NHS Health Belief Model

The HBM identifies constructs that lead to behaviors outcomes. The HBM is best used in following areas of health behaviors in different populations. For instance, the HBM was used in influenza inoculations, seatbelt usage, exercise, nutrition, Tay-Sachs carrier status screening, high blood pressure screening, smoking cessation, breast cancer screening, and AIDS related to sexual risk behavior on the generation, homosexual men, adolescents, pregnancy women (Glanz et al, 2002)

The Health Belief Model is commonly used for health promotion and health education. Its’ underlying concept is that health behavior is explained by perception of the disease and the strategies available to lower its occurrence. There are four perceptions of the HBM, which are perceived seriousness, perceived benefit, perceived susceptibility and perceived barriers. In addition to that, more constructs are added to health belief model that includes motivating factor, cues to action and self-efficacy. Each of these constructs in combination or individually, could be used to determine health behavior. The HBM also provides guidelines for the program development allowing planners to address reasons for non-compliance with recommended health action. The health belief model is a process used to promote healthy behavior among individuals who may be at risk of developing adverse health outcomes. A person must gauge their perceptions of severity and susceptibility of developing a disease. Then it is essential to feel vulnerable by these perceptions. Environmental factors can play a role as well as cues to action such as media, and close friends. In order to determine that taking action will be meaningful, the benefits to change must be weighed, against the barriers to change behavior (Green & Murphy, 2014).

The health belief model is composed of two factors that influences a person’s particular health behavior: the perceived health threat and the perceived threat reduction (pros and cons). Using the health belief model, there are three factors considered when perceiving a health threat: general health values, specific beliefs about personal vulnerability/susceptibility, and beliefs about the consequences of the disorder as well as the severity of it. In the scenario, Charles is a college student that smokes cigarettes and is fully aware of the risks and consequences associated with doing so because of the Surgeon General’s warning.

In this assignment I will concentrate on two theories of behaviour; health belief model (HBM) and the Theory of Reasoned Action. I will also look at factors that affect our approach to health and illness; poverty and age. Finally I will look at two different specific health issues; addiction and eating disorders, I will also look at the similarities and the differences between eating disorders and addictions.

The Health Belief Model (HBM) of health behaviour change was originally developed in the 1950s in order to understand and explain why vaccination and screening programs being implemented at the time were not meeting with success (Edberg 2007). It was later extended to account for preventive health actions and illness behaviours (Roden 2004). Succinctly, it suggests that behaviour change is influenced by an individuals’ assessment of the benefits and achievability of the change versus the cost of it (Naidoo and Wills 2000).

In the 1950’s the health belief model (HBM) was introduced to explain why people who are healthy, continue to participate in activities that keep them free of illness; while others neglect to be involved with healthy activities (Pender, Murdaugh, & Parsons, 2015). PubMed was used to find this article with the limitations of an article written in the last five years, humans, and English; the Mesh words used was health belief model. The article Applying the health belief model to college students’ health behavior, written by Kim, Ahn, and No, in 2012, reviews the study done to explain the use of HBM on college students and healthy students. This paper will discuss the use of the health belief model, in college students, to determine if their knowledge of nutrition will affect their healthy behaviors.

ways in which to encourage, educate, and motivate students to adopting a healthy lifestyle and

Thank you for your time today. I am writing to you in hope that you will understand the issue and be motivated to make changes due to it. In the united states at least 678,000 deaths each year die due to poor diet, lack of nutrition, obesity and obesity rates have tripled in children. Children all learn what they know, and that includes knowledge on a proper diet, in school, so why are schools not helping enough in this matter? Why are schools hiding healthy eating habits behind bought pizzas and chips and other junk foods in the cafeteria? We, in the united states, are required to educate children in health at schools, through P.E. and health classes, and should not undermine their work by giving out the opposite of what we suggest. Many may say that this takes away freedom or is not that big of a problem, but do children really want to be obese or unhealthy? Do students want to die young from linked diseases such as Diabetes type 2 and cardiovascular diseases? No. They would still have food choices, but they would be able to have better options to choose, ones where facts and statistics do not cause fear in parents, but happiness.

The second leading cause of death related to cancer in the United States is colorectal cancer. The VA medical center has made it a priority to screen veterans 50 years and older via a fecal-occult blood test (FOBT), sigmoidoscopy, and/or colonoscopy. The VA tracked the number of FOBT cards given to patients and how many were returned. The demographics of those who did not return the cards include: non-Caucasian patients, women, smokers, those living in rural areas, patients with health literacy issues, and patients with cognitive conditions associated with age (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2014).

Both the health belief model (HBM) and theories of reasoned action/planned behavior (TRA/TPB) are two model that has their root from psychology. Both models rely on social cognition as a mechanism to change individuals’ behaviors. Opponent criticizes the models for being unable to target social influence outside of an individual and overlook difference between target audiences.

Edelman and Mandle (2010) describes health belief model as it explores the client’s readiness to change, the client’s perception toward needing to change, and the clients perceived benefits to the health change. The nurse can use this model to encourage patient’s behavior changes by educating patients and their families. The nurse should be prepared with the education material. The nurse should identify if the patient is ready to learn or not. The nurse should choose the time to educate the patient when patient are not tired, not distracted and have energy and readiness to learn. The nurse should explain clearly and in simple way that the patient would understand. The nurse should explain the outcome of smoking and how the particular behavior

When considering health psychology it is important to recognise the various models it is made up of. The basis of this essay will be to take a look at the health belief model and the theory of planned behaviour, considering their historical origins, the positives and negatives of applying these approaches and examples of when they have been used. After some analysis it may offer some insight into possible improvements that could be implemented from further research. Also included will be an overview of how the models compare to each other and critical evaluation of research from this field.

Therefore, nutrition educators can use this model in order to enhance awareness and motivation to take action to reduce risk of a health-related condition (Contento, 70).

In today’s society it has become increasingly easier for families and children to consume an unhealthy diet on a day to day basis. Daily activities such as physical activity and eating a healthier more nutritious diet are the two main things that can prevent obesity. Once a child learns negative eating habits they are hard to break and typically follow them into adult hood. This can lead to many health problems in the future, but that can all be avoided if we teach healthy habits while children are young. The best place for children to pick up on healthy eating habits outside of their homes is at school. This is because many children consume a large portion of their meals at school. I propose to Superintendent, Rick Smith to consider some changes that can easily be made in order to make Hamilton County schools healthier and lower the obesity rate. If schools in Hamilton County start to promote healthier eating habits, more physical

The Health Belief Model (HBM) is one of the first theories of health behavior. It was developed in the 1950s by social psychologists in the U.S. Public Health Services to better understand the widespread failure of tuberculosis screening programs. Today it continues to be one of the most widely used theories. Research studies use it to explain and predict health behaviors seen in individuals. There is a broad range of health behaviors and subject populations that it is applied in. The concepts in the model involve perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals being studied create an understanding of their