Muscle Fatigue And Athletic Performance

These adaptations are relevant because the body is being stressed which leads to more blood being needed by the working muscles. With this increase in stroke volume and cardiac output, it also increases the heart rate. Heart rate is the amount of times the heart beats per minute. This means that the heart is working hard and being progressively overloaded increases the efficiency and will improve the performance of the athlete. Another adaptation is oxygen uptake. When the body is being progressively overloaded oxygen uptake is really important because it is the amount of oxygen being delivered to working muscles. This amount increases when exercise begins but decreases as adaptations occur. This is very similar to lung capacity as lung capacity is the amount of air that the lungs can hold. Another physiological adaptation in relation to progressive overload is haemoglobin levels. Haemoglobin is the substance in the blood that binds to oxygen and transports it around the body. These levels are important because it’s telling us how much oxygen and blood is being used and directly relates to stroke volume and oxygen uptake. Muscle hypertrophy is a term that refers to muscle growth together with an increase in the size of muscle cells. For a sprinter this adaptation is very important because it indicates that the muscles have been stimulated and grown and an

There will be a significant relationship between peak power and fatigue index in endurance verses power athletes.

The criteria for articles chosen was that each piece of research needed to involved the intake of CR, and being physically or athletically tested pre and post ingestion of CR with no other supplementation, steroid, or health related drugs involved. All research articles were double blind with placebo groups to prevent the effects of bias and placebo effects. All research was done within the previous 16 years and a balance of gender was aimed for in order to be unbiased but resources were mainly male orientated. Time period was not contained as a variety of short and long term supplementation is good to compare the different effects of sports performance over different durations of supplementation. Age of subjects in experiment weren’t

Almost everyone who has pursued a sport with any seriousness has experienced muscle fatigue and the most commonly-cited culprit is lactic acid. However, viewing lactic acid as the metabolic 'bad guy' of athletics is fundamentally in error. In fact, "lactic acid is actually a fuel, not a caustic waste product. Muscles make it deliberately, producing it from glucose, and they burn it to obtain energy. The reason trained athletes can perform so hard and so long is because their intense training causes their muscles to adapt so they more readily and efficiently absorb lactic acid. The understanding now is that muscle cells convert glucose or glycogen to lactic acid. The lactic acid is taken up and used as a fuel by mitochondria, the energy factories in muscle cells" (Kolata 2006). What was long assumed to be harmful to athletic performance is in fact vitally necessary for sustained effort by the athlete. The reason that trained athletes may have less lactic acid and lower rates of fatigue than untrained athletes is that their bodies have learned to absorb the acid and use it as fuel more productively, not that their bodies produce less lactic acid.

Muscle fatigue is the process of exhaustion or strength lost, as well as muscular endurance that corresponds with the building up of lactic acid in the muscles (Medical Dictionary) Throughout the lab it was discovered that the greater the number of muscles in the body that are used, the more fatigue builds up, and it becomes difficult to use those muscles. According to table 1.2 and 1.3, there was a decrease in the number of squeezes of a clothespin that were completed in 30 seconds for each of the 10 trials. As the number of trials were increased it became difficult to press the clothes pin quickly and efficiently, causing the fingers’ pace to slow down. The first couple of trials were easily completed without muscle soreness since the

Simply put, if muscle protein synthesis is not taking place, the muscles are breaking down.

Contrary to what was long thought, muscle fatigue is not due to the accumulation of lactate in

Two of the main causes of poor posture are muscle tightness and muscle weakness, therefore it is important to design a stretching program to improve muscle length, as well as a resistance training program to improve strength.

The causes of fatigue during exercise could be any combination. Some happen within the muscle itself, like the decreased rate of energy production ATP, anaerobic glycolysis, and aerobic metabolism. The accumulation of metabolic lactate and H+. The failure of the muscle fiber's contractile mechanism from a injury of some sort. Also alterations in neural control of muscle contraction such as changes in the brain or central nervous system. It all depends on the type and intensity of the exercise, the fiber type of the involved muscles, and even the nutritional diet. (Kenney, 11/2011, p. 128)

The athletic realm is more competitive today than it has ever been. As the years have passed more and more studies have been done and attention have been drawn to creating the elite athlete and training has become more efficient and challenging on the athletes body. I’m sure that we have all heard the phrase “more is better” but this is not always the case when it comes to preparing to compete. Coaches and athletes who think this way increase the likelihood of their or that athlete’s experiencing overtraining syndrome. Overtraining syndrome (OTS) is defined as a condition of fatigue and underperformance, often associated with frequent infections and depression which occurs following hard training and competition. Overtraining syndrome is the

Many athletes, predominantly field-based, necessitate superior levels of strength and aerobic capacity simultaneously to be competitive within their sport. Therefore, concurrently incorporating strength and endurance training within a training regime is common practice amongst athletes. Research shows concurrent training (CT) has substantial benefits for endurance performance by improving economy of movement and power output, with little influence on VO2max (Blagrove, 2013). Conversely, strength gains are repeatedly reported to be attenuated with the addition of endurance training, a phenomenon often termed the inference effect. However, the underlying mechanism

Immediately the physiological mind wants to overlook the condition of the physiological body. It’s a mental sense that more now will produce better results later. Fact of the matter is if we want to improve on this race, a period of rest before resuming our training is advantageous, both mentally and physically.

Exercise induced muscle damage results in decreased muscle force production, increased muscular tension as well as muscle soreness and swelling. This subsequently leads to a reduction in physical performance and ability to maintain training load (Howatson & van Someren, 2008).

“Overtraining children has the opposite effect of what we want” (Dr. Micheli, M.D.). Children under the age of 18 have shown that too much practice increases their stress levels by 22%. Even though competitive sports build confidence and physical strength, teens that play competitive sports at the high school level are drained because too much practice weakens physical and mental health and can cause more injuries at a young age. Because of this, CIF rules now state that high school teams cannot practice for more than 18 hours a week, games counting as 3 hours.

Muscular endurance is very important for people playing sports and who have to sustain an activity for long periods of time. Muscular endurance is determined by how well your slow twitch muscle fibers are developed. In case your wondering what slow twitch muscle fibers are, I will explain. There are generally two types of muscle fibers in your body, slow twitch and fast twitch. Slow twitch muscle fibers cannot exert as much force as fast twitch, but can sustain an effort over a much greater period of time. Fast twitch muscle fibers can exert a great amount of force but for a very limited amount of time. Therefore, slow twitch equals endurance, while fast twitch equals strength.