My Understanding Aligns Best With Developmental Models Of Change

The way the counsellor approaches the client in this infant stage is vital for the client to gain trust and has the willingness to open up in later sessions. Some clients may just rush into what is troubling them or say nothing, in both cases the counsellor will need to be patient, observe and listen to what is being said as there will be vital information given and without understanding this it could damage

Transitions are changes that take place in our life, changes which can occur over a short or long period of time, can be physical, emotional, personal or psychological, and can be predictable or unpredictable.

Supervision should provide support and knowledge, to allow the growth of the supervisee, ensuring development and training is provided for the supervisee to develop into the role expected of them.

There are three main theories of development that I shall discuss in this assignment, 'Cognitive', the main theorist being, 'Piaget', (1896 - 1980), The, 'Psychosocial Theory', 'Erikson', (1902 - 1994), and, The 'Psychosexual', of, 'Freud', (1856 - 1939).

Supervision theories and practices began emerging as soon as counsellors started to train other counsellors (Bernard & Goodyear, 2009). Several different theoretical models have developed to clarify and support counselling supervision. The focus of early models of supervision had generally been based on counselling theories (such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Adlerian or client-centred), but these orientation-specific models have begun to be challenged as supervision has many characteristics that are different to counselling. Competency as a counsellor does not automatically translate into competency as a supervisor, and when supervisee/supervisor orientations differ, conflicts may arise (Falender &

Psychotherapy-based models of supervision often feel like a natural postponement of the therapy itself. “Theoretical coordination informs the observation and selection of clinical data for discussion in supervision as well as the meanings and relevance of those data (Falender & Shafaanske, 2008). I feel that this model utilize psychotherapy theory to apply similar techniques used with clients in the supervision setting, as a supervisor I would put emphasis on the importance of client-clinician, and clinician-supervisor relationship.

Supervisors’ provide effective formative and summative feedback, promote growth and self-assessment in the trainee, and they also have to be able to conduct their own self-assessment. These skills encourage the trainee in the process of supervising. Clinical supervision is defined as: “An intervention that is provided by a senior member of a profession to a junior member or members of that profession. This relationship is evaluative, extends over time and has simultaneous purposes of enhancing the professional functioning of the junior member(s), monitoring the quality of professional services offered to the clients she, he or they see(s) and serving as a gatekeeper for those who are to enter the particular profession” (Bernard & Goodyear,

* P1 Explain the principal psychological perspectives applied to the understanding of the development of individuals

Stoltenberg and Delworth (1987) stated that there were 3 levels for the supervisee beginning-intermediate and advanced and within these levels were 3 processes self-awareness, motivation and autonomy. In short the supervisee is originally highly dependent upon the supervisor and through progression confidence in the supervisee’s abilities develop until they gain independence and accountability for their actions. Within this progression conflicts may occur between the supervisor and the supervisee as the relationship changes to that of a more equal footing. Stoltenberg and Delworth identified a further 8 growth areas from the 3 processes these are: intervention, treatment goals and plans, skills competence, assessment techniques, interpersonal assessment, client conceptualisation, individual differences and professional ethics.

The discrimination model of supervision developed by Bernard & Goodyear, (1998) has three primary focus areas in training novice counselors these include use of intervention, what the supervisee is doing in the session that is observable, conceptualization or how the session work is being conducted and the level of understanding the supervisee has regarding client themes and application of specific counseling session interventions, and personalization, the supervisors own approach or method. This model embeds three essential supervisory roles, teacher, counselor and consultant in providing effective supervision. The teacher's primary

During this time the explorations are being done and they are basing their possibilities on them. When this is discouraged it causes confusion of themselves and their role in society.

Developmental Psychology has widened my perspective and knowledge of the nature of development from humans’ infancy to adolescence and emerging adulthood. Although I have learned about biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes and periods of development, I am especially interested in socioemotional development in infancy because it is the foundation for a child’s future development. That is to say, if children have a healthy socioemotional development from infancy, they will have a healthy life later on. By understanding the developmental process in infancy, I will be fully prepared when I have children or when my family’s members do.

In order to examine this issue further, this research will look at a number of different sources. Contemporary managerial sources are explored in order to understand how other voices in the field are describing similar methods for change. First, popular structures for change management are examined, especially within their correlation to Palmer & Dunford (2009). This is followed with an extensive

There are many theories on how a human develops. Most babies follow a certain pattern of development but the controversy is which person 's developmental pattern of development is correct? Erik Erickson, Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget 's developmental theories are similar. Each of the theories goes through a human 's development chronologically, giving a guideline of when certain developments happen. For example when a child is supposed to walk or when a child is going to speak. It is only a guideline and these theories are not supposed to be held too strictly.

“The competent clinical supervisor must embrace not only the domain of psychological science, but also the domains of client service and trainee development. The competent supervisor must not only comprehend how these various knowledge bases are connected, but also apply them to the individual case” (Holloway & Wolleat, 1994 p.30). The clinical supervisor and supervisee relationship is a complex relationship. According to Carlson and Lambie (2012), Systemic-Developmental Supervision (SDS) is meant to promote an environment in which empathy and warmth are display but is free of judgement. This allows the supervisee to grow professionally. A systemic-developmental supervisor with adjust the relationship with the supervisee based on the developmental stage of the supervisee and has four core components.