Mr Collins Probity Summary

The ideals of the Enlightenment can be found in many of the writings from this time period, but just to be specific on two works Tartuffe and An Essay on Man. This was the age of reason and logic. So this became the main source of validity, and people were getting comfortable enough to have little worry. People in this time began to apply normal beliefs to find and understand nature and to guide their human being. In Moliere’s Tartuffe, this quality is stated through the character of the king. In Pope’s An Essay on Man, he inspired a change in man, to explore themselves and their world and to make sense of it. Talking about Tartuffe, we’re looking not merely for its literary qualities but references to other literary works like An a Essay on

“‘On the one side we have the free personality: by definition it is not neurotic, for it has neither conflict nor dream. Its desires, such as they are, are transparent, for they are just what institutional approval keeps in the forefront of consciousness; another institutional pattern would alter their number and intensity; there is little in them that is natural, irreducible, or culturally dangerous’”(para. 3).

The Enlightenment Philosophers:What was Their Main Idea ? Background Essay Questions The late 17th and 18th century.

The perpetuation of misinformation can be very difficult to correct and may have lasting effects even after it is discredited. For instance, if an audience is reliant on the information provided by the media to make an informative decision about a topic involving their morals, the validity of the author’s claims will determine the mass majority of their decisions they make in the future. As a result, false information may continue to influence beliefs and attitudes even after being debunked if it is not replaced by an alternate causal explanation.

The Enlightenment Era was a period during the eighteenth century. Its philosophers, often called “the philosophs” attempted to refute the previously held religion-based system by creating arguments based solely on reason, and thus create a completely rational system of thought. But, the question of whether they were as reason-based in their thinking as they attempted to be, given the 11 documents, is unanswerable. While some of the documents are useful to judge this, they are by no means a complete and comprehensive overview of the period’s style of thinking, and some of the documents are entirely unhelpful.

Descartes’ argue that mind is better known than body by first claiming humans as fundamentally rational, meaning “a thing that doubts, understands, affirms, denies, is willing, is unwilling,” ( Descartes, 19) he therefore argues that humans have the ability to know their proper minds clearly and distinctly. He proposes the conception of the mind where the imagination and the senses are also inherent capabilities of the body (faculties), specifically powers of the mind.

Facts are statements that are indisputably true. Truthful statements are authentic because they are widely accepted to be accurate and fit reality. When answering the question “given access to the same facts , how is it possible that there can be disagreements between experts in a discipline?”, one must consider the definition of an expert. For the sake of this paper I am defining an expert as someone who excels in their field , and constantly evolves their knowledge as their field progresses. I believe that disagreements between experts when presented with the same facts, occur because of bias. Bias is a sway towards one side or view of a situation or statement. Therefore I ask , how does someone’s personal bias affect their interpretation

to take all parties into account when trying to define such an illusive term as ‘effective

Opinions and facts can be forced into whichever lens is chosen to view them through. As a

In David M. Armstrong’s “The Nature of Mind”, Armstrong praises the field of science and seeks to put the concept of mind into terms that agree with science’s definition of minds. His interest is in the physico-chemical, materialist view of man. Armstrong considers science to be the authority over other disciplines because of its reliability and result in consensus over disputed questions.

For example, Denzel Washington was interviewed because he switches his support from voting for Hilary to Trump. Denzel said, “If you don’t read the newspaper you are uninformed and if you do read it you are misinformed”. So the reporter asks, “What do we do in a situation in like this?” Washington response was “What is the long term of too much information? One of the effects is the need to be first and not the need to be true anymore, and the media has a responsibility to tell the truth. We live in a society that what’s first and who cares, get it out there, we don’t care who it hurts or destroys or if it is true… just say it and sell it.” According to Hume, he would say that we are “maintaining these customs or habits”(Morris). I believe this is a habit in our society that we are being confirmation biased and that we only want to hear or see what we want to hear. I believe the media is making it easier for us nowadays to sustain these habits because they try to keep us in these filter bubble. Therefore, habits have caused many Americans to elect their candidate based off reports of slander, diverting the people from the real issues that affect them. We must expect the unexpected and take nothing for granted, not even life is guaranteed tomorrow. We must not be ignorant and believe the

This Enlightenment era began with the publication of Francis Bacon's “Novum Organum” and ending with Immanuel Kant's “Critique of Pure Reason”. After these had been published, it had everyone question things like what the bible had said about the earth, for example, how the earth was “the center of the universe”.

François-Marie Arouet, better known as Voltaire, was a French writer, historian and philosopher during the Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason. His signature wit and sardonic outlooks on individuals and policies can be found in many of his works, including his novel Candide. This satirical novel was written in the late eighteenth century a few decades before his death in 1778. Works on literature during the Enlightenment stressed scientific and philosophical thought during the seventeenth century. In addition, ideas including freedom from tyranny and superstition are very common characteristics of “enlightened” writings.

The thought was that human kind was emerging from an age of darkness into ‘Enlightenment’. This idea was focused around the advancement of scientific knowledge, the development of respect for humanity and above all, reason. People of this time believed that knowledge had to be earned and that ‘through experience and observation, guided by reason,’ progress was inevitable. The idea of Enlightenment filtered its way into society and was became institutionalized.

Authoritative epistemology occurs when an analyst relies on another person’s authority to make a judgement. Their “basis of knowledge resides in a reference to something more