Motivation Of Prejudice

The definition of prejudice may vary among the different psychologist but most will agree that prejudice has something to do with prejudgment, typically negative, about a group. (Fiskie, 1998; Jones, 1997; Nelson, 2002 ). According to Plous (2003), Prejudice is not exactly considered an opinion, but an attitude which includes feeling such as hating the group, rather than believing they’re bad. Within psychology, we can link prejudice with discrimination and stereotyping (Plous, 2003). Although each may go together, they can be done separately. Prejudice and discrimination are most likely absent in a positive stereo type (Plous, 2013). For example describing an ethnic group as “family oriented”. Stereo typing does little to no harm without discrimination or prejudice. A generalized form of prejudice may lack discrimination and stereo types, such as being against foreigners.

The first experiment conducted by Devine and colleagues conducted a well thought out experiment in terms of their technique. In all three studies the authors’ randomly assigned the participants to the experiments increasing the ability to generalize this sample to a larger population. In addition, the participants were asked to freely respond to the question, providing a more accurate knowledge of stereotypes because no cues were provided to influence the subjects’ knowledge. The anonymity of the participants also allows subjects to freely provide information without being judged resulting in an easier access to their private thoughts. Alternatively, in all three studies the authors recruited a number of white participants. This may produce bias in their results as stereotypes and prejudice towards blacks have historical roots in their culture. In the first study, the list of traits do not completely capture

Stereotyping occurs when individuals form cognitive conceptions of out-group members, associating certain characteristics with that group (Smith and Mackie, 2007; Hamilton, 1981), whereas prejudice is a positive or negative evaluation directed towards an out-group (Smith and Mackie, 2007). Current research depicts them as independent constructs, comprising different behavioural responses. An interrelation is indicated by considerable indirect evidence, specifically that prejudice is an inevitable consequence of stereotyping.

Prejudice according to Healey & O’Brien (2015, p. 21), “is the tendency of an individual to think and feel about other groups in negative ways, to attach negative emotions to those groups, and to prejudge individuals on the basis of their group membership”. There are two dimensions of prejudice. One dimension of prejudice is the feeling aspect, also known as “affective dimension of prejudice” (Healey & O’Brien, 2015, p. 21). This is where one feels negative towards a person/group based upon their association with a specific group. The second dimension of prejudice is cognitive. This is how one thinks about individuals in specific groups (“Prejudice and Discrimination,” 2003). The thinking dimension aspect of prejudice is usually based

It was concluded that 250 United States college students between the ages of 17-19 from the Mid-South region were the individuals being tested for this study. A total of 178 females and 72 males were given a multitude of surveys that they were asked to fill out as honestly as possible regarding their sexual gender stereotypes.

Prejudice is all around us. It has become a common thing that almost everyone in their life has run into at some point in a certain situation. Whether the prejudice of sex, religion, or gender comes from a celebrity, a friend, or a complete stranger, it’s inevitable.

Strictly speaking, prejudice is “a negative feeling toward an individual based solely on his or her membership in a particular group” (Baumeister, 2014). Unfortunately, prejudiced feelings can lead to discrimination, which is defined as “unequal treatment of different people based on the groups or categories to which they belong” (Baumeister, 2014). The important difference here is that prejudice is an attitude while discrimination is an action. It must also be noted that prejudice can occur without discrimination and vice versa. Stereotypes, which are good or bad beliefs that associate specific groups of people with certain traits, are significant as well. In essence, prejudice, discrimination, and stereotypes are the ABCs of intergroup relationships, and these three entities are thus noteworthy because intergroup relationships allow society to function. Research using computer simulations demonstrates that prejudices and stereotypes are undeniably present today. When subjects viewed an ambiguous scene in the experiment with a possibly dangerous man who may or may not have been armed, the subjects were more likely to shoot at the man if he was black rather than if he was white. Moreover, European Americans were not the only group of participants who showed this bias. African Americans were also more likely to shoot at the man if he was black (Baumeister,

The research method used to study cognitive beliefs about homosexuality is related to qualitative type of research. I have conducted a qualitative analysis in order to provide deeper insight into the people definition of homosexuality. The data were collected through semi-structured, qualitative individual interviews with 9 participant who had various demographic characteristics. Site selection and recruitment of my sample were guided my assessment of the requirements for addressing the theoretical agenda. The qualitative interview analysis is important because it is provides an understanding of the patterns of support and opposition and what homosexuality means to people in the social and cultural environment in which they reside. The approach

Social psychologists recognize prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination “by focusing on whether they involve feelings (affect), cognition, or behaviors.” (Feenstra, 6.1 Prejudice, stereotypes, and

The following researchers Anna Woodcock, Paul R. Hernandez, Mica Estrada, and P. Wesley Schultz had performed a study about stereotypes

An individual’s compliance to examine their own possible biases is very important in being able to understand the roots of stereotypes and prejudice in our society. Starting early in a person’s life, the human mind has the ability to automatically categorize people. This is a crucial feature. These categories give an order to our everyday lives. Every day, people are grouped into categories based on social and biological characteristics, this is called race. Cultural biases exist whether we want them to or not. We all have cultural biases if we would just acknowledge them we can recognize it.

The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine whether there were any significant differences in the social acceptance of homosexuality between regions. Findings indicate a significant difference between the Midwest and Other (participants who indicated they were not from the listed regions) in the social acceptance of homosexuality, F=3.102 p=0.032. Using the Tukey HSD test the results indicated that the mean score for the Midwest (M=3.26, SD=1.07) was significantly different than Other (M=4.01, SD=0.59). However, the North (M=3.73, SD=.72), South (M=3.48, SD=.85), and West (M=3.82, SD=.64) did not significantly differ from individuals from the Midwest and Other. Specifically, our results suggest that individuals from the Midwest are less accepting of homosexuals than any other region. The ANOVA was also conducted to analyze regional differences in the social acceptance of gay men. Results revealed a significant difference between the Midwest and Other in the social acceptance of gay men, F= 2.987 p= 0.040. Post hoc comparisons using the Tukey HSD test indicated that the mean score for the Midwest (M=3.04, SD=1.32) was significantly different than Other (M=3.91, SD=.63). However, the North (M=3.60, SD=.92), South (M=3.28, SD=1.01), and West (M=3.68, SD=.68) did not significantly differ from the Midwest than Other. Suggesting that individuals from the Midwest are less accepting of gay men, while individuals identifying being from Other are more accepting of

The effects of racism have been documented in various ways. Allport (1954) listed traits that develop in response to being a target of prejudice and discrimination. Steele (1997) has introduced the notion of stereotype threat: the fear of proving that a negative stereotype is true. In a series of experiences, Steele and his associates demonstrated that such fears can lead tp lower performance and a desire to disidentify with important social domains, such as schooling and other achievement-oriented activities (Steele, 1997). For example, in one study, when women were told that a difficult math test produced gender differences that replicate women’s underperformance, the women performed worse than men. However, they performed equally to men

These prejudices can lead to antipathy of out-groups based on assumption. People like to define themselves not only by who they are, but also who they are not. This creates “other” groups that are seen negatively and generalized. Today, these other-groups are

To fully understand any study, especially this study, one must understand the factors that the researchers use in their analysis. This study found thirteen predictor variables for attitudes towards lesbians and gays. Three of these variables are very universal; age, gender, and race. However the