Moral Education - David Purpel

Morality is a virtue which must be embedded in a person's nature since childhood. However, there may be a multifarious of ways in which this can be done. Some may argue that morality must be impeached to children as a foundation to education. Indeed it is important to introduce the children to what is right and what is wrong. However, in order to help them discern better between right and wrong they must also be taught as to why it is so. I strongly believe that teaching a foundation of logical reasoning will do much more to produce a moral society than to simply impart morality lessons.

In the 17th and 18th Century, a new age erupted in Europe that shaped the world and it’s ideas to this day, called the Enlightenment Period or the Age of Reason. During the Enlightenment Period, hundreds of individual ideas were expressed between philosophers as well as the citizens of England and France. Interestingly enough, most of these ideas seemed to share one central theme together. This theme was around individual freedoms that people can and should have, and the natural rights they should also hold. In these discussions of individual freedoms, sprouted innovative ideas regarding politics, economics, religion, and social rights.

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| |A personal experience to explain the relationship between virtue, values, and moral concepts |

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“Individual” and “community” are two words whose meanings contrast each other. An individual is one who is not reliant on others and exists as its own entity. A community however, is a group of individuals, whose efforts are combined and improved with help from others, therefore becoming reliant on each other. Both Rebekah Nathan and Kwame Anthony Appiah speak a great deal on what makes or breaks a community, what brings individuals together and what separates them. I argue that communities are successful when individuals are made to feel like their identity is maintained, and their voice carries weight.

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“To deny people their human rights is to challenge their very humanity” (Nelson Mandela). The Enlightenment encouraged many to break out of the chains of society and enter into a world of reason and thought. In the early 19th century, various countries and societies were experiencing revolutions, reforms and progress all in the name of independence and equality (American Revolution, French Revolution and more). Natural law and basic human rights were drilled into the masses and created an environment filled with freedom, rights and increasing intellectual influence. Nonetheless, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Enlightenment played a different role in political affairs around the world. What was once the most important topic around the world, now seems quite irrelevant. The world, in a sense, was done fighting for equality, but were now fighting for power and honor for their country. The Enlightenment, ultimately, led to nationalism, which caused various events to follow through. However, global society was mainly shaped by the ideas of other world, such as independence, religion, nationalism, war, communism/fascism, industrialization and education. Although, the enlightenment was the core of many movements, other world views overpowered and paved the way in the late 19th and early 20th century.

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Yet, how can one truly be an individual engulfed in community values. “American society has [been] founded by the belief that individuals” efforts and hard work will bring the success” (Collin & Crawford).

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The four main ethical frameworks are Proportionalism, Utilitarianism, Situation Ethics and Natural Law. There many other ethical points of view besides these four, some only slightly different from one these and some very different from any of these, but most people will be able to roughly fit in one of these categories.

Lawrence Kohlberg grew up in Bronxville, New York and attended handover Academy in Massachusetts. This is an academically demanding private high school. He did not go straight to college but instead went to help the Israeli cause, serving as the second engineer on an old freighter carrying European refugees through British blockades to Israel. After this Kohlberg enrolled at the University of Chicago where he scored so high on admission test that he only had to take a limited number of courses to earn his bachelor's degree. This he did in one year. He stayed on at Chicago for graduate work in psychology, at first thinking he would become a clinical psychologist. In this study he soon became

From the beginning of time, ancient philosophers and educators have taught different life developmental skills to aid people as they grow. Those educators often taught students how to develop ethical and moral character. With teaching those characteristics as a foundation they were able to teach students to branch out and understand a deeper meaning of authenticity, virtue and value. All three of these concepts are required to live a meaningful and balanced life in both the physical, mental and spiritual realms. I will be discussing how authenticity, virtue and values have affected my life, along with how they affect my future. Secondly, I will be discussing how these principles have helped guide me through my life. Values, authenticity, and virtues have an effect on a person from the time they were born and as they continue to age.