used strategic planning. Alexander guided his men by giving them direction, and he made the decisions that would have his
The Neolithic Revolution was a turning point in history where the wide use of agriculture and domestication of animals held a major economical, societal, and innovational
The Neolithic revolution was a period of time that occurred during 10,000 - 9,000 B.C.E. Humans made the transition from hunting and gathering and being nomadic to being sedentary. During the neolithic revolution humans also developed social classes where the people who watched others work were at the top and the people who worked at the bottom. People have different opinions on the shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture during the neolithic revolution. Thinking about all of the things humans received from the neolithic revolution, it was not worth it. Human society would have been better off without the disease, the social classes, and starvation. Therefore, while the neolithic revolution brought many beneficial things to human society such as agriculture, and permanent housing, it brought more harm than good like modern day diseases and social classes.
Alexander the Great was one of the most prominent leaders on the battlefield. His war tactics and strategies have led him to become the leader of the most powerful, largest empire in the ancient world in the 300’s BCE. Alexander the Great used unique strategies shown in the battle of Tyre, Granicus and Gaugamela to defeat The Persian Empire. The Persian Empire at the time controlled most of Asia, Middle East and North Africa.
He saw multiple omens of victory including an eagle flying over Darius. Alexander set his cavalry on the right. In the middle was his Macedonian soldiers and archers on the sides of the Macedonians. A different tactic he did was put his troops in the sides at an angle so he couldn’t be flanked. As the battle began Alexanders forces moved right and Darius’ forces moved left but Alexanders move was a trick. Alexander then moved to challenge Darius on the right while some of Darius’ chariots moved to attack the Macedonians. This maneuver failed because the Macedonians just opened up and let then through. Soon after this Darius realized there was no hope. As he fled the rest of his army followed and the battle was won by
I strongly believe that Trade and Ideas changed the world the most between 1400s and 1800s. The trade and ideas of the times are what caused other major factors of the time to develop, like weaponry and travel. Trade made forms of travel, such as sailing develop. Ideas caused a variety of Revolutions to take place. And finally, a combination of the two caused the growth of state power.
Although Alexander the Great had a minimal army he was an extremely successful military leader. Alexander was a master in the art of war strategy. He was able to read combat well. He was smart enough to know how communicate with his officers that allowed him to optimize his troops. Instead of rushing in and meeting his opponent head on, he found ways to meet him in moves that would break up the much larger army. It was like a game of chess and you have to penetrate the weakest part of your opponent. He had to first figure out what the weakest link was. In the case of Darius, it was the center, and the fact they used smaller swords in battle. Alexander used much longer spears in the front line to keep distance and inflict damage.
Since the beginning of human development humans have been revolving around agriculture. It is known that, “Archaeologists and palaeontologists have traced the origins of farming to around 10,000 years ago” (Mason). This is truly remarkable to believe that the revolution as a whole may pivot on this period so long ago. Once this happened agriculture began popping up all around the ancient world spreading like wildfire. This planting of crops and domestication of animals allowed people to develop specialization because not everyone had to forage anymore. This allowed
During the course of his life and reign, Alexander had fought and won many battles and wars, defeating many kings and warlords throughout the ancient world. Perhaps his most recognized conquest was of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and its ‘King of Kings’ Darius III during the Battle of Issus 1. After defeating the Persians at the Battle
The past has always influenced the future in which many generations will live in. Sometimes incidents and ideas are warnings but other times, these incidents and ideas can evolve into something that can help the future in time. From 1945 to 2015, society has been changing and improving the science behind bombs and from 1969 to 1977, the world has escalated their determination on putting men into space whereas even music and musicians during the years 1968 to 1980 influenced people’s way of life. From political, social, and technological changes, the past allows generations to evolve in life as individuals and as a society.
The most significant development during the Neolithic Era was the development of agriculture. This occurred approximately 10,000 years ago in human history. Humans began to domesticate animals and engage in selective breeding. With the end of the Ice Age, new plants became available and were cultivated to provide a more stable food source than hunting and gathering. Humans began to domesticate plants as well. "People had long observed wild plants as they gathered