Mummy Research Paper

The work I chose to analyze was from a wall fragment from the tomb of Ameneemhet and wife Hemet called Mummy Case of Paankhenamun, found in the Art Institute of Chicago. The case of the Mummy Paankhenamun is one of the most exquisite pieces of art produced by the Egyptian people during the time before Christ. This coffin belonged to a man named Paankhenamun, which translates to “He Lives for Amun” (Hornblower & Spawforth 74). Paankhenamun was the doorkeeper of the temple of the god Amun, a position he inherited from his father.

The Process of Mummification The earliest ancient Egyptians buried their dead in small pits in the

Several well-known historical films such as The Mummy, Disney’s Pocahontas, Gladiator, Marie Antoinette and Shakespeare in Love are often portrayed based on stereotypes where historical people and events are altered for the sole purpose of entertainment. Take for example the film, The Mummy (1999), which was set in ancient Egypt. The mysterious and yet thrilling element of mummies associated with the belief of curses, along with the Egyptian culture, beliefs and architecture enthrall people to this specific genre. Although The Mummy (1999) teems with suspense and anticipation, it is embellished with false facts and distorts the ancient Egyptian culture to captivate the viewers. Not only did the film manipulate several ancient Egyptian facts

The tombs had two main functions. The first function was a place that provided an eternal resting place in which the body could lay protected from thieves and scavengers. The second function of the tomb was a place where cults and ritual acts could be performed to ensure eternal life (Taylor, 2001:136). The body of the person was buried along with their belongings in the tomb to ensure the individual had all the proper materials needed for the afterlife. The Egyptians usually did this because “Tombs were constructed to mirror aspects of the afterlife” (Olson, 2009). These tombs were not only a place where bodies of a deceased lay; it was also a place where rituals would take place. One ritual that was done on the bodies was the ‘Opening of the Mouth’. This was a burial ritual that “accompanied the placement of funerary goods in a tomb- and was a necessary step in the deceased’s rebirth” (Olson, 2009). One very important service that had to be done was the mummification process in which the removal of organs

Mummification is an ancient egyptian burial rite that is centered around preparing the soul of the deceased for the afterlife. There are multiple steps involved in the process of mummification and several objects with different functions used to perform this burial rite. Mummification is centered around the thought that death was merely physical and your soul continued living, with the ability to take distinct action, in the afterlife. Everyone desired to be mummified, however the extent of the mummification depended on the wealth of the family involved. Mummification was also generally not a rite reserved for criminals and lawbreakers since the idea behind mummification is for the deceased to have an easier afterlife.

Obviously, the Tomb of the Unknown is heavily guarded at all times, even during the atrocious weather that comes upon Washington, D.C. In the year of 1948, the Third Infantry, also known as the Old Guard, had received the responsibility of guarding the most important tomb in Arlington National Cemetery. The Third Infantry is very important because it is the only infantry unit allowed to march with bayonets on the rifles. Primarily, the Third Infantry’s responsibility are duties, for example, conducting all military funerals at Arlington National Cemetery, providing protection for the capitol building and providing an escort for the president of the United States. The most important honor that can be given to any soldier of the Third Infantry

Tutankhamun’s tomb is the only royal tomb in Egypt to have escaped the discovery of looters and was discovered by archeologist Howard Carter. The death of Tutankhamun was a sudden tragedy that til this day has yet to be solved. The cause of the famous teenage king’s death has been a long drawn out mystery with a range of theories as to how he met his end. There are no historical records explaining the cause or circumstances of his death, nor is there no positive evidence to suggest how he died. However, there are several theories and many of which have changed over the years.

Like other Yale senior societies, Skull and Bones membership was almost exclusively limited to white Protestant males for much of its history. While Yale itself had exclusionary policies directed at particular ethnic and religious groups, the senior societies were even more exclusionary.[11][12] While some Catholics were able to join such groups, Jews were more often not.[12] Some of these excluded groups eventually entered Skull and Bones by means of sports, through the society's practice of tapping standout athletes. Star football players included the first Jewish (Al Hessberg, class of 1938) and African-American (Levi Jackson, class of 1950, who turned down the invitation for the Berzelius Society) students to be tapped for Skull and Bones.[11]

The grave contained the cremated remains of the woman and displayed few signs of ritual libations. The archaeologists associated with Greece’s Ephorate for Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities excavated the grave in 2003. Speaking about the significance of the tablet inside the grave, Lamont says that the curse tablets are supposed to be buried in an subterranean location such as a grave or well. The ancients believes that the underground locations acted as a bridge through which the curses reached the underworld Gods.

The excavation and discovery of Tutankhamun’s tomb was as a result of the efforts of the Archaeologist Howard Carter and his team. Carter’s discovery of the tomb came by finding steps to the burial near the entrance to the tomb Ramses VI. The subsequent excavated of the site by Carter and his team revealed the greatest ever treasure found from an Egyptian tomb and showed the existence of Tutankhamun. Carter’s methodology for the excavation was that of maintaining records for each artefact and that every artefact that was brought out of the tomb was preserved appropriately. The discovery and excavation of the tomb was a long and complex process but with it revealed much about Tutankhamun.

The shrine of Tutankhamun uncovers the burial customs of the New Kingdom Egyptians. The Canopic Shrine positioned on the east wall of the Treasury holds Tutankhamun's embalmed internal organs. A gold chest held four Canopic jars containing the dead pharaoh's internal organs in each jar. Undoubtedly, through the process of mummification, the embalmers must have removed the internal organs and preserved them in the Canopic jars, perhaps to be taken with the pharaoh to the next world. The third and innermost of three coffins of Tutankhamun is made of solid gold and is inset with semiprecious stones and coloured glass. It is covered with carved decorations and inscriptions inside and outside. It bears the names and epitaph of the deceased king and also protective texts. From this we discover the significance of the importance of the decoration of the mummy was, and the power the coffin was believed to hold. Originally, mummification was so expensive that it was a privilege enjoyed only by the Pharaoh and few nobles. Everybody else was given a simple grave burial in one of the vast cemeteries or "necropolises" of the time. But the promise of eternal life was so appealing that it wasn't long before other classes of Egyptians began signing up for mummification, too.

In the past, Egyptologists were unable to read the text on the cases in which mummies were placed into. Recently a new scanning device was created to enable Egyptologists to read what is beneath the bindings on the cases. The cases are made of fragile scraps of papyrus. According to BBC, these scraps were once used by ancient Egyptians as shopping lists and tax returns. The hieroglyphics on the papyrus were unreadable due to the plaster and paste used to keep the case together. Both articles on the BBC and the DailyMail contain relatively the same information regarding who, what, when, where, and why. On December 31, 2017, Egyptologists from the University College London uncovered the name of the ancient mummy located at Chiddingstone Castle in Kent, England. The name of the mummy is Irethorru or Irethoreru. This

“I know, I’ll take care of that. I need you to get the hook so we can smash his brain and pull it out of his nose,” Aahmes

form of a bird usually a falcon and fly around in the world of the living

The Egyptians believed in magic bricks. When someone dies, they often place one magical brick on each side of a tomb to scare away evil spirits from the grave of the person that dies.