Mel Miller
Reading Lab 7-4
Ms. Guerrero
26 April 2016
Mutism Ever heard of mutism? I wouldn’t be surprised if you hadn’t; only .1% of people in the US have it. (The Free Dictionary) Mutism is rare disorder characterized by the failure and/or inability to speak. For some, this can mean the complete lack of speech, and for others, it can mean you only lack speech in some situations, such as at school or in front of a crowd. Although mutism is most often found in young children, it can also be found in adolescents and adults. Sometimes children naturally grow out of being mute, other times they require therapy and/or medication. There are many, many different types of mutism, but they can be narrowed down into two categories.
Selective Mutism
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Despite it being such a diverse disorder, there are three main types of mutism--mutism caused by anxiety, mutism caused by brain trauma, and mutism caused by physical problems. There are many different ways for it to be caused and treated. Hopefully, in the years to come, this disorder and its sufferers will gain the recognition they deserve.
Works Cited
Aggarwal, Ashish, Dinesh Dutt Sharma, Ramesh Kumar, and Ravi C. Sharma. "Mutism as the
Presenting Symptom: Three Case Reports and Selective Review of Literature." US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. Wolter Kluwer, 01 June 2010. Web. 06 Apr. 2016. .
Barstow, Donald, Ken Wells, and Gale Thomson. "Mutism." Encyclopedia.com. Encyclopedia.com,
2006. Web. 06 Apr. 2016. .
Dor, Mansoor Ahmad, Yasir Hassan Rather, Majid Shafi Shah, Rayees Ahmad Wani, and Arshad
Hussain. "Rapid Response of Long-Standing, Treatment-Resistant Non-Catatonic Mutism in Paranoid Schizophrenia with Single ECT Treatment." Europe PMC. Europe PMC, 11 Nov. 2014. Web. 06 Apr. 2016. .
Gordon, Neil. "Mutism: Elective or Selective, and Acquired." ScienceDirect. ScienceDirect, 07 Mar.
2001. Web. 06 Apr. 2016. .
"Selective Mutism." The Free Dictionary. The Free Dictionary, n.d. Web. 06 Apr. 2016.
Clinical Manifestations: (What are the textbook signs & symptoms of the disease? *Highlight the s/s your patient has.)
Having a hearing impairment means that you have the impotence to assimilate what others around you are saying. The loss of hearing and its severity comes in many different levels. In more severe cases of deafness, like in Jacobs’ case, a hearing aid gives very little to no help at all. Jacobs’ disability brought him many challenges. In school he
The treatment requires a team work, involving therapists, teachers and family members. It is critical for the teachers to understand the nature of selective mutism, and cooperate with therapists and family members. Usually school is the most difficult place for kids with SM where they can be at risk of being bullied by other kids or in some cases, their classmates may pressure these children to interact and speak to them. Teachers should develop a warm, supportive relationship with them, and remember that the selectively mute children are not silent on purpose, but they literally cannot speak. The teachers should examine environmental factors to determine possible barriers preventing the child from talking, and should try to lessen the anxiety for the child. Visiting the child at home is a beneficial way to develop a good rapport with the kid and an efficient way to know each
Schizophrenia is a severe, disabling and chronic disorder that affects people. Schizophrenia is diagnosed as a psychotic disorder. This is because a person suffering from schizophrenia cannot tell their own thoughts, perceptions, ideas, and imaginations from the reality. There is continuing debate and research as to whether schizophrenia is one condition or a combination of more than one syndrome that have related features. People suffering from schizophrenia may seem perfectly fine until the time they talk actually talk about they are thinking. People with schizophrenia rely on others for help since they cannot care for themselves of hold a job. There is no cure for schizophrenia, but there is treatment that relieves some of the symptoms. People having the disorder will cope with the symptoms all their lives. There have been cases of people suffering from schizophrenia leading meaningful and rewarding lives. There are five types of schizophrenia namely paranoid, disorganized, residual, undifferentiated, and catatonic schizophrenia. This paper will discuss paranoid schizophrenia.
It is important to contact a doctor immediately if these symptoms occur due to the severity of the illness.
For most children there is no clear reason as to why there is a delay in the development of speech, language and communication skills. Therefore, an adult should never assume that the child’s speech, language and communication problems are due to hearing loss. It may be that the child is experiencing communicating difficulties that are unrelated to their hearing problems because the child may not have acquired the vocabulary necessary to express his thoughts and actions.
L.H. report no concurrent or severe headaches; There was no head trauma, syncope or vertigo. Patient wears corrective lens with no difficulty of vision or diplopia; absent of inflammation, discharge or lesion. Last eye exam was in September of 2016 with no history of glaucoma, cataracts. L.H. denies having any frequent colds, sinusitis, epistaxis and trauma. Patient reports having obstruction stating, “it happens when I am lying down” with an occasional postnasal drip.
Common symptoms include fatigue, lethargy, weight loss, headaches, constipation, nausea, insomnia, metallic taste in mouth, reproductive problems, reduced cognitive ability and a bluish line along the
Jr. have realized over the last decade is these symptoms are extremely similar to the effects of
I was also born deaf and in most cases of deafness, the person is also mute,
Paranoid Schizophrenia is the most common diagnosed type. The individuals who suffer from this form of schizophrenia are delusional, suspicious of anyone, fearful and become obsessed with tasks to keep the one’s they think will do harm to them at bay. It becomes an overwhelming task of “fight versus flight” in their daily lives. This is an incurable, long-term psychosis. There is medication and treatment for the impaired individual whom without such intervention may worsen, harm others, or themselves.
Hesselman coined the term “selective mutism” in 1983 to describe the disorder previously called “aphasia voluntaria, elective mutism, speech phobia, psychological mutism, and hearing mute” among fourteen other historic terms (Dow, Freeman, Garcia, Leonard, & Miller, 2004; Kearney, 2010). The American Psychiatric Association, or APA, characterizes selective mutism by a “persistent failure to speak in specific social situations where speech is expected, despite speaking in other situations.” Selective mutism shifted in recent years from being viewed as a response to trauma sustained early in life to a manifestation of an anxiety disorder (Dow et al, 2004). This paper briefly covers all aspects of selective mutism from signs and symptoms to
There are four kinds of schizophrenia, including paranoid schizophrenia, disorganized schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, and undifferentiated schizophrenia. Causes are not clear, and biological, psychological and environment factors are being investigated. It is certain that there is a genetic component. (Passer and Smith, 2004)
ii. Report severe dizziness, weakness, drowsiness that persists, rash or skin lesions, palpitations, edema of the extremities; visual changes; difficulty voiding
Through a medical approach, we have discovered some symptoms that illustrate this fact in the case