Myelin Sheath

2.Dendrite are the receptive region of the neuron. They conduct electrical impulses toward the cell body.

Neurons have a part called the dendrites and this is where the neuron fires a correct impulse to another neuron through the axon. Axon is a long projection that connects nerve cells.

Schwann cells are specialized cells found in the Peripheral Nervous System; they are dedicated to forming myelin sheaths around certain nerve fibers. These myelin sheaths aid in the conduction of nerve impulses and help to protect and electrically insulate these fibers. “Schwannomatosis is a rare

Neurons (also known as neurons, nerve cells and nerve fibers) are electrically excitable and the most important cells in the nervous system that functions to process and transmit information. Neurons have a large number of extensions called dendrites. They often look likes branches or spikes extending out from the cell body. It is primarily the surfaces of the dendrites that receive chemical messages from other neurons.

Our human brains have about 100 billion neurons. These neurons react to physical and chemical changes in their surroundings. These cells specialize in sending and receiving neural messages. These neurons make connection with other neurons and send signals all over our bodies. Typically every neuron has a cell body, dendrites and an axon. Neuron’s body cell is like many other cells in body comprising of cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and many microtubules. These organelles enable to cell to perform its function. The axon portion of the neuron is responsible for carrying information to other neurons. The dendrite portion of the neuron is responsible for receiving the signals from the other neurons. Although neuron may have many dendrites, they typically have only one axon. All neurons are electrically excitable, maintaining voltage gradients across their membranes by means of metabolically driven ion pumps, which combine with ion channels embedded in the membrane to generate intracellular-versus-extracellular concentration differences of ions such as sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium. Changes in the cross-membrane voltage can

The myelin sheath is a fatty substance that surrounds the axons of the nerves and provides protection. It allows messages to be sent rapidly and accurately to the axons from long distances (Serono, 2010). The axons are the part of the nervous system that allows electrical transmission of signals throughout the brain and spinal cord. Without these electrical transmissions, the body

Neurons are specialized cells that receive electrical inputs from other connected neurons and transmit the electrical impulses to the next neuron through the mechanism of action potential. Neurons have a special structure with a cell body (soma) that receives inputs from highly branched dendrites in the form of electrical impulses and transmit action potential through axon.

Myelin is a spiral structure made of extensions of the plasma membrane of myelinating cells (Bunge et al, 1962; Peters et al., 1964). Myelin sheaths enwrap axonal regions forming the so called internodes, in a form of alternating concentric layers consisting of compact and non-compact myelin (Bunge et al, 1962; Peters et al., 1964; Baumann and Pham-Dinh, 2001) (Fig. 2.2).

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is made up of many complex cell types that work together to transmit electrical signals from the body’s sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS) and vice versa. Peripheral nerve cells relay the electrical signals through the long, thin part of the cell called an axon. To increase the speed of which the signal is sent, the axon is insulated with a myelin sheath produced by Shwann cells (SCs). Without an intact axon and myelin sheath, peripheral nerve cells are unable to activate target muscles or relay sensory information from the limbs back to the brain.

The axon does the opposite of the dendrites, and carries information into the cell body. The signals traveling through the axon are electrical impulses. The Node of Ranvier is a gap between two myelin sheaths. It allows water and waste to pass through the neuron. It also can generate electricity. The Myelin sheath protects the axon from any interactions with cells, atoms, or molecules outside the cell. Finally, the signal reaches the axon terminal bundle, it acts as a stimulus for the synaptic knobs. The nerve impulse reaches the knob, and a neurotransmitter is released, and it spreads to bind the receptors in/on the membrane leading to a nerve impulse in that cell.

“Today’s science is riveted on our body’s most amazing parts- the brain, its component neural systems, and their genetic instructions.” Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and function of the brain and nervous system. The basic building block of the nervous system and brain is the neuron, or a nerve cell. The neuron is made up of different structures, all playing a vital role in the function of the cell. The first being the dendrites, the bushy, branch extensions that receive the impulse and conduct it towards the rest of the cell. From here the message passes through the axon, a single nerve fiber that carries the impulse away from the cell body. Many axons are covered with a fatty, lipid covering called the myelin sheath. The function

Neurons are what send nerve impulses from one part of the nervous system to the other. Neuroglia is the “glue” that holds the neurons together. (Campbell, 2016). There are multiple parts of the neuron that help to transmit the impulses. A neuron includes the cell body, nucleus, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, and axon ending. The main portion is the cell body which holds the nucleus or DNA of the cell (Boeree, 2009). Dendrites receive the message from other neurons while axons carry the impulse to another neuron. The myelin sheath serves as insulation for the impulses so they can travel faster. The axon ending then sends the impulse on to another neuron and the process is completed for that impulse (Boeree, 2009). Nerve tissue helps to run the nervous system and the impulses sent in the body from neurons. All of the tissues of the body work together in order for the body to function and work as it

Interneurons - These neurons are found within the central nervous system. These are a medium between the sensory neurons and the motor

A typical neurone consists of the cell body (soma) which houses the nucleus, the axons, and the dendrites. The nucleus contains all the DNA or genetic material for the cell. The dendrites and axons extend from the cell body. The dendrites receive signals from other cells and bring them to the cell body, whilst the axons carry signals away from the cell body to other cells. The axon can be up to a meter long and is protected by the nerve sheath. This consists of a thick, fatty, inner layer of glial cells which is called the myelin sheath. The outer layer is called the neurilemma and is made from connective tissue. The myelin sheath is interrupted at intervals which causes the neurilemmas to dip down and creates notches. These notches are called

Each neuron has a large cell body which contains the nucleus of the cell as well as other cellular organelles which help with maintenance functions of the cell. Dendrites, or fiber-like extensions which increase the surface area of the cell to increase effectiveness, receive information from other cells. Axons are larger extensions of the cell which transmit information away from the cell body towards other cells.