Muscle Spasticity

More severe symptoms in children with cerebral palsy may result in basically no muscle control, greatly affecting their lives.” (Cogher, Savage & Smith, 1992)

Periodic Paralysis Syndrome is a blanket term for a couple of inherited muscular disorders. The most common types are hypokalemic periodic paralysis and hyperkalemic periodic paralysis. Both of these are inherited and generally present from childhood, tho it is possible for symptoms to start showing later in adolescence. In hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, high levels of potassium in the blood interact with genetically caused abnormalities in sodium channels (pores that allow the passage of sodium molecules) in muscle cells, resulting in temporary muscle weakness and, when severe, in temporary paralysis. This disease may be caused by genetic defects in either the calcium channel or the sodium channel. Hypokalemic disease may be caused by genetic defects in either the calcium channel or the sodium channel (Medline Plus).

throughout her lower extremities bilaterally. She has 2+ knee and angle jerks bilaterally. Straight leg raising is accomplished at 90° on the left, however on the right patient complains of low back and leg pain at 60°.

Spastic cerebral palsy carries many symptoms which include muscle spasticity/stiffness, joint contracture, paralysis, seizures, dysarthria, difficulty eating/swallowing, drooling, irregular breathing (respiratory problems), unsteady gait, learning disabilities, hearing/eyesight problems, slower growth than average, scoliosis, bowel problems, or urinary incontinence. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.) Spastic

Spinal Muscular Atrophy is classify as an interneuron abnormality and loss of the anterior horn cells in the spinal column. SMA is categorized into three subtypes with the classification embedded on the motor milestone achieved. Spinal type I (Werdnig-Hoffman disease) child is to weak that they never learn to sit, type II child learn to sit but never learn to walk without assistive device, and type III (Kugelberg-Welander disease) child can walk independently (Tecklin, 2015).

Olama, K.A., & Thabit, N.S. (2010) performed a randomized controlled trial to determine the efficacy of whole body vibration (WBV) and a designed physical therapy program versus suspension therapy and the same designed physical therapy intervention in balance control in children with hemiparetic CP. Criteria for inclusion for the study were children with hemiparesis cerebral palsy from both sexes ages 8 to 10 years old, able to understand commands given to them, able to stand and walk independently with frequent falling, and balance problems ( as confirmed by the Tilt Board Balance Test). The exclusion criteria consisted of presence of any medical condition such as vision and hearing loss, cardiac abnormalities, and musculoskeletal disorders. Children who met the criteria (n=30) were recruited from the outpatient clinic, College of Physical Therapy, Cairo University The randomization was done according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Treatment allocations were done by the selection of a closed envelope randomly selected. Parents and children were informed of the treatment allocation after the selection, procedures were explained to both of them and signed assent and consent were obtained.

People with spastic cerebral palsy may develop severe stiffening of the joints because of unequal pressures on the joints exerted by muscles of differing tone or strength.

However there are also health conditions that can be affected by mobility such as respiratory and

“Doak realizes there are many people with muscle diseases who are far worse off than she. ‘But,’ she says, ‘In my mind, I used to be able to do things that now I can’t. It’s still bothersome,’” –Sandy Doak, victim of Central Core Disease. Central Core Disease, or CCD, affects one the body’s most major systems –muscular, in a way that everyday people cannot imagine from infancy to adults. Patients with Central Core Disease go through more than muscle weakness but also more complications that come along with this disease.

Motor skills are mostly affected performance skills that A.K. is suffering from. For example, posture, mobility, coordination, and strength/effort are areas affected. A.K. shows spasticity in her lower extremities and trunk. Her legs show substantial spasticity in movement and joint range of motion. A.K. requires assistance with upholding a secure seated position in the bathtub as well as getting and in out of the tub.

When a prescription drug gives somebody a high, neurotransmitters in the brain are essentially hijacked by the opiates. This is a problem because the neurotransmitters control the flow of dopamine, or the chemical in our brains that makes us feel good. When taking the prescription pill the dopamine levels in the brain shoot up and that is how you feel the full affect. Muscle spasms occur as a long term effect due to this cycle. The brain isn’t able to process information as thoroughly as it normally would so it doesn’t control your body to its full ability. By snorting and injecting prescription pills you can cause severe heart damage. When you snort or inject a substance, it almost immediately kicks in because it goes straight to the bloodstream and this is hard on your heart because it isn’t natural for so much dopamine to be released so quickly throughout the body.

I really appericate that you spent some time with me ousting some of the myths or over interpreted problems occuring in my body that many decided was bad. Since the test came back normal I can only assume two possible reason why my body is having some issues : 1) lack of exercise making all my muscles extremely weak 2) shocks and aches coming from jaw issues. Last night, I experienced a large amount of electrical shocks in my wrist, ear drums, neck and ankles after my jaw locked up on me. I have a feeling that many of my aches and pain comes from the after effects of these muscle spasm. Knowing that, I will strive to elimate some of the stresses in my life to redue some of these events from happening and I will strenghen my muscle where they

This study examined the effects of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment, (LSVT LOUD), in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and dysarthria. Five children between the ages of 5 and 7 with a medical diagnosis of predominantly spastic CP were chosen. Additional criteria included: dysarthria, hearing within normal limits, no vocal fold pathology, ability to follow directions, and stable medications. A group of typically developing, sex, and age matched children were also recruited to allow for direct comparison. The children were randomly assigned to one of the four conditions with varying baseline durations. The conditions all included 16 treatment sessions for 1 hour, on 4 consecutive days for 4 consecutive weeks by an expert LSVT LOUD

Because CP describes a group of neurological and physical abnormalities, people affected by the disorder may have other neurological and physical problems. CP may not be noticeable at birth. Children with CP develop predictable developmental milestones slowly because of their motor impairments, and these delays in reaching milestones are usually the first symptoms (Gale Enc). Doctors diagnose CP by checking the infant’s motor skills, looking for developmental delays, and considering the child’s medical history. Many Doctors use the Early Motor Pattern Profile (EMPP) to help in their evaluations. The EMPP indicates variations in muscle tone, reflexes, and movement and is used to identify children during the first year of life who are at risk for the development of CP. The EMPP can be done during a routine office visit. Observation and minimal handling can detect abnormal motor patterns, making it quick and inexpensive. EMPP is the beginning of evaluation and intervention (“Early” 692). CP is a neurological disorder affecting motor control. It is the most common physical disability in childhood. It is a lifelong condition that varies from person to person. It can be very mild or extremely severe. There is no known cure, and the cause is not completely understood. The four main categories of CP are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed. Spastic is stiff and difficult movement. Athetoid is involuntary and uncontrolled movement. Ataxic is a disturbed sense of balance and

An observation was held in the alpert Jewish community center. A variety of children between the ages of three to five were observed in activities ranging from physical and motor to social and cognitive development “The Gross Motor Function Measure was designed specifically to evaluate change in gross motor function in children with CP (Russellet al1989). It consists of 88 items