Multinational Organization: Effective Organizational Leadership

Leadership has been researched extensively but yet scholars are yet to find or compile an exact definition. As (Kent, Todd, 2004) explain there have been many efforts in defining leadership and several ideas have been compiled yet there is still a distinct discrepancy amongst scholars. Author Chelladurai breaks down leadership into three elements: "(1) leadership is a behavior process, (2) leadership is interpersonal in nature, and (3) leadership is aimed at influencing and motivating members toward group goals" (pg. 160). These are the ways he focuses leaderships and their intentions towards leading. Kent and Todd further discuss the importance of leadership and its distinct aspect to society and organizations, and that future successes are largely dependent upon it (2004). Another area in the domain of leadership styles is when (Zorn & Violanti 1993) define leadership as "patterns of behaviors, assumptions, attitudes, or traits exhibited by individuals in attempting to provide leadership" (pg. 70). Additionally we further examine (Bloom, Vallée, 2005; Chelladurai, 1990; Chelladurai & Seleh 1978; Zhang et. al. 1997) in which "they break down the different styles of leadership into five categories, autocratic, democratic, positive feedback, social support and training and instruction. They

Lewis, a variety of leadership structures are outlined according to each country. This helps to highlight the vast differences in leadership and management style around the globe, and can aid companies as they begin to forge into the global market.[1] The differences are striking, even between countries with similar cultural backgrounds, like the United Kingdom and the United States of America and demonstrate that in order to have a truly successful business partnership with a different country, you must spend time learning to understand exactly how that country handles business, and how it manages it’s employees. Lewis states, “By focusing on the cultural roots of national behavior, both in society and business, we can foresee and calculate with a surprising degree of accuracy how others will react to our plans for them, and we can make certain assumptions as to how they will approach

In Kouzers and Posner’s view, leadership is to mobilize others to get extraordinary things done; and it is not about personality but it’s about behavior.

Leadership is one of social science’s most examined phenomena. The scru¬tiny afforded to leadership is not

Leadership has a variety of meanings to different individuals, often based upon the circumstance and situation which defines the term leader or leadership. Northouse (2016) defines leadership as, “a process by which an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal.” (p. 6). Sammi Caramella writes, “Leadership is critical to every company. Workers need someone to look to, learn from and thrive with. Every leader has their own style and strategy. Further, leadership styles and methods vary because of outside influences and personal challenges. While leadership is unique to everyone, there are some common ways to define the term.” (2017). According to Peter Economy (2018), also known as "The

In any organization it is essential to understand the relationship between organizational culture, leadership behavior and job satisfaction. This understanding allows management to know what cultural factors drive the organization and can be used to align the organization with its strategy allow for a good reward system. Culture within organizations is important as it plays an enormous role on whether employees are in happy and safe environments and can perform at the full capacity. Strong cultures are based on two characteristics, high levels of agreement among employees about what’s a valued and high level of intensity about these values CITATION Cha03 \l 1033 (Chatman & Cha, 2003). Although it seemed as if it had a great culture

The Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program, or GLOBE, is an extensive research program devoted to understanding how culture influences leadership and different organizational processes (House, Hanges, Javidan, Dorfman, Gupta, 2004, pp. 9). This program consists of three separate phases, the first being an empirical study focused on developing research instruments (House et al., 2004, p. 9). The second phase is primarily geared toward the “assessment of the nine core attributes of societal and organization cultures” which are referred to as cultural dimensions (House et al., 2004, p. 9). And the last phase is currently underway as an investigation of the impact and effectiveness of specific leader styles

There has been vast amounts of research done on the topic of leadership, and yet despite this it continues to be ‘‘riddled with paradoxes, inconsistencies, and contradictions’’

For centuries, leadership has been studied and used as a theme in many works of literature. The Egyptians had the word “leadership” written in hieroglyphics. The Chinese studied and wrote about the responsibilities of its leaders to the people. Homer, Plato, and Aristotle wrote about leadership in their literature. Authors such as “Caesar, Cicero, Seneca, and Plutarch wrote about leadership as it related to administration.” (Bass & Bass, 2008). By 1948, Stogdill was able find 128 studies of leadership that he classified according to the traits of importance of leadership: capacity, achievement, responsibility, participation, and status.” (Bass & Bass, 2008). Leadership will continue to be studied as more questions arise about its importance in public administration.

Chapter 1: The Nature of Leadership 1. What is the best explanation for so many different definitions of leadership? a. scholarly nitpicking about trivial issues b. disagreement about what should be included in the definition c. little opportunity for rigorous scientific analysis d. leadership is a very old topic with centuries of definitions Answer: b. 2.

Scott, Bishop and Chen (2003) researched how well Chinese employees perform under western management principles and practices. They stated that the traditional Chinese culture might have conflicting influences on the success of programs that involve employees. They examined components that underlie participative management efforts in the U.S., which include the nature of the tasks individuals perform in Guangzhou, China. According to their results, perceived group support and

A Study on Cultural intelligence and its effect on leadership effectiveness and behavior in multinational organizations in Asia

In times of rapid globalisation and economic development growth, the environment of business has become more and more complicated as a huge number of firms want to globally expand their businesses. Subsequently, the managerial implications of cross-cultural management is the challenge of this development. As Abbe (2007) states, cross-cultural leadership has developed as a way to understand leaders who work in the global markets. Culture is the “software of mind” that can influence people’s patterns of thinking and behaving.

In broad leadership affects performance but different approaches to leadership may be required in the overseas operations of multinational organizations. Because some nations may only recruit and promote those individuals that fit the national, culture bound leadership model. This research will therefore investigate the cultural sensitivity of HSBC in particular the employees of HSBC in Hong Kong. The practical implication of this research would be to analyse the effect of culture on leadership skills in multinational organisations.

Research has shown that major cultural differences exist between Western and Asian cultures and this essay seeks to show that adapting a leadership style preferred by that culture will attract the greatest number of followers. This essay will also demonstrate that the key characteristics of successful entrepreneurs are consistent amongst Western and Asian entrepreneurs. Firstly culture will be defined using the four dimensions as detailed by Geert Hofstede. These will be illustrated using a comparison of Asian and Western cultures. Secondly, a discussion of leadership and the way it is affected by culture will be presented. To support this view, a comparison between Chinese and US leadership styles is used. The case study of Lenovo and