Mount Ontake Research Paper

Anpother factor that can have an impact on the level of hazard posed by a volcano is the type of plate margin on which it occurs. Volcanoes occuring at constructive plate boundaries are usually much less violent than those occuring at destructive plate boundaries. This is because the magma produced by plates moving apart is Basic, and therefoe has a low viscosity, allowing it to flow easily. The lava is produced from a central vent or fissure and erupts regularly but not usually violently. Also,constructive plate boundaries are often found under the sea and create submarine volcanoes, such as along the Mid-Atalntic ridge, so pose few threats to humans. As a result, the hazards posed by volcanoes at constructive plat eboundaries is relatively low. However, the subduction of one plate under another at destrctive plat eboundaries can form an acidic magma chamber, due to the build up of intense heat. Acidic magma is very viscous and resisitant to flow, meaning that there is often a huge build up of pressure, which can result in very violent and dangerous eruptions involving ash and pyroclastic flow. This can pose a a serious hazard. Pyroclastic flowsa are extremely dense, containing toxic gases at very high temperatures, and can move at speeds over 100km/h. The consequences of such an unpredictable hazard can be extremely seruous

Have you ever been near a volcano when it erupted? Most of us haven't, but if you're unlucky enough, you just might have. Many people think it would be cool, but it is indeed not. In fact, the people of Pompeii were very unlucky when Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 AD. Nearly two-thousand people died. Although that eruption was very similar to the 1980 eruption of Saint Helens, it was also very different.

● This was the first time this type of volcano eruption was actually witnessed and

Mount St. Helens Location: Washington, United States Latitude: 46.20 N Longitude: 122.18 W height: 2,549 meters or 8,364 feet - 9,677 feet before May 18, 1980 Type: Stratovolcano Number of eruptions in past 200 years: 2-3 Latest Eruptions: Between 1660-1700, around 1800-1802, 1831, 1835, 1842-1844, 1847-1854, 1857, 1980-? Present thermal activity: strong steaming Nickname: Mount Fuji of the West Remarks: continuous intermittent activity since 1980 with occasional eruptions of steam and ash; occasional pyroclastic flows; intermittent dome forming. MSH is considered a young volcano that developed over the last 40,000 years and is one of the most active volcanoes in the Cascade Range. Geologists predicted that the

Located northeast of Portland, Oregon is a huge volcano called Mt. St. Helens. It sits between two Mt. Hood and Mt. Adams and youngest the of many volcanoes on the Cascade Range of the pacific northwest. Captain George Vancouver gave the mountain its name in 1792; named after Alleyne Fitzherbert (Baron St. Helens), who was British Ambassador to Spain. Mt. St. Helens is a composite volcano, which means typically symmetrical cone like structure that is steep sided, that is constructed from layers of lava flows, ash and volcanic depris. This type of volcano tends to have very explosive eruptions as opposed to gentle sloping shield volcanoes. These types of eruptions are very dangerous for any nearby life. During most of the 20th

The volcano continued to discharge an ash plume for hours after the lateral blast, rising over 20 km’s into the atmosphere. Prevailing winds blew over 500 million tons of ash across the United States reaching the east coast in 3 days and encompassing the globe in 15 days Regions as far as 400 km’s away were overwhelmed in complete darkness. Lakes, rivers, land, and the life they supported, appeared decimated. The familiar Pacific Northwest landscape was scoured of vegetation and buried under ash and pumice (USGS 2015).Mount St. Helens is located on a plate boundary where the oceanic plate (Juan de Fuca) meets the continental plate (North American) as seen in Figure 1 below. This boundary is part of the infamous Ring of Fire; a collection of volcanoes that form the margin around the Pacific Ocean. Mount St. Helens was created on a destructive margin where the Juan de Fuca plate subducts. Mount St. Helens is the youngest and most active of 13 volcanos in the Cascades and erupted last in 1857. The destructive nature of the margin between the two plates and the build up of pressure over 123 years is what caused this fierce 1980 eruption (Project Learning Tree, 2010). Rising temperatures due to the presence of magma and frictional effects, caused the crust to begin to melt, adding to the

The first sign of Mt. St. Helen exploding was a landslide starting at the rim of the summit crater. In 15 seconds, the north side of Mt. St. Helen was making its way down the side of the volcano. After the entire north side had collapsed superheated gasses and lava were released in a massive lateral explosion. This abrupt release of pressure created a nuees arfentes, “which is (in a volcanic eruption) a swiftly flowing, dense cloud of hot gases, ashes, and lava fragments.”1. The nuees arfentes wiped everything within 8 miles almost instantly. The shockwave rolled over the forest for 19 more miles forcing almost all of the centuries old trees to fall towards the north. After those 27 miles the trees remained upright but were burnt to death.

Helens was a huge eruption that happened May 18th, 1980. 57 people died from the smoke. By April it was growing 5ft per day. The mushroom clouds of ash and gases more than 12 miles into the air.” states livescince. “The shock wave went 19 miles” state's fs.usda.gov. Such pulse indicated magma was on the move. On May 18, there were hundreds of earthquakes that day. The eruption lasted 9 hours. The Mount St. Helens erupted at 8:32 A.M. It went as high as 1,300 feet (396 meters). Biggest eruption over 100 years. “The first eruption of steam from the summit sent a column of ash, snow and, steam 6,000 sent into the air”, livescince.gov There were a lot of things going on that day and

About fifty-seven people were killed in the Mt. St. Helens eruption. During the past four thousand years, Mt. St. Helens erupts more frequently than other volcanoes in the Cascade Range. Mt. St. Helen’s eruption included many details common to volcanic eruption and caused damage and destruction to property and lives that affected the region, but the area has recovered in its aftermath.

When Mount St. Helens erupted it took lives and destroyed at least fifty miles of the surrounding area. A volcano is a mountain or hill where a vent forms in the earth’s crust, letting ash, lava, and steam escape. Mount St. Helens included many details common to volcanic eruptions, caused damage and destruction, and how the area has recovered.

People were running for their lives to stay alive. This disaster was natural so nobody caused this to happen. This disaster is famous because there are still a lot of remains and the volcano is still active to this day and could end up erupting. One reason people were dying was because they kept hitting the ground not just because the heavy ash falling on them. 2.6 million people view this place every year. It took a long time to clean up there is still things that couldn’t get cleaned up.

A paper published by NCR (Nature Scientific Reports) states that a lava bubble is expanding inside the Kikai Caldera. The Kikai Caldera a massive underwater volcano. More than 31 cubic kilometers of lava have pushed the seabed up around 2,000 feet, now the volcano’s peak is sitting only 98 feet below the ocean’s surface. The lava bubble is starting to build up large amounts of pressure. Japanese volcanologists say they have found evidence of a massive eruption at Kikai Caldera 7000 years ago, and another one 95,000 years ago. That may mean that their is going to be another one, and soon. Due to monitoring this volcano they have been able to know about when the volcano may erupt. They have also been able to tell what percent the volcano has of erupting, although it is only 1% of a catastrophic eruption it has the potential to kill 100 million people, says Volcanologist Yoshiyuki Tatsumi. Another case of positive volcano

Tilling (1997) reported that earthquakes began on March 16th, including one that was 4.2 (Richter Scale) on March 20th. Earthquake activity increased after this and following an explosion around 12:36 p.m. PST on March 27th, Mount St. Helens began to eject ash and steam. The crown of the ash column ascended to about 1800 metres above the volcano. Mount St. Helens spewed ash and steam in bursts ranging from a few seconds to several minutes until April 21st. Intense earthquake activity persisted

Some volcanoes cause tons of hot lava, poisonous gas, and ash that has the ability to travel hundreds of miles, destroying businesses, homes, animals, people, and frankly everything in its path, some volcanoes can erupt and leave nothing behind. On the other hand, there are eruptions that are mild and have minor eruptions which do not cause such harm as the major eruptions. When a volcano erupts the gases, vapors, and ash is injected into the stratosphere and forms a veil.

In these eruptions, instead of the mixture of gas and ash flowing upwards, it flows outwards and hugs the ground. These eruptions are extremely dangerous.