Multicultural Factors Associated With Tf-Cbt

TF-CBT may address how family rejection, foster care placement, sexual abuse or physical, emotional abuse and/or neglect traumatizes a child. These types of complex trauma, in children, affects them biologically, emotionally, cognitively and it affects their self-perception (Cohen et al., 2012). TF-CBT applies therapy to children in phases which focuses on coping skills, processing trauma and understanding trauma experiences. Therapist integrate and consolidate these phases to create a generalized sense of safety and trust (Cohen et al.,

Anxiety disorders may be assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders [SCARED-C] (Birmaher et al., 2003). PTSD may be assessed using a variety of methods such as Structured Clinical Interview [SCI], the Diagnostic Interview Schedule [DIS], and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS] (cited in DeNigris, 2008). PTSD is a debilitating state that can develop from traumatic events (Marsh, 2008) . In a recent study conducted by Madigan and colleagues (2015) they state that Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy [TF-CBT] is

Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is basically a conjoint parent and child psychotherapy approach for kids and teenagers who are undergoing significant behavioral and emotional difficulties pertaining to traumatic life events (Jensen et al., 2014). In essence, it is a components-based treatment model incorporating trauma-sensitive interventions with family, cognitive behavioral, as well as humanistic techniques and principles. Parents and

As children go through life, they will come upon stressful situations and experiences. Many children will work through the challenges that life brings, build resilience and move forward, however, some children may experience more extreme traumatic events that can result in life difficulties due to serious trauma symptoms that are much harder to manage. Trauma-Focused-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is an evidence based treatment model designed to help youth who have experienced a significantly traumatic life event. TF-CBT uses skills and strength based therapy to address symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety (Cohen et al, 2006). This research is an examination of trauma focused cognitive behavior therapy as a model of practice including the areas of history and development of the model, its relationship with other models of practice, considerations of appropriate populations, methods and components for treatment, effectiveness of the intervention and relevance for social work practice.

Sixty percent of adults report experiencing abuse or other difficult family circumstances during childhood. (Mental Health Connection, N.D.). This shocking statistic exemplifies the high prevalence of childhood trauma. Furthermore, twenty-six percent of children in the United States will witness or experience a traumatic event before the age of four. (Mental Health Connection, N.D.) Trauma is an extremely common and complex phenomenon. But what is trauma? According to Merriam Webster, trauma is defined as, “a disordered psychic or behavioral state resulting from severe mental or emotional stress or physical injury.” (Merriam Webster, 2017). Dr. Lenore C. Terr from the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of America further describes trauma as unique to each individual. It can be caused by a series of events or one severe incident. Unfortunately, childhood trauma is usually experienced repeatedly. For example, many children endure sexual abuse, bullying, and severe family problems over and over again. Children may experience a variety of traumas that have lasting consequences on their mental health. Those who experience childhood trauma are more likely to develop psychological disorders. This occurs because their brains lack neuroplasticity, which inhibits their ability to adapt to various stressful circumstances.

Once my client is stabilized from the initial concerns of severe depression and suicide attempts, TF-CBT could be introduced. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse or Trauma. (2012) suggests that the following areas be covered psychoeducation and parenting skills, relaxation techniques, affective expressions and regulation, cognitive coping and processing, trauma narrative and processing, in vivo exposure, conjoint parent/child sessions and enhancing personal safety and future

Researchers on Cognitive-behavior Therapy (CBT) report that CBT interventions are the most effective evidence-based treatments to treat depression among Latino youth (Feldman, Trupin, Walker & Hansen). CBT consist of pyscho-education, coping skills, exposure, monitoring of thoughts, moods and activities, illogical thinking, self-regulation and parent education/training when treating children (Carr, 2004). One specific CBT is Trauma-focused which focuses on youth who experience complex trauma. With Trauma-focused Cognitive-behavior Therapy (TF-CBT) therapist gather basic background to make the

“The sad fact is that many women of color are living with PTSD and CPTSD resulting from childhood traumas but are not simply receiving the diagnosis and do not get the appropriate treatment.” The stigma within the African American community prohibits a person from seeking help and not airing out your dirty laundry for fear of being labeled “crazy” with their family or social circles. Dr. Kuban cites The National Institute of Trauma and Loss in Children (TLC) that witness trauma is not seen as a mental disorder but as a painful experience, which many children struggle to cope. I did not have anyone to talk to that could understand how I felt. I didn’t know it then, my inability to say what I felt as a child was depression. Terrie Williams, publicist and therapist call this the “wake-up call” that even little kids suffer from depression even if they don’t know it. Many adults believe children do not suffer with depression and for several decades mental health professionals did not have an official diagnosis for childhood depression. Adults and teachers often underestimate a child suffering PTSD and misinterpret their silence for

This theory proposes that a traumatic event produces maladaptive assumptions and beliefs about the world, other people, and the self that interfere with recovery (Schultz, Barnes-Proby, Chandra, Jaycox, Maher, & Pecora, 2012). CBITS uses cognitive-behavioral techniques (for example, psychoeducation, relaxation, social problem solving, cognitive restructuring, and exposure). Cognitive-behavioral therapies work to teach people skills to combat these underlying issues, including correction of maladaptive assumptions, processing the traumatic experience instead of avoiding it, learning new ways to reduce anxiety and solve problems, building peer and parent support, and building confidence to confront stress in the future (Schultz, et al.,

This annotated bibliography looked at 6 different journal articles on the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) versus other methods and variations of CBT. Historically speaking, it is common knowledge in the field of psychology for CBT to have a 50% success rate for patients with PTSD in that it either works or it doesn’t work, which is traceable to the patients commitment to the therapy. These articles review abstract ideas that have been ventured upon by researchers to corroborate the preconceived notions of CBT and PTSD and find a

This discussion is a review of the Cognitive Behavior Intervention for Trauma in Schools program also known as CBITS. This discussion will include an overview of the program and descriptions of components that are included within the program. The program has been introduced into two other programs that are specifically for children that have experienced trauma and how the program effected children who have been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. The implementation and effectiveness of this program and its transportability will be discussed. Cost Effectiveness and the quality of care that is received by the clients will also be evaluated. The program will also be reviewed for factors that will influence a provider’s decision to utilize the program and possible institutional obstacles and possible future opportunities will also be discussed.

Lucy Berliner spoke about at a sexual abuse at Penn State University. She stated that Berliner stated that “you can be affected, without being ruined”, I feel that it is a statement that can be used as a power tool for victims of abuse. It does not matter what happens to you in the past as long as you have the will and determination to live through it. Ms. Berliner explained that there are many different psychological outcomes of victimization stating that 70% with PTSD has some form of depression. Treatment for Trauma includes Trauma Focused CBTs which work all over the world for adults and children, with 80-85% of individuals benefiting from multi-traumas and diverse ethnic/racial backgrounds.

The pervasiveness of these correlations is high and suggesting childhood trauma could play a major role in the psychological health of a person later in adulthood, and there have many studies which have been conducted that could support these theories.

The key concept of this literature review is to better understand how childhood trauma is associated with mental health, such as post-traumatic stress disorder

I enjoyed reading your post Elisa. You highlighted the advantages and disadvantages well in your post.