NOAA Significant Volcanics

Analyse the factors that causes differences in the hazards posed by volcanoes around the world (40 marks)

exciting tell all, focused on the eruptions of Nevado Del Ruiz and Galeras in Northern and

A hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat tolife, health, property or environment. The level of hazard posed by different volcanoes can very greatly, from a weak eruption with minimal impact that causes little damage, to a voilent and life threatening explosion. Most of the sixty-plus volcanoes that erupt each year are low risk, however a combination of factors can cause a volcano to be a serious hazard. The factors causing these variations will be explained in this essay.

A human factor that would cause differences in the hazards posed by volcanoes is settlement, which includes where people chose to live in relation to a volcano. For example, in Indonesia many people settle near Mount Merapi because of the rich and fertile soil favoured for farming. As Indonesia is a poor country many people rely on subsistence farming, therefore are willing to risk everything by settling beside a volcano. Furthermore, in the last eruption in 2010 360,000 people were displaced from their homes, meaning not only did they lose their home but also their livelihood; hundreds also lost their lives. Therefore, the hazards posed could have been minimalised if people chose to settle elsewhere.

The term “supereruption” was introduced after the Toba eruption in 1992 to describe the devastating effects that occurred5. To this date, there is no strict definition however; an eruption that can produce over 300 cubic kilometers of magma would have global consequences and therefore, be considered ‘super’6. The volume of magma that erupted from Toba was much greater than any other eruption previously recorded2. The fragmental deposit from such a large eruption can produce volumes of 1000km3 or greater7. Therefore, according to this definition, the latest eruption of Toba can definitely be considered a supereruption.

Assess the extent to which primary rather than secondary impacts are the more serious effects arising from volcanic eruptions. (30 marks)

Annotated Bibliography Capra, L. (2006). Abrupt climatic changes as triggering mechanisms of massive volcanic collapses. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 155(3), 329-333. This article explains how volcanic collapse can affect the climate.

A volcano is a mountain built when magma rises from Earth's interior to the surface of the Earth.Volcanoes erupt when the pressure of the melted rock inside becomes so high that it blows through the solid surface of volcano. This explosion leads to many economic difficulties just like it did when Mount St. Helen exploded. It is a devastating event and clouds of ash, dust, and gases flowed into the environment. These fumes can be difficult to breath in and the damage it can cause wildlife is also

What is a volcano: A volcano is a mountain created by the earth. It also creates a hole where molten rock (lava) erupts. A volcano is filled of magma but when the magma erupts and is out of the volcano it is now called lava. When a volcano erupts it fills the air with lava fragments. A volcano can cause a lot of destruction like tsunamis, flash floods, mudflows, rockfalls, and earthquakes. Most volcanoes are located where the tectonic plates meet. Most

For no reason I can explain, I have always wanted to go to Hawaii. And once I did it, an urge of living there have been installed inside of me. I know there are a lot of volcanoes (active and inactive ones) around there. But we have to do what our heart asks to, right? A safe way to do it so, is asking a volcano specialist everything I can, so I learn more about the place’s history, the chances of a volcano to erupt, how toxics are the gases coming out of the magma, and the chances of an earthquake to happen.

Although the Eastern Roman empire didn’t “fall” as well, 476 A.D was viewed as the “fall” of Rome. It was viewed so because it terminated the time period of only Roman culture being dominant in all of Rome.

Volcanos are beautiful yet discursive. They may have different effects on towns but some are similar, and some are different. Some may have an effect on both people and cities and the people's mindsets may change on their beloved homes.

In ancient Roman society, the prevalence and dominance of religion was common and widespread. From the 27 BC, the beginning of the political reign of Augustus Caesar, the messages from religion developed into the social codes of behaviour for Roman citizens and furthermore, allowed for Rome to reach the pinnacle of greatness it did. Under Augustus’ leadership, ancient civilizations was offered a man who is the prime example of what is meant to be a proper Roman. A man who acknowledges and submits to his Fate. A man who held religious piety to a high priority as a form of respect to the Gods, to such an extent that he reaffirmed the traditions of the old Roman religion until it reached mainstream acceptance by the Roman public. Furthermore, Roman Religious Beliefs can be understood through the identification of key values and ideas that would contribute to Roman society by developing standards and codes of behaviour that would reinforce the actions needed of an exemplary Roman citizen. Though at this time, Rome did not have what constitute a “religion” by our modern standards, it was the common held beliefs by the people and the state that acted as a religion to moderate and control the behaviour of Roman citizens.

This is only a general overview of the inner workings of volcanoes and their eruptions. For more infomation, visit Volcano World -- The Premier Source of Volcano Info on the Web.

Volcanic eruptions are a constant issue. There are around 50 -70 eruptions every year with some volcanoes erupting more than once. Around 35 people die every year from volcanic eruptions along with an average cost of damage of 98,992,000. I believe that with a little math that these numbers can go down. Issues with volcano causing so much death is more of the debris that comes out of it if we could estimate the distant that this debris could travel then we would simply need to change the areas that we build cities and how far we would need to evacuate in a sudden emergency. This will include the ideas of projectile motion, angular projectile motion, Geometrical estimations. For this example, I will be using the volcano Mount Vesuvius. This volcano is known best for the destruction of Pompeii and villages that surrounded it. This eruption works the best due to the easily known eruption and the easily measurable distances from Pompeii to the center of Mount Vesuvius.