NSAIDS: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug

The type of treatment chosen depends on the type of arthritis and the effects it has on the patient as well as the severity of the disease. Other factors to consider are the age of the patient and the joints affected. Bearing in mind that different people exhibit different reactions to different medications, treatment in this case is individualized but includes a combination of joint protection methods and medication. For rheumatoid arthritis, the Initial treatment starts with non steroidal ant inflammatory drugs and other simple analgesic but as the inflammation progresses, slow acting anti rheumatoid drugs which are aimed at modifying the disease are introduced. They are added progressively as the inflammation progresses in order to suppress the process that leads to chronic inflammation (Amin 1995).

Acetaminophen is a non-opioid analgesic. We are not sure about how acetaminophen reduces the pain. It could have an inhibitory effect on central prostaglandin synthesis (cyclooxygenase (COX)-2) as well as increase the pain threshold. Acetaminophen cure fever by inhibiting the formulation and release of prostaglandins in the CNS. It stops endogenous pyrogens at the hypothalamic thermoregulator center. Acetaminophen is effective on curing fever, and may also relieve mild pain caused by cancer. Compared with Ibuprofen, they have very similar effectiveness. Acetaminophen provides a faster and greater temperature drop than aspirin. Acetaminophen may cause vomiting, constipation, nausea, pruritus, and agitation. For more serious circumstances,

Pain medications are drugs that are utilized to relieve the uneasiness associated with injury, disease, or surgery. There are different types of medications used to relieve pain because of the complexity of the pain process. These various kinds of medications for relieving pain work through varying psychological mechanisms. Generally, pain medications are classified into two major categories i.e. prescription and non-prescription drugs. Prescription drugs are extensive medications against pain and include more powerful drugs than the over-the-counter medications. These drugs are virtually used for any kind of pain situation though they are usually reserved for severe pain i.e. acute or chronic pain. In contrast, non-prescription drugs consists various mild anti-inflammatory medications that are mainly used for short-term pain and minor strains. Therefore, non-prescription drugs are used for common pains and aches and lower fever (Morelli & Vogin, n.d.). Some of the most common types of drugs used to relieve pain include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, muscle relaxants, corticosteroids, antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, acetaminophen, and anticonvulsant drugs.

Acetaminophen: This medication reduces pain and fever, but not inflammation. It's easier on your stomach than other types. The downside is that

Naproxen or commonly known by its various brand names such as Aleve, Naprelan, and Naprosyn is a nonsteroidal anit-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Naproxen treats pain that is caused by many arthritic conditions as well as menstrual cramps, muscle aches, tooth aches, pain and fever. In cases where inflammation and pain is caused by a disease as opposed to a temporary ache steroids can be prescribed but because of their many serious side effects NSAID’s are recommended first. Although NSAID also have side effects they do not compare to the severity of steroid side effects.

Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) stand to be the “smarter” choice for gout medication. A low NSAID dose is effective in controlling pain but a higher dose is needed to relieve inflammation.

Inflammation is a defense reaction, whereby harmful factors are removed and tissue structure and function are restored. During the acute phase of inflammation, first neutrophils will arrive, followed by monocytes. The monocytes mature into inflammatory macrophages and will finally affect the function of the resident tissue macrophages [Figure 1]. These responses lead to swelling, redness, heat and often pain. Once the first stimulus is removed, the reaction will stop and the inflammatory cells will be returned to pre-inflammatory numbers. Prostaglandins play an important role in immune reactions and are therefore often targeted by anti-inflammatory drugs, such as non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The specific role of prostaglandins and the mechanism of action of NSAIDs will be discussed (Ricciotti; FitzGerald, 2011).

Turmeric (Herbal Therapy/Enzyme): Turmeric is a recommended alternative to Ibuprofen and other NSAIDS and is a staple of Ayurvedic medicine, since its active ingredient is curcumin. In 2009, the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine found that curcumin is about as effective as ibuprofen in reducing the pain of osteoarthritis of the knee. Turmeric has been used in more than 2,500 published studies on numerous studies, such as asthma and cancer. The only downside to this possible medical marvel is that it takes an extremely long time to be effective; it can take up to approximately two months. Turmeric can be consumed in daily dosages to help with inflammation since it’s an anti-inflammatory substance, or tropical creams containing curcumin can be used to reduce

This experiment was designed to determine which analgesic compounds common OTC drugs contained. According to research done after the experiment, the testing successfully determined which compounds the sample drugs contained. The results showed that Tylenol contains acetaminophen, Excedrin contains caffeine and acetaminophen, Anacin contains caffeine, and Bufferin most likely contains

And here lies the problem. With inflammation, doctors often prescribe anti-inflammatory medications like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Acetaminophen- It is a highly recommended drug used as a pain reliever and fever reducer.

Studies comparing opioids and NSAIDs have shown that NSAIDs (Gajraj et al,2005) are effective than opioids, with some studies suggesting that NSAIDs can achieve greater reductions in pain scores (Holdgate and Pollock,2004). For acute pain, it has been suggested that NSAIDs should be used as the first line of treatment in pain therapy (Gajraji et al,2005ANZAC,2015) and recommend that opioids should be added only if pain is not controlled adequately with NSAIDs alone (Becks et al,2005)

Among the anti-inflammatory drugs, diclofenac sodium is a potent and widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic compound in the world. Diclofenac belongs to the acetic acid class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) that includes indomethacin, etodolac, ketorolac, nabumetone, tolmetin, and sulindac. Like other NSAIDs, diclofenac acts by inhibiting cellular cyclooxygenases (Cox-1 and Cox-2), which results in a decrease in production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin, prostacyclin, and thromboxane. Diclofenac has analgesic as well as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities. Diclofenac sodium is mainly indicated in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. In addition to its beneficial effects diclofenac has also been reported to be associated with some

Over the years, anti-inflammatory agents, formerly known as “aspirin-like drugs” such as piroxicam, phenyzone, dipyrone and phenacetin

As Ibuprofen holds the ability to interact with many different drugs, it is important to consult with the doctors before using Ibuprofen. However, from the above discussion, it is evident that this drug has some severe side effects which can damage the entire human body, it is important to undertake some of the preventive measures before taking Ibuprofen. In order to use this medicine in an effective manner, it is important to avoid using it excessively. The patients must avoid using it for longer time before consulting with the doctors as taking it for longer time can result in additional health diseases which affect the human immune system negatively (José, et al., 2016). At the time of using this medicine for moderating the arthritis, this medicine must be taken in a consistent manner in accordance with the order made by the