Multinational Corporations, Their Challenges and Successes

The world we live in today is going through enormous changes in economics, technology, culture, politics, etc. The effects of the changes are not so clear, since it is hard to predict how each sector would affect the other and how society will be affected. However, analyzing past and present occurrences provides some information for experts to interpret society’s reaction in the future to different transformations. Globalization can be seen as a process in which societies around the world come together and expand through the combination of different forces. This paper will explore the effects of globalization on US companies, US society and economy, and the implications for other countries in the post-industrial world.

International marketing – Ethnocentric Orientation In this kind of orientation a firm assumes that the process of home country is superior to the rest of the world. They consider that all markets are similar and assume that products and practices that succeed in home country will be successful anywhere. Multinational Marketing – Poly centric Orientation In this kind of orientation firm believe or assume that every country in which a company does business is unique. In order to succeed, they adopt the policy of applying business and marketing strategies differently in different countries. Global Marketing – Geocentric Orientation In this kind of orientation firms view the entire world as a potential market and attempt to develop integrated global strategies. A global company can

In our day and age, the next step for every company is “to go global”.

Flexibility has become mandatory in an age where geographical boundaries and workday schedules are now obsolete. Being able to shift your schedule to accommodate people anywhere around the globe is important. That flexibility in communication and management styles are a must. A MNC manager would not supervise the American branch in exactly the same way as the Japanese branch, where the culture is completely different. Understanding and appreciating those differences in cultures have become even more important as managers start to travel throughout the

Parker, B. (2005). Introduction to Globalization and Business: Relationships and Responsibilities. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection Data

In the business industry, if businesses want to export their goods and services to other countries, they must become familiar with and adopt international and global strategies. Consequently, there are three types of international and global business strategies. The first type is international, which entails conducting a significant amount of activities outside the home country, yet its focus remains on the home market (Fung, 2014). The second type is multinational, which consists of operating in multiple countries, yet the headquarters is in its home country, not to mention that the competitive advantage will vary by country (Fung, 2014). The third and final type is global, which is when the organization treats the whole world as one market and one source of supply, not to mention, that its competitive advantage is contingent of common brands, standardized products, and global scale production (Fung,

Multinational corporations are business entities that operate in more than one country. The typical multinational corporation or MNC normally functions with a headquarters that is based in one country, while other facilities are based in locations in other countries. In some circles, a multinational corporation is referred to as a multinational enterprise or a transnational corporation .

Version 2015-02-09 Academic Year 2014-2015 Course unit Title: Multinational Management Course unit code: BMAN 70012 Credit Rating: 15 credits 1 Instructors Contact details Umair.Choksy@mbs.ac.uk Room: MBS East F3 Office hours: by arrangement Noemi.Sinkovics@mbs.ac.uk www.manchester.ac.uk/research/noemi.sinkovics Phone: (0161) 275 6492 Room: MBS East F11 Office hours: by arrangement

The first important factor to business is Going Global (pg 110), or to expand overseas markets. The benefit being that profits and marketing opportunities can be increased. Going Global also reduces the percent of the firm in any given location, thus reducing risk. Choosing of the market in which to enter requires very extensive research, focusing on local demand for what the firm produces and availability of the required resources for production such as labor and natural resources. In the article it is said that , “To be effective in an organization, a person values must be compatible with the organizations”. This statement shows the need for unity within a company. If a new part of the company is in a

Multinational companies have brought revolution in the world. Their role is very significant in our lives. The multinational corporation is defined as an association or organization which provides its services to not only to one country but to many countries of the

Globalization has a history going all the way back to the first movement of people outside of Africa into other parts of the world. Before researching the topic of globalization I had the assumption that it was a fairly new phenomenon, but after doing research it was extremely interesting learning about the origins dating all the way back. Globalization has many elements associated with the process. “Globalization can be considered a process: a lengthy and often times convoluted process in which movement in one direction or the other is estimated by porous boundaries, shifting alliances, and seemingly contradictory patterns. The major elements of globalization - the impact of trade agreements; the fetters on cross- border capital movements; the effects of migration patterns; the accessibility and transparency of information; and the spread of technology – ebb and flow from the vicissitudes of political, cultural, and economic conditions.” ("BERA: Issue 1 Globalization (Business Reference Services, Library of Congress)," n.d.).

The world offers significant business opportunities for every company, however, opportunities are accompanied by significant challenges for managers. Managing global operations across diverse cultures and markets represents a big challenge and opportunity for companies. To compete in the global market and be successful, companies must learn the strategies, policies, norms and technology necessary to conduct international business. The opportunities for global expansion are numerous, and attaining success is a matter of developing the right strategy to win local markets and its consumers.

Companies can decide to go global or to enter international markets for various reasons, and these different objectives at the time of entry that enable the business to produce different strategies and the performance goals, and even forms of market participation.

As trade increases hyper-competition grows forcing organizations to go global. By a company going global it requires them to rethink strategy and reform (Ananthram and Pearson, 2008). Global organizational structure is the way a company aims to merge local preferences with global strategy. The definition of global strategy is “strategic choices that have the characteristics of being globally uniform or integrated,” (Yip et al., 1997) such as standardization of products, uniform marketing, and competitive moves, but all globally (Townsend et al., 2004; Zou and Cavusgil, 2002; Bayraktar and Ndubisi, 2014). Global strategic strategy is a way to adjust to globalization. Globalization is “the economic and social process by which economies and communities grow inextricably interdependent “(Jhirad et al., 2009). The recent financial crisis (Das, 2010), large amount of poverty, and climate change are all problems that show how the world is globally connected because all countries impact each other (Jhirad et al., 2009).

Almost all businesses aim to brunch out of their home environment into the global market. Multinational management has become very popular with the modern society because of globalization and expansion of businesses. For a business to expand into other countries, there are certain factors they need to take into consideration to ensure they are able to operate successfully.