Moral Injury

The vertical column consists of thirty-three bones; seven cervical, twelve thoracic, five lumbar, five fused bones that make up the sacrum and four fused bones that make up the coccyx. Its main role is to protect the spinal cord, support the skull, provide attachments for ligaments and muscle, as well as to provide support for the trunk. In a cervical dislocation the vertebrae disjoints or a ligament injury occurs.

Several studies have evaluated the Saethre-Chotzen mouse model at various ages and focusing on different parameters. Homozygous Twist null mice present an embryonic lethal phenotype. In embryonic and new-born studies it has been reported the presence of extra toes in one or both hindfeet in Twist+/− heterozygotes, as well as minor abnormalities of several bones of the calvarium, including the squamosal, interparietal, and supraoccipital bones. From P9 to P13 we can observe in these mice an abnormal coronal suture closure process that it has been shown to be ruled by endochondral ossification. The coronal suture fusion is not the only defect that has been observed at the skull level of Twist+/- mice. In fact these mice present a limited regenerative capacity of the cranial vault (analysed through a resynostostosis model), and

lower portion of the thoracic vertebrae (T9-T12) and the upper portion of the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L2).

Working in factories puts a lot of strain on children's bones. Dr. Samuel Smith explained that children's bones a very variable until about the thirteen. When standing for long periods of time, the arches on their feet begin to flatten out. The most common deformities among child workers are in the knees. The children become “knock-kneed” which is when the knees turn inwards as an effect from standing too long. Another deformation that is common is among the women. Their pelvic bones cannot develop properly causing them to lose their unborn child during

Children musculoskeletal system is still growing vs. adults where the growth is complete. Long bones grow in diameter by deposition of new bony tissue around the shafts and in length which occur at the growth plates. According to Jarvis 2016, any trauma or infection at the growth plates puts the child at risk for bone deformity.

The Vertebral column is an amazing part of the human body. It is made up of many different pieces that all fit together to make something that keeps the body up right, allows movement, supports weight and protects the spinal cord. There are four different segments of the spinal cord. One of those segments is called the lumbar region. The lumbar region consists of 5 vertebrae that make up the lower back (Lippert, 2011). The lumbar region supports most of the body weight and allows movement. People often do not realize how important the vertebral column is until it is already injured. Injury to the lumbar region can be caused from a vertebral fracture and can be very painful to ones lower back.

An average built adolescent reported for orthodontic correction of forwardly placed teeth. The diagnostic lateral cephalogram showed a Class II skeletal pattern and increased overjet. Coincidentally, in this otherwise asymptomatic patient, fused cervical vertebrae (FCV) was noticed involving the C2-C3 vertebrae.

The spine is one of the most important structures in the human body. The spine is located in the dorsal cavity and consists of 24 bones, called vertebrae. These vertebrae play a crucial role in protected the body’s command center, the spinal cord. But what happens when a disorder prevents the spinal column from functioning correctly? Scoliosis is a musculoskeletal disorder that causes abnormal lateral curvature of the spine and it effects millions of people in the US per year. I have chosen this disorder because I am aspiring to become a chiropractor and scoliosis is a typical condition that chiropractors help treat on a daily basis.

Endochondral ossification, this type of bone development involves cartilage models, which are then replaced with bony tissue. This takes place at the embryonic stages; 8 weeks into development, condroblast secret cartilaginous matrix which will from the hyaline cartilage for bone development. The lacunae trap the condrablast and this is all surrounded by the perichondrium.

Your spine is made up of 24 vertebrae, seven cervical, twelve thoracic and five lumbar. Cervical is the neck region, the thoracic region is the upper back and the thoracic is in the lower back, added onto the spine is your sacrum and your coccyx. The vertebra is the protection and support system for the spinal cord. The spine gives stability, gives moment in all direction and still returns back to normal shape, gives a place for attachment for flexible bands and elastic cords, is a shock absorber. An exaggerated curve in the thoracic region is referred to as kyphosis, and one in the lumbar region to as a kyphosis, and one in the lumbar region is referred to as a lordosis. Kyphosis curves have a backward convexity. Lordotic curves have a forward convex curve. A lateral deviation of the spine is called scoliosis.1

The patient received comprehensive adjustments to sections of vertebral and occipital subluxations. The patient made continuous advances throughout the care, the symptomatic primary reaction to care was optimistic. Subluxation appears to be associated with cervical trauma.

The spine consists of bones that protect the spinal cord. It is made of the cervical region - which is located from the bottom of the skull to the lowest area of the neck - the thoracic region - that exists from the shoulders to mid-back - the lumbar region - which is located from the middle of the back down to the hips - the sacrum - which is located at the base of the spine - and the coccyx (also known as tailbone) - which is at the very end of the spine. Discs - which are used for protection - are located between the vertebrae. The spinal cord transmits information from the brain and the rest of the body through what is called the spinal nerves. Spinal nerves are responsible for controlling body functions.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most common orthopedic disorders.It is when there is an abnormal curve in the spine that appeares in adolescents. When this happens the spine grows and slightly curves side to side looking like an elongated “c” or “s” shape(see picture #1). The most common time of this happening is when adolescents go through a growth spurt or when they grow rapidly. Scientists do not know why severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis develops in girls more than boys, however the mild cases are equally represented in both boys and girls.

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of human spine in which there is one or more lateral curvature away from the vertical direction in the thoracic or lumbar region. The analysis of scoliosis is required through clinical and radiographic evaluation in order to present a thorough assessment of this three dimensional deformity (1). The absence of timely diagnosis causes problems in appearance, manner of sitting, and, in severe cases, lung problems, respiratory, and cardio complications.

Everyone’s spine has natural curve which round our shoulders and make our lower back curve slightly inward (Common Scoliosis Questions). Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine (Taylor, 2011, p394). Scoliosis can also be defined as a lateral (towards the inside) curvature of the spine with increased convexity (the quality or state of being curved outward) on the side that is curve (Taylor, 2011, p601). There are several less common types of scoliosis, but the four major different types of scoliosis are congenital scoliosis, early onset scoliosis, idiopathic scoliosis, and neuromuscular scoliosis. The spinal curves cannot be corrected simply by learning to stand up straight like poor posture.