Moral Exclusion And Dehumanization

Moral status is a bioethical concept that concerns the type of beings that possess rights, like human beings. There are five distinct viewpoints, or theories, that help in determining moral status. These theories include: a theory based on human properties, a theory based on cognitive properties, a theory based on moral agency, a theory based on sentience, and a theory based on relationships (HLT-302 Introduction 2, 2015). In the case study, a situation in which a fetus develops a rare condition where its quality of life would be poor is presented. The physician (Dr. Wilson), aunt (Maria), mother (Jessica), and father (Marco) all share different viewpoints that make the process of determining a final plan of action very difficult.

Throughout history, instances of genocide, mass murder, and extreme acts of violence are widespread and pervade through every culture and society. As demonstrated by Panh, Lifton, and O’Brien, similar examples of excessive violence can occur in widely different situations. In order for such violence to occur, there first must exist certain systematic factors. In this paper, I will argue that conditions of instability within a country allow for changes in belief and perception, and these changed perceptions leads to dehumanization and the loss of human rights. The Holocaust, the Cambodian genocide and the Vietnam War, all follow this pattern to some extent. First, I will compare and contrast the ways in which the Holocaust and Cambodian genocide follow this pattern, as well as explore the separate factors within each and possible solutions to these factors. Next, I will discuss the dramatically different Vietnam War, compare and contrast it to the other two, and explore how the uniqueness of the Vietnam War impacts the possible solutions for the loss of human rights within this situation.

Criminology is focused on the attempt to understand the meanings involved in social interaction. Theorists have tried to explain sociological behaviour by looking at the patterns created by individuals that commit crime. The August 2011 riots are pivotal in explaining criminological behaviour since official statistics show that 865 individuals were put in prison by the 9th September 2011 for offences related to the disorder between 6th and 9th August 2011. This is not to say that others were not involved, but that they have simply not been identified to date and may never be identified, however the evidence we do have about the recent riots gives us plenty to talk about. This essay will

Dehumanization is a big part of World war II, it is the reason why World War II is the deadliest war in human history, it is also the reason why the soldiers were willing to point their gun at another human being and to end “its” life without a blink. Not only was dehumanizing a big part of this, racism also played a big role as well. Racism is very powerful; it enlarges the hate towards the differences and made people treat their enemies as subhuman. Just as John Dower had mentioned in his book War Without Mercy, “Race hate fed atrocities, and atrocities in turn fanned the fires of the race hate. The dehumanization of the Other contributed immeasurably to the psychological distancing that facilitates killing, not only on the battlefield but also in the plans adopted by strategists far removed from the actual scene of combat” (11).

Shawn Pogatchnik shows how important the fact that so many migrants are trying to flee to Germany and other EU countries by using statistics. Pogatchnik states that the EU countries “...has seen more than 332,000 migrants enter so far this year.” He also says that Germany “...is expecting to take in 800,000 migrants in this year.” When people read the article, they realize that what is going on must be bad enough for hundreds of thousands of people to want to flee their own country to enter another European country.

In the 1960s the policeman were assigned to duty inorder to uphold law and not to get personally involved with individuals or neighbors (Hoover, L 2014). They were also assigned to uphold justice and not to show partiality. But as history proves a different approached was taken by the police. Instead of showing impartiality they did just the opposite. Based on our study the police were attacking peaceful protestors, because of the police actions riots broke out in almost every city in the Unites States which caused a lack of distrust in the law enforcement (Hoover, L 2014).

Genocide is rightfully seen as one of the most emotionally heavy words in the English language. When many people think of genocide, they might correlate the word to the attempted, and nearly successful, extermination of the Jewish people during World War II. To stand by and watch fellow human beings killing each other because of their race, religion, sexuality, etc., leads many to conclude those who stand by are just as guilty as those who commit the act. Unfortunately, countless horrendous acts are kept silent from the global eye, as the film The Devil Came on Horseback intends to show us. Anne Sundeburg’s 2007 documentary, The Devil Came on Horseback, creatively uses persuasion techniques, which include: the credibility of Marine Brian

Even if perceptions of police are not directly related to crime rates, Roberts also states that communities that are polarized on a subject, furthering community instability (and disorganization), will create a disregard for the institution that “failed” to regulate public opinion (Roberts, 2005). What this really means is that although public opinion about police may not directly impact crime rates, police relations are a “hot topic” and the extreme divide that has been created between police supporters and non-supports could, in turn, contribute to increased crime as people are fighting to take the authority away from the institution that centers at their argument.

Factory workers are being produced today, although the age of factories has long passed. Students are dehumanized from their first graded assignment, their first report card, the first time they step into school until they graduate. At that point, they are completely stripped of critical thinking and creativity and see learning only as memorization for a test. There seems to be no meaning beyond the face value of what teachers say and possibly less. All that is needed is to memorize word for word what the teacher says. They don’t perceive “what four times four really means, or realizing the true significance of “capital” in the affirmation “the capital of Pará is Belem,” that is, what Belem means for Pará and what Pará means for Brazil” (240). Freire introduces the banking system as the cause of dehumanization, but it is not the system in general that causes it. It is the use of grading. They are used to measure the value and intelligence of students, so this is all students focus on. They only do what they need to receive the highest marks. However, this means the students don’t have time to truly understand their material or realize that they don’t have to spend that much time with the material. After all, the purpose of the banking system is to just fill students with information.

The instances of Great Britain’s exit from the EU and the election of Donald Trump were both so originally downplayed that when both possibilities came to light, the world was in shock and awe. June 23, 2016 was the first shock as Great Britain held a referendum in order to decide the question of whether or not the country should remain within the European Union. Brexit was the winning vote. Political elites had been defeated and the complaints of the voters were heard. These complaints stemmed from economic anxiety within the country and the demise of the support of globalisation. The Economist article, “Drawbridges Up”, describes the way in which voters wished to take control of borders once again in order to slow the flow of immigrants and refugees.

Saki, in “The Interlopers,” says that because our family plays an important role in who we are, we choose to see only evil in our enemies for the sake of our kin, our blood, until the threat of death opens us to more options.

Jorge Jesus in his analysis about xenophobia in Europe wrote that “the new strain of xenophobia in Europe is based on simple misconceptions, and can be dealt with by clear communication both by the politicians and by the media.” He claims that the new strain of xenophobia in Europe is based on three misconceptions: misconception about refugees who are seen as immigrants, misconception about Islam, and misconception about Asylum system.

In light of the recent attack in Paris, many leaders around the world have united in the defense for free speech and freedom of religion. A few of those leaders (George Clooney, Michelle Obama, Hillary Clinton, David Cameron, and Mark Zuckerburg) have united in their star-statuses to raise awareness of terrors such as: Darfur’s plight and bringing back the 200 kidnaped girls in Chibok, Nigeria. In the article, “Clooney, Clinton, and Useless ‘Soft Outrage’,” author S.E. Cupp attempts to make an argument regarding her opinion that, “… “awareness" alone will not end the genocide there -- only force will” (par.15). Although Cupp is very logical, a credible author, a political commentator, and super organizational, she does not make an effective

Gorringe, Scott, and Rosie (2012) conducted a study after Her Majesty’s Chief of Constabulary (HMCIC) revised the public order approach, stating that the way public order is handled needs to change and to make sure there are no surprises for either party. With this new approach, there are two areas of focus: The Elaborated Social Identity Model (EISM), is used to gain more understanding of crowd psychology, and a dialogue policing tactic that focuses on communication between the protestors and law enforcement (Gorringe, Scott, & Rosie, 2012). There are five essential parts of dialogue policing. The police negotiate, mediate, initiate, communicate, and constantly asses the threat level during the protest (Gorringe, Scott, & Rosie, 2012). The authors of this study note that these officers try and maintain positive communication with the protestors as well as keep their word with agreements made

Every society and culture has different ways of interpreting and defining occurrences by the way their own culture or society functions. “A society’s culture, consists of whatever it is one has to know or believe in order to operate in a manner acceptable to its members”(Geertz 242). The rituals, customs, ethics and morals that are attributed to the cultures have caused these differences. To understand how the people of one culture interpret a situation or event, one must evaluate the attributes that a culture has. The criteria that an event is based on changes as one culture applies their own ideas to the given situation. Heroism and violation are two concepts that are easily misinterpreted depending on culture’s ideals. Since cultures