Mujahidin Research Paper

In April 1978 Afghanistan’s centrist government, led by President Muhammad Daud Khan, was overthrown by Soviet left-wing military officers, led by a man named Nur Muhammad Taraki. The Soviet Union was in support of the communists in Afghanistan and against the anti communist, “Muslim guerrillas”. The Soviet Union wanted to replace Afghanistan’s existing government to spread communism. The war ended up straining the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union nearly to the breaking point. The United States was not in favor of the Soviet Union trying to invade Afghanistan. This ineffective war lasted eight years, cost many lives and a lot of money, and was often compared to the Vietnam War. The Muslim rebels eventually succeeded

Babrak Karmal replaced by Najibullah as head of Soviet-backed regime. 1988 - Afghanistan, USSR, the US and Pakistan sign peace accords and Soviet Union begins pulling out troops. Red Army quits 1989 - Last Soviet troops leave, but civil war continues as mujahideen push to overthrow

The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the eventual civil war both effected America in many ways. After the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, they learned that their troops “were of little use in a place like Afghanistan” (Paul) because of the harsh terrain and environment. Using airstrikes, the Soviets began to decimate many of the villages within Afghanistan. It was because of this act of aggression that America started arming the resistance fighters with anti-aircraft missiles. With the assistance of the United States, the Soviets retreated from Afghanistan, which led to internal fighting within the tribes for power.

The financial and military support by the Pakistani government, as well as Saudi Arabia, China and United States contributed to withdrawal of Soviet troops form Afghanistan. The Soviets lost 15,000 troops, plus more than 500,000 troops were injured by 1989. The Afghan-Soviet was lasted for a decade and for the Soviet Union it was a costly mistake that historians claim to be a major factor in collapse of Soviet Union several years later. The victory of mujahidin was bitter sweet since more than 1 million Afghan lost their lives and 5 million people were displaced and the the political chaos between the mujahidin faction allowed the Taliban to take control of Afghanistan’s capital city in

After the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979, Islamic fighters rushed to Afghanistan to support their brothers and fight against the communists. Most Arab nations and the U.S. facilitated the

ISIS is a Sunni militant group seeking to create its own state, governed by their interpretation of the Laws of the Quran, and to destroy all other branches of Islam as well as convert or destroy all non-Muslims.

After years of battle, the mujahideen caused a lot of casualties to the Soviet forces which made the war expensive for them. As a result, in 1989 the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan. Unfortunately, this was not the end of the bloodshed. The mujahedin began fighting against each other for control in Kabul.

The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, most commonly referred to as ISIS or ISIL , is a group formed as a political, religious and military leader over all Muslims around the world. While having one leader, the organization aims to unite all Muslims under a single person. While many followers of ISIS accept the single leader and the violent practices, others have opposing viewpoints. Despite the fact that Islam is an Arabic word which directly translates into the English word of peace, ISIS is being held responsible for many of the human rights violations as well as war crimes that take place in the middle east and around the rest of the world. The United Nations along with the European Union have officially claimed ISIS and the followers a terrorist group. With such a continuously growing hype of ISIS around the world, what effect does it have on the young seventeen year old Muslim girl who just wants to live a peaceful life?

On December, 24th 1979 Soviets invaded Afghanistan, starting a nationwide rebellion by Islamic fighters and extremist, the fierce gorilla style fighting aided to the overall withdrawal of soviet force a decade after the initial attack on the country (Witte, Griff). Within a few years of the country relieving it’s self of Soviet rule the country focused their anger on themselves, starting a mass Civil War. In the mid-1990s, the Taliban began defeating local warlords and received support from Pakistan, by 1995, the Taliban is looked at as the government of Afghanistan (PBS.com). This would start phase one for The United States, the United States refusing that the Taliban held rule in Afghanistan as well as wanting to topple the Taliban. The two bomb bombings on American embassies in Africa led to the cruise missile attacks against Al Qaeda training camps in Afghanistan later on that year. On September 9, 2001, two men associated with the killing of the Northern Alliance leader, Ahmad Shah Massoud, who looked toward the United States for bigger financial backing, with his murder the coordinated attacks on September 11, 2001 where in motion (Witte,

Over 2,000 people have been killed by attacks carried out by ISIS. ISIS or the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria are an islamic extremist group located throughout the middle eastern region but have influence world wide. Their attacks have affected countries including the United States, France, and the United Kingdom. Their attacks have been occurring for years but the reached a major tipping point after they killed over 150 people in one night in Pairs. The Syrian region where ISIS mainly resides has been involved in a Civil war since 2011 and has seemingly had no break. The war has also been a large political battle even outside of Syrian powers as Russia and the United States back key players.

The Soviet troops entered Afghanistan along two ground routes and one air corridor, quickly taking control of the major urban centers, military bases, and the strategic installations. However, the presence of the Soviet troops did not have the desired effect of pacifying the country. On the contrary, it exacerbated a nationalistic feeling, causing the rebellion to spread further. Babrak Karmal, Afghanistan's new president, charged the Soviets with causing an increase in the country's unrest and demanded that the 40th army steps in, and put an end to the rebellion since his own army had proved untrustworthy. Thus, Soviet troops found themselves drawn into fighting against urban uprisings, tribal armies (called Lashkar), and sometimes against mutinying Afghan army units. These forces mostly fought in the open and Soviet airpower and artillery made short work of

When the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan on December 1979, the goal was to help Afghan communist forces set up a communist government. The Soviet Union felt Afghanistan had key resources and a foothold in the Middle East to spread communist ideas. The result would be a war that the Soviet Union wishes it never got involved in and likened to their “Vietnam War”, meaning winning a number of battles but not the war like what happened to the U.S. in Vietnam. The background of the war, outcome of the war, and impact on the United States are key to understanding the Soviet-Afghan War.

The government needs to do more to protect the United States from terrorist groups such as ISIS. Our government does not realize how bad this world can come to, if we do not start fighting back. ISIS has killed innocent people, destroyed our buildings, and they use our tools and weapons against us. Special agencies need to keep more of their plans secretive, by not leaking any information that should be kept private. Being the next president, I hope that you can try to resolve these problems, make our country a better place, and protect us from any violent acts.

Outside influence has always be an issue for Afghanistan as demonstrated by the numerous military campaigns that surround its history most notably by Alexander the Great, British, Soviet Russians, and today by Western powers. During 1880-1901 Abdur Rahman Khan came into power. It was at this time Abdur Rahman expressed that the British were “really anxious to see Afghanistan a strong independent Government-a true ally and barrier, “ whereas the Russians wished “to see Afghanistan divided into pieces and very weak, if not entirely cleared out of the way to India.” (Ewans, pg 99). Although considered a strong ruler who re-established the Afghan Government his power came from the reliability of the British for his protection throughout his reign.

The Nation of Islam is one of the most recognizable symbols of an organized African American voice in the United States. Starting from a few followers in the Great Depression, this movement and religion eventually grew to include thousands. It has also been the starting point for several famous African American individuals, such as Muhammad Ali and Malcom X. The Nation of Islam has been the source of much controversy and speculation from outside members. The group is no stranger to accusations regarding its beliefs and practices. It can be seen be the history of the Nation of Islam that it gained publicity and popularity due to its racial, socioeconomic, and political ideals, not by its interpretation of and relation to the orthodox Islam.