Multiple Personality Disorder ( Mpd )

Diagnosis of dissociative identity disorder (DID) accounts for an estimated 1% of the general population and up to 20% of inpatient and outpatient psychiatric populations (Brand & Loewenstein, 2010). DID can also be triggered and manifested in individuals which is why trauma is especially prevalent in individuals diagnosed with DID; about 71% have experienced childhood physical abuse and 74% sexual abuse (Foote, Smolin, Kaplan, Legatt, & Lipschitz, 2006). Due to trauma being so prevalent in DID many individuals with dissociative disorders suffer from a multitude of psychiatric issues that may include

To understand the importance of DID in philosophical debates on personal identity, we must first understand what DID entails. DID is a mental disorder in which the person afflicted with the disorder momentarily “loses” their personal identity through what are known as: dissociative [or disassociation] episodes. Furthermore, this “loss,” which causes a person to take on, or switch to, a “different” identity, occurs when a person with DID is triggered by an action, person, and/or thing that makes a repressed traumatic experience, or at least a part of it, resurface. Yet, this “loss” of personal identity cannot solely be considered a “loss” because it is more of a purposeful defense involuntarily utilized by the mind of someone with DID to prevent the person from becoming aware of the repressed experience that has resurfaced. Moreover, disassociation, some may say, is a way to prevent the resurfaced experience from reaching the shoreline.

In chapter 15 of Exploring Psychology, the author discuss the basics of psychological disorders. Within this assignment, the psychological disorder of my choosing is Dissociative Identity Disorder. The commonality of the disorder is rare. Although we’ve disassociated ourselves in some form or the other with our ability to daydream, Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is more severe and is usually linked to trauma. Formerly the disorder was known as Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD). Individuals who suffer from this disorder usually have more than one aspect of themselves or personalities, whom he or she is completely unaware of. Sufferers of the disorder have to deal with a variety of symptoms such as memory loss, depression, anxiety, hallucinations, black-outs, impulsiveness, and perception of being detached from the self. The severity of the trauma is usually extreme, repetitive, and long-term. The individual may have an extensive history of physical, emotional, and/or sexual abuse.

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a condition where there are two or more distinct identities that are and will become present in an individual. These personalities can and will eventually take control of the individual, many people consider having dissociative identity disorder an experience of being possessed. The individual can and most likely will experience memory loss that is more extensive than ordinary everyday forgetfulness (Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality Disorder). Around two percent of people will experience dissociative disorder, women are more likely than men are to be diagnosed with DID. "Almost half of adults in the United States experience at least one depersonalization/derealization episode in their lives, with only 2% meeting the full criteria for chronic episodes” (Dissociative Disorders).

Often people living with DID are depressed or even suicidal and self-mutilation is common in this group. Approximately one-third of individuals affected complain of auditory or visual hallucinations. While the causes are unknown, statistics show that DID occurs in 0.01 to 1 percent of the general population ("NAMI: National Alliance on Mental Illness | NAMI: The National Alliance on Mental Illness,"). DID is a serious mental illness that occurs across all ethnic groups and all income levels. It affects women nine times more than men. In addition to experiencing separate identities, individuals living with DID may also experience many other symptoms ("Dissociative identity disorder - children, causes, DSM, functioning,

Lawsuits regarding RMT that associated with recovering realistic false memory and experiences of the patients, illustrates that the treatments is not suitable for patients as the author further exemplifies a study regarding an experiments where they planted fake memory about alien abduction in the patients’ mind which resulted in having more realistic experiences compare to the control group. This shows that fake memory could produce realistic experiences towards the patients and could lead to severe consequences. Parts work therapy on the other hand deals with identifying and labeling parts of an individual’s personality usually without the diagnosis of DID. Parts work is commonly associated with IFS therapy that assume traumatic patients poses subpersonalities of DID in order to cope their aversive events which usually link with negative traits. These traits are ‘treated’ in order to uncover the true-Self which is the ultimate goal of the therapy. Although the treatment sound legitimate, but there are insufficient evidence in supporting the therapy

DID is not completely understood but within the psychological community it is well accepted that it often stems from extreme, recurring abuse during childhood developmental periods. Studies, such as “Prevalence of dissociative disorders in psychiatric outpatients” in the American Journal of Psychiatry, have shown that “About 71% of clients with DID have experienced childhood physical abuse and 74% sexual abuse” (qtd. in Jacobson et al. 308). Although this phenomenon isn’t responsible for all of the occurrences of DID in the human population the fact that it plays a part in a majority of cases offers much insight about the illness. This disorder is essentially a coping mechanism for the sufferer because the alter(s) allow the person to separate their thoughts, feelings, and memories relating to traumatic experiences from their normal conscious awareness. Through this information it can be determined that the alter(s) serve the purpose of filling an emptiness in a person.

Dissociation is a common, naturally occurring defense against childhood trauma. When an individual is challenged with crushing amounts of abuse, children can dissociate from full awareness of a traumatic experience leading into adulthood; resulting in a developed dissociative disorder. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a condition in which a person more than one distinct identity or personalities, which often alternates without the individual’s being aware. The personalities have distinct names, identities, tempers, and the way they view themselves. Two or more personalities frequently assert themselves and controls the person’s normal behavior causing gaps in memory extending past typical episodes of just forgetting or blacking out. “Additionally, physiological conditions, such as direct effects from substance use or general medical

Adults with DID can come out with different name, age, gender, personality, and even their voices can change when another personality or identity is come out in their body. The identity changes and what that identity has done cannot be realized by the person who suffer from DID, but sometimes they can talk personally with another personality or identity inside their body. This identity changes can happen because of the past traumatic experiences which is one of the most common causes of DID in an adult. The traumatic experiences cause a lot of adults have eagerness to suicide and harm themselves (Patient,

In the U.S., Canada, and Europe, approximately 90 percent report experiencing childhood abuse. The disorder may first occur at any age. Individuals with DID may have PTSD symptoms such as, nightmares and flashbacks. Several studies suggest that DID is more common among close biological relatives of people who also have the disorder than in the general population. As this disorder has grown more common, the diagnosis has become controversial. Some believe that because DID patients are highly suggestible, their symptoms are at least partly prompted by therapists suggestion of the disorder. Brain imaging studies, however, have supported the idea of identity transitions.

Imagine waking up in a new house, town, city, even state and not knowing how you got there. Now add onto that thought of forgetting almost a year of your life because someone else, or something, has taken over your body. That is just a look into dissociative disorders in general. Dissociative Disorders are ‘extreme distortions in perception and memory” (Terwilliger 2013). Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), or previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is often the most misunderstood dissociative disorder of them all. It has always been somewhat of a mystery. Seeing videos of the disorder can really give you an insight on what happens with the person who suffer from it. Almost everyone in the

Dissociative Identity Disorder, commonly referred to as Multiple Personality Disorder, exists as a bizarre mental disorder in which a person acquires two

s characterized by the presence of two or more personalities. In most cases, DID can be an effect of severe trauma in their childhood and also ongoing sexual, physical and emotional abuse. DID is a severe form of dissociation, which is a mental process that lacks the connection in a person's memories, thoughts, actions, feelings, or sense of identity.

Imagine waking up and not knowing what you had just done; imagine having seven different people living inside of your head all competing to become you. This is a daily struggle for those who are suffering from Multiple Personality Disorder. There are many misconceptions in the United States about Multiple Personality Disorder. First off, it is an actually disease, that cannot be just “turned off”. It is generally brought on by a traumatic event in that person’s youth. More often than not it is seen in those who were sexually abused by a family member. The brain has to devise a coping mechanism to interact with their predators when they must see them in front of other people. They tend to compartmentalize and hide these events and emotions causing them to morph into personas they take on when stressful circumstances arise.

The definite cause of DID is unknown, but one main cause of the disorder is believed to be severe and prolonged trauma experienced during childhood, including emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Symptoms of DID can include: an inability to remember large parts of childhood, sudden return of memories, as in a flashback and/or flashback to traumatic events, episodes of feeling disconnected or detached from one's body and thoughts, hallucinations, changing levels of functioning, from highly effective to nearly disabled, depression, anxiety, alcohol and/or drug abuse, headaches, and eating disorders. DID is a serious mental illness that occurs across all ethnic groups and all income levels, but has been proven to affect women nine times more than men. Research has shown that the average age for the initial development of alters is 5.9 years old. Statistics show that DID occurs in 0.01 to 1 percent of the general population (Mayo, 2014).