Motor Imagery Essay

The more stimuli per second, the greater the force generated by the muscle due to a

De, D., & Wynn, E. (2014). Preventing muscular contractures through routine stroke patient care. British Journal of Nursing, 23(14), 781-786. doi:10.12968/bjon.2014.23.14.781

Turning and ambulation after activities will be enhanced if pain is controlled or tolerable because promotes muscle relaxation.

The background of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is traced back to the late 1940s/early 1950s with Herman Kabat (MD), Margaret Knott (PT), and Dorothy Voss (PT) being the developers of this method. PNF was developed to treat neurological dysfunctions (such as multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy) . “This was an attempt to gain better control in a population of neurologically impaired instead of just offering the standard treatment at the time which was range of motion exercising and gate belt training”(Knott and Voss, 1968). Even though PNF was developed for neurological dysfunctions overtime it also became principle used in others areas of life such as with athletes and personal/physical trainers. The common misconception with

Muscle strength and neuromuscular control is compromised. This could develop into long-term muscle weakness and motor planning dysfunction. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) could be utilized to help control pain and improve muscle weakness related to arthrogenic muscle inhibition. Evidence shows that TENS is effective in improving maximal voluntary torque and electromyographic signals of muscles (Konishi, McNair, & Rice, 2017). Mr. Versace may benefit from TENS on quadriceps femoris muscle to minimize muscle strength deterioration

Figure skaters’ VOR gain was 27% less than the control group during sinusoidal stimulation and the skaters’ responses are 10° phase advance when compared with the controls. VOR gain is 32% lower for the skaters’ during the velocity step, but there was no notable difference in the TC between the groups. The MS score is much lower for the skaters’ after vestibular stimulation (2.8+/-2.8 vs. 16.2 +/- 13.7). The findings were striking in the way that during the velocity step test the figure skaters’ gain is 32% lower than the control group. According to the researchers, this is quite significant. The figure skaters are much less likely to experience MS and VOR gain because of these findings. The results show that despite the young ages of the figure skaters, they are already showing signs of vestibular habituation. The hypothesis was generally supported because the VOR modifications seen in the skaters are in agreement with previous experiments on

The control group received only standard physical therapy treatments (stretching and strengthening exercises). There were three experimental groups. One group received estim to the intensity of stimulating only sensory nerves. The next group received estim with an intensity that minimally stimulated motor neurons. The final group received “full movement neuromuscular electric stimulation,” which was an estim intensity to the maximum tolerated intensity to receive maximum muscle movement. All three experimental groups also received standard PT interventions (stretching and strengthening exercises).

Objective: We examined the effect of a motor-based role-play intervention on the social skills of adolescents with high-functioning autism. METHOD. An ABA multiple-baseline design with three 3-mo phases occurring over 12 mo was used with 7 participants. Frequency of targeted verbal and nonverbal behaviors was tallied in each phase. Frequency data were analyzed using repeated-measures analyses of variance with post hoc comparisons to examine differences in targeted behaviors over the three phases. RESULTS. Three participants completed all three study phases, 2 completed Phase 2, and 2 completed Phase 1. All participants (N = 7) demonstrated improved social skill use in Phase 1. Participants completing Phase 2 (n = 5) further improved social skill use. Additional improvements were observed among participants (n = 3) who completed Phase 3. CONCLUSION. The intervention helped participants improve targeted social skill use. Further testing with larger samples and intervention modifications is warranted.

Synesthesia is a condition in which the stimulation of one sensory pathway leads to involuntary stimulation of another sensory pathway (Wikpedia 2015). Synesthesia can involve any of the senses such sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell. According to Palmeri, Blake and Marios (2006) article in Scientific American, synesthesia is an anomalous blending of the senses in which the stimulation of one sensory modality produces sensation in another modality. Synesthetes hear colors, feel sounds and taste different shapes. Drug induced hallucinations are different from synesthesia in the fact that synesthetic sensations are highly consistent where drug induced hallucinations are not (Palmieri, et al., 2006). The estimated prevalence of synesthesia

According to the results of the study, the researchers found that the muscle myoelectric activity remained the same in standing and in relaxed unsupported sitting postures. In the unsupported sitting postures, the highest level of activity was detected in anterior sitting and the lowest in posterior sitting. The muscles activation of the cervical and lumbar area was always less active than the muscles of the thoracic

A muscle relaxant is a pharmacologic aid use to alleviate tense muscles. It can be obtained as an over the counter drug or medication that requires a doctor’s prescription. I will be presenting the value of muscle relaxant to overstimulated muscles with a neurologic involvement such as spasticity, and how it can help mitigate and revive the person ability to recapitulate his capability to perform his/her activities of daily living.

The Motricity Index (MI) will also be used for measuring the participant’s upper extremity power. In this outcome measure, it involves grading strength by basing on patient’s ability to activate a muscle group, move a segment of the upper extremity through a range of motion and resist force from the examiner. Criterion and construct validity of this tool has been undertaken in a study and has shown significant correlations with other outcome measures such as the use of Manual Muscle Testing and dynamometer. (Bohannon,

I am not someone who thinks about movement of my body being such an absolute blessing. In doing research for this review I know now there are a ton of different reasons are muscles can fail us. Exercise and movement are vital to our health. I have become aware that not only for people who have debilitating diseases but people like me who are healthy NEED to MOVE. To think that years went by with people thinking that movement would make this disease worse is so hurtful to me. I am hopeful that there will be more studies done using this kind of therapy to help people gain back some muscle function or at least hold onto what they have. I will no longer take it for granted when my fast as lighting 7 year old want to run to the mailbox because movement is such a

The final element that was tested against the baseline reflex was the influence of fatigue on the strength of the reflex response. This was achieved by having the subject run up and down three levels of stairs three times in the Frost building stairwell of Holyoke Community College. The subject immediately came back to the original sitting position on the edge of the lab bench with legs dangling freely, and the patellar tendon was tapped once more.

Abstract— In this paper, remembrance of body posture and motion is an important physiological function that can keep the body in balance and give the confidence to person. There are many man-made motion sensors have also been widely applied in biomedical applications including diagnosis of balance disorders and evaluation of energy outlay, calories consumption calculation. This paper reviews sensing components utilized for body motion measurement. The working principles of a natural body motion sensor, pulse rate of heart, are first described. Here various components like accelerometer, pulse rate sensor, ARM10 are then elaborated based on their characteristic sensing mechanisms. In this paper by introducing small, low cost, better sensors with a wireless network, the novel project aim to provide a path towards more independent living for all kind of people and play important role in basic research as well as hospital diagnosis.