Mrs Donroe Down Syndrome Summary

Down syndrome is a congenital disorder resulting from a chromosome defect. Down syndrome affects people of all ages, race, and economic status. It causes an increased risk of health problems and developmental issues. Researchers have found that centuries ago there were people who seemed to depict the same features of those with Down syndrome today. In 1866, John Langdon Down was the first to identify Down syndrome as a disorder. Before he described it as a disorder, those with Down syndrome were killed, abandoned, or excluded from society. Many were also institutionalized and received improper treatment because of the uncertainty of the disorder. In 1959, the French physician Jérôme Lejeune identified Down syndrome as a chromosomal condition. Instead of the usual 46 chromosomes present in each cell, Lejeune observed 47 in the cells of individuals with Down syndrome.

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that begins to develop at the cellular level after conception. All the cells in the human body contain a center, called a nucleus, in which genetic code of each human being is stored. This genetic material, known as genes, carries the codes responsible for all our inherited characteristics from the mother and the father. Genes are grouped along rod-like structures called chromosomes. The nucleus of each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, half of which come from each parent. In Down syndrome, however, the cells usually contain not 46, but 47 chromosomes. The extra chromosome being a number 21. This excess genetic material, in the form of additional genes along the 21st chromosome, results in Down syndrome. Ninety-five percent of all cases of Down syndrome occur because there are three copies of the 21st chromosome; it is often referred to as "trisomy 21." Chromosomes are studied by examining blood or tissue cells. Individual chromosomes are identified, stained and numbered from largest to smallest. The visual display of the chromosomes is known as a “karyotype”. (Karyotype is the analysis of counting the chromosomes in each cell)

I already knew that XX meant the gender was a girl, it's just that I heard of XX male syndrome, so I thought that was the disorder. By the way, thanks a lot.

The article “Down Syndrome” reviewed by Dr. Mary Gavin, thoroughly explains the causes, affects and diagnosis of the condition. This genetic condition involves the individual gaining an extra chromosome, ending up with 47 instead of 46. A person with Down syndrome facial and bodily features will be distinctly unique, making it easy to characterize them from others. Consistent medical attention is crucial for a child with the condition, even if the child appears to have no significant health concerns. With out proper care, the child could develop pulmonary hypertension, worsened vision and hearing, seizures, asthma, infections etc. Prenatal screening

Down syndrome (DS) caused by trisomy 21 is the most common human aneuploidy and occurs approximately in 1 in 700 live births. Individuals diagnosed with DS display a wide range of clinical phenotypes including cognitive impairment, mental retardation, craniofacial abnormalities as well as increased risks for congenital heart defects, gastrointestinal tract abnormalities including Hirshsprung’s disease, with the presence or absence and severity of these features varying amongst the individuals. Proper formation of the craniofacial skeleton is important for the normal development of the brain, sensory organs and functioning of the digestive and respiratory tracts and is derived from neural crest cells.

It's hard to believe a random error in cell division known as nondisjunction can be the reason for so many birth defects. This one mistake is the cause of 1 in 691 babies being born with what is known as Down Syndrome. In every cell in the human body, there is a nucleus. Typically there are twenty three chromosomes in each nucleus. Down Syndrome occurs when there is extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. Down Syndrome is a chromosomal condition that causes low muscle tone, small stature, and a single deep crease across the center of the palm. Although, each person with Down Syndrome is a unique individual and may have these characteristics to different degrees.

Having a Down syndrome is such a difficult situation for an individual to have. They have slow physical and mental capabilities that lead them to discrimination. Physical features of having a Down syndrome. Including flattening of the head; slanting of the eyelids; a gap between the first and the second toes; a depressed nasal bridge; relatively small ears, mouth, hands and feet; short stature; decreased muscle tone and loose ligaments among others. Not every child with Down syndrome has all of these characteristics and some may have only a few. But other characteristic, if not appropriately can be including hearing deficits, congenital disease, eye abnormalities,

Down Syndrome is a developmental disorder caused by an error in the process of cell division. This disorder is characterized by an extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy)(Segal & Pesco, 2015). It is the most common chromosomal disorder and affects 1 in 700 live births (Ramia, Musharrafieh, Khaddage, & Sabri, 2014). According to Segal and Pesco (2015), Down Syndrome is characterised by physical features such as distinct facial characteristics, low muscle tone; conditions such as congenital heart disease; and Intellectual Disability with IQs typically ranging from 30 to 70.

People all over the world are diagnosed with a terrible disease called Down Syndrome. It was discovered by a british physician who was known as Dr. Langdon Down back in 1866 in Britain. This disease causes children to be born with physical and mental abnormalities. With so many children having this disease parents wonder what they have done to cause this curse, but it isn’t their fault. It is simply a random error in cell division which causes an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is mostly inherited at a very young age if not in the womb or after birth. There is no specific treatment for this disease. The only diagnosis for this disease is therapy and help throughout these people's’ everyday lives.

Do you ever see other people and wonder why they act and look so differently? Their is a genetic disorder by the name of Down-Syndrome. Down-Syndrome is a condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes while others have 46. People with this disorder may have the facial features of flat face, small nose, upward slant eyes, enlarged tongue and may appear shorter than others. Down-Syndrome has nothing to do with race, nationality, religion or anything the father or mother did during pregnacy.. Most parents want to know what is going on with the baby as the mother is pregnant and the best way to find out if your child is diagnosed with Down-Syndrome is a screening test and diagnostic test. A screening test is when you take a blood

Down syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, was first discovered in 1959 by a French physician named Jérôme Lejeune. He identified down syndrome as a chromosomal condition after noticing that there was a extra copy of chromosome 21 in the individual. Chromosomes are small “packages” of genes that carry hereditary information. They determine how a person will look, how their body functions, and traits they will carry. Normally, the human body contains exactly 46 chromosomes but when down syndrome occurs, the child has 47 chromosomes in the cell.

Mosaic Down Syndrome results from a second type abnormality in which only some cells in the body have an extra chromosome. Many babies with Down syndrome have certain physical characteristics, which are common. These signs occur in up to 80% of all cases. Some of these traits are: the eyes have an upward and outward slant, there is a fold of the skin on the inner side of the eye, the face has a flat appearance, the head is smaller than average, the ears are smaller and lower set, the legs and arms are short in relation to the body, there is poor muscle tone and reflexes tend to be weaker. If a child has six to ten signs, the doctor can be almost certain that the child has Down syndrome. Many times parents wonder what their Down syndrome baby will be like. Mayo Clinic Family health book says, “Your baby will be like a baby. He/she will be 100% reliant on you

Down syndrome is a common chromosomal disorder that is caused by abnormal cell division resulting in extra genetic material from Chromosome 21. Down syndrome occurs frequently in that 1 out of 800 babies are born with this disorder. Those born with Down syndrome tend to experience specific physical characteristics, cognitive impairments, mental and medical help problems. Down syndrome is extremely special to me because I grew up with an aunt who has this disorder. My aunt Lisa is beautiful, funny, outgoing, and smart. She lives and enjoys life as it is thrown to her. Some days are harder than others, but she is 62 years old and refuses to let her disability hinder her life. Down syndrome is not who she is, but something she has.

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder occurs in every individual regardless of gender, ethnicity and race. A British physician John Langdon Down discovered Down syndrome. He perceived Down syndrome a special kind of mental disability. As stated in Global Down syndrome (2015), in 1866, John Langdon Down named the disorder a Mongoloid because the facial features resembled Mongolian. In 1959, a French physician, Dr. Jerome Lejeune observed 47 chromosomes in the cell of an individual with Down syndrome and he concluded the result of Mongoloid is due to chromosomal abnormalities. As a result, in 1965, The World Health Organization accepted the name Down syndrome as the medical term for abnormal chromosome 21.

The dictionary definition of down syndrome is “a genetic disorder, associated with the presence of an extra chromosomes 21, characterized by mild to severe mental impairment, weak muscle tone, shorter stature, and a flattened facial feature” (dictionary.com, 2015). In other words, it